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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="healthcare" lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">IJCRR</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">I Journ Cur Res Re</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Current Research and Review</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">I Journ Cur Res Re</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn><issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3420</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi"/><article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"> http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/IJCRR.2021.SP122</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Healthcare</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents&#13;
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>YY</surname><given-names>Chen</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>SRB</surname><given-names>Ghazali</given-names></name></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>en</volume><issue>es</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Introduction: Individuals who experienced traumatic events were more susceptible to non-communicable diseases and adoption of health-harming behaviours. Clearer understanding of the relationship between trauma and PTSD on the risk trajectories of CVD, especially among adolescents are missing in the literature. Objective: This study investigated the associations of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) manifestation and early risk factors for cardiovascular physiological measures, i.e., high blood pressure and heart rate among adolescence. Methods: A total number of 606 adolescents aged 14-19 years old (M=16.9, SD = 1.28) to participate in the present study. Their blood pressure, heart rate and body mass index (BMI) were measured. They were asked to rate their possible trauma experiences and PTSD symptoms via questionnaires. Results: Results showed that PTSD symptoms had a significant effect on blood pressure and heart rate reading. Total PTSD scores and only specific trauma types were significant predictors for the blood pressure and heart rate changes among adolescence. Conclusion: It is concluded that risk factors related to reported associations between trauma, PTSD symptoms, and physiological outcomes among adults might be able to identify in adolescence suggesting early detection and intervention to reduce adverse physical health outcomes are required.&#13;
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd> Adolescence</kwd><kwd> Blood-pressure</kwd><kwd> Heart-rate</kwd><kwd> PTSD</kwd><kwd> Trauma</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></article>
