Introduction: Thyroid gland is an endocrine organ with two lobes and connecting isthmus, located below and anterior to the larynx. Histologically, the thyroid gland is comprised of follicles lined by follicular epithelial cells with eosinophilic colloid in the lumen. Objective: This study aimed to analyse thyroid lesions histopathologically. Methods: Specimens of thyroid lesions received at Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar from January 2018 to December 2019 were studied retrospectively. Results: Among the 180 specimens of thyroid lesions, 145 were from female patients and 35 from male patients. Age of the patients ranged from 4 years to 66 years. 31 cases (17%) were found to be non-neoplastic and 149 cases (83%) were neoplastic. Of the non-neoplastic lesions, 28 cases were documented as colloid goitre, 2 cases as a thyroglossal cyst and 1 case as Hashimoto thyroiditis. Of the neoplastic category, benign neoplasms(n=49) included 34 cases of follicular adenoma, 12 cases of Hurthle cell adenoma and 3 cases of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary like nuclear features malignant category (n=100) included 90 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma, 2 cases of follicular thyroid carcinoma and 8 cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion: In our study, only 17% of thyroid surgeries were done for non-neoplastic lesions. Further reduction in the number of thyroidectomies for non-neoplastic lesions is expected with improved applicability of preoperative imaging and fine-needle aspiration cytology.