Introduction: Chronic kidney disease poses a significant health risk with high mortality rates. Its common complication is anemia, which leads to adverse outcomes and worsens disease progression. Early detection and management are crucial for reducing associated risks. Aim/Objectives: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and awareness of anemia among chronic kidney disease dialysis patients in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Method/Methodology: The study was conducted in a hospital setting in 2023, using a cross-sectional design. Participants included dialysis patients aged 18 and above from 5 dialysis centres in Chennai, using convenience sampling. The total sample size, including attrition, was 330. The PPS (probability proportional to size) method allocates samples across 5 selected dialysis centres: Aminjikarai, Padi, Ambattur, Valluvarkottam, and Retteri, based on patient visitation at each facility. Data from each facility was collected using SRS method, and data analysis was conducted using “Jamovi-2.0.0” software. Anemia awareness was assessed using a validated quantitative, semi-structured questionnaire. The association between anemia prevalence and sociodemographic traits was evaluated using a chi-square test. Results: The study enrolled 326 subjects; 259 were anemic at a prevalence of 79.4% with 95% CI. Gender and hypertension were significantly associated with anemia prevalence (p-value = 0.05). Notably, 91.6% (n=84) of females and 81.6% (n=299) of hypertensive individuals had anemia, emphasizing their substantial impact on anemia prevalence. Findings from awareness survey (n=326) found 59% were unaware of anemia. Graduates and long-term dialysis patients (>5 years) had increased awareness (p=0.004 and p=0.047, respectively). Significance was determined by the Mann-Whitney U test at (p=0.005). Conclusion: The study indicates a higher prevalence of anemia among dialysis patients and limited awareness among chronic kidney disease patients, regardless of anemia status. Medical facilities, adopting patient-centred strategies (education and management guidance), Regular screening and monitoring are crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes and disease management.