Introduction: Dentistry is developing rapidly with new emerging concepts of periodontal diseases due to more understanding of the causes and pathogenesis of these diseases. Various factors are associated with an increased risk of gingivitis and peri odontitis. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and risk indicators of gingivitis and periodontitis in the Bahraini population. Method: A total sample of 395 participants was selected randomly from subjects escorting patients from five governmental health centres. The sociodemographic variables, oral hygiene habits, income, smoking, frequency of dental visits, history of diabetes mellitus, family history of periodontal diseases, and educational level were recorded. Basic periodontal examination index (BPE) was used as an initial examination of the participants. A full mouth charting and radiograph were carried out if they scored 3 and 4. Results: The majority had gingivitis (81.3%), 15.2% had chronic periodontitis, and only 3.5% were having healthy periodontal status. The frequency of female to male in the sample was 1.7:1; however, the prevalence of periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) was higher in males. The periodontitis cases were distributed as 3% mild, 6.1% moderate, and 6.1% were severe. Conclusion: This is the first study to report on the prevalence of periodontitis, gingivitis, and risk indicators among the adult population in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The prevalence of periodontitis was 15.2% and considered to below. On the contrary, the prevalence of gingivitis (81.3%) was considerably high. Among all risk indicators, the age and frequency of dental visit were the only indicators with statistical significance.