The focus of this Study is on evaluation of parametric technique of technical efficiency of smallholder cotton farmers in Zamfara state, Nigeria. The aims of the study were centred on estimation of the level of technical efficiency, inputs and output relationship and to determine elasticity and returns to scale in cotton production. Zamfara state was used for this study. The field survey employed the list from reconnaissance survey of farmers conducted by Zamfara State Agricultural Development Project ZADP. A multistage sampling technique was used in selecting the study farmers consisting 220 farmers who produce cotton. The average technical efficiency score was 0.67 implying that farmers can still maximise the utilisation of inputs and increase their production frontier by 33%. The input-output analysis showed that the average yield of cotton produced was 773.319kg/ha. The returns to scale (RTS) was 0.791 depicting a positive decreasing returns to scale and at stage (II) of the production function while The coefficients of all variable inputs were inelastic since the coefficient of regression with respect to each input employed, holding all other inputs fixed resulted in less than 1% increase in cotton output.