Introduction: Maternal risk factors play a vital role in the transmission of infection to the child. Hence this study was undertaken to evaluate the extent of influence of maternal risk factors exert on ECC below 6 -year-old children. Materials and Methods: A single calibrated examiner performed all clinical examinations under natural light using a mouth mirror and probe. The study was conducted in a random sample of 140 mother children pairs. Data related to pregnancy-related issues, feeding methods, oral hygiene measures and dental knowledge __ampersandsignamp; practices was obtained. The data was then tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Out of the 140 samples, 103 (73.57%) children had ECC of which 5-6 year children were more prevalent (84%). Children brushing twice daily had significantly less ECC (p__ampersandsignlt;0.01). Most of the feeding was by breast (57.1%) and 37 children of 80 breastfed mothers had no ECC and the relation was significant statistically (p __ampersandsignlt;0.01). 82 Children of 89 mothers who woke up during the night for feeding had ECC and this association was significant (p__ampersandsignlt;0.01). Conclusion: Adverse nighttime feeding habits, sugar additions, oral hygiene measures contribute to ECC. The mother needs to be counselled regarding the risk factors which ultimately help to prevent ECC at the primordial level.