Background: Newborn constitutes the foundation of human life. Every birth must be considered as a medical emergency. In the uterus, the Placenta serves to transfer nutrition and oxygen from the mother. After separation from the mother, the baby must breathe immediately to safeguard against anoxic damage to the brain and other vital organs. In the labour room, the newly born baby should help to establish independent breathing without delay to avoid asphyxiated morbidity and quality of life among survivors. Most babies have a smooth transition from foetal to neonatal life and establish spontaneous breathing at birth without any active assistance. About 5% to 10% of babies are likely to have difficulty initiating spontaneous breathing at birth and need active resuscitation. In such conditions, resuscitative measures should be promptly followed. It requires excellent assessment skills, having a resuscitation team and a thorough understanding of foetal and neonatal physiology. Objective: Study the principles behind Ayurvedic care of newborn and the procedure of Pranapratyagamana. Methods: This review study has been extensively revised and updated to include recent advances and understanding of Ayur vedic principles behind the procedure of pranapratyagamana and care of the newborn. The study included evidence-based information from a comprehensive textbook of Ayurveda as well as modern science. Results: Ayurvedic procedures performed to resuscitating the child are useful and based on sound scientific knowledge. Conclusion: Ayurvedic practices are more appropriate to serve health need as they are based on simple technology and avail ability is at the doorstep of the people.Najaat shishu paricharya.