Introduction: The placenta is a single organ and a vital regulator for fetal development and birth weight. The morphometry of the placenta helps to understand the antepartum and postnatal health of the neonates. Objective: To assess the placental morphometry of low and normal birth weight neonates and their correlation with birth weight. Materials and Methods: The present study was an institutional case-control study conducted at MES Medical College, Per in Thalmann, Kerala, India. New-borns with normal (__ampersandsignge;2500 g) and low birth weight (__ampersandsignlt; 2500 g.) born at 34 __ampersandsignndash; 42 weeks were included in the study. The study included 350 subjects whose placentae were collected immediately after delivery for morphometric analysis. Neonatal birth weight and placental morphometry were analysed, and the fetoplacental ratio and placental coefficient were calculated. Result: The present study indicates that all the placental morphometric parameters in low birth weight are significantly lower than those of the normal birth weight neonates. Moreover, there is a positive and significant correlation between the placental morphometric parameters and the birth weight of neonates. Conclusion: Placental morphometric parameters are directly related to birth weight. It may be useful in predicting the postnatal health status of the baby and early adulthood diseases.