Introduction: Caesarean section is the delivery of a baby, alive or dead, through an abdominal uterine incision after the period of viability. RCOG proposed a classification relating the degree of urgency to the presence or absence of maternal or fetal compromise. The nature of the caesarean section performed as emergency (category 1__ampersandsignamp;2) or elective (category 3__ampersandsignamp;4) is predicted depending on the indication. This study was conducted to study the indications and compare the maternal intrapartum and postpartum complications in both groups. Materials and Methodology: A prospective observational study on maternal outcome in an emergency (RCOG category 1__ampersandsignamp;2) and elective (RCOG category 3__ampersandsignamp;4) caesarean section was carried out in Yenepoya Medical College Hospital. Sample size was 100 with 50 participants in each group. Relevant antenatal, intranatal data, indications of LSCS, intraoperative and postoperative complications, were collected from the patients. Results: Out of the 100 participants, primigravidas accounted for 24 % of the total caesarean sections __ampersandsignamp; 46% of those who underwent emergency LSCS. Whereas gravida 2 comprised 41% of the total caesarean sections and 56% of those who underwent elective caesarean section. This difference in the obstetric score was highly significant (p= 0.000). The most common indication of LSCS in the elective group was previous 1 LSCS not willing for VBAC, accounting for 68%, whereas most common indication for emergency LSCS was fetal distress, accounting for 32%. Conclusion: Primigravidae are more prone for emergency caesarean section. Fetal distress was the most common indication of emergency caesarean section mainly in primigravidae; meticulous labor management may help in decreasing the same. Elective caesarean section rates may be brought down by decreasing the rate of primary caesarean section, as most women in this group had undergone caesarean section due to previous LSCS.