Classification and Identification of the microorganisms are of utmost importance in the field of environmental, industrial, medical and agricultural microbiology, microbial ecology and microbial forensic studies. Conventional phenotype-based methods come across many challenges and shortcomings which limit their usability. Molecular techniques offer better arrangements in recognizing and portraying microorganisms. A few DNA fingerprinting strategies have been produced and are being used as of now. In principle, most of these methods are based on PCR and restriction site analysis. Some of these methods are still not cost-effective in use and require huge set-up cost. Continuous research is going on around the world to improve the methodology and applicability of these methods as well as to make them economic and in routine use in forensic investigations..