Background: During the experiments, medium-fibre cotton varieties Bukhara-8, Omad and S-4727, as well as different types of saline meadows - alluvial, red-brown and desert-sandy soil types were used. Objective: To verify the scientific substantiation and production of physiological and ecological features of the Bukhara oasis in different saline meadows as alluvial, grey-brown and desert-sandy soil types, reflecting the effect of salinity and moisture levels on the valuable characteristics of cotton varieties are considered as the aim of the investigation. Method: The experiments were carried out in the fields of meadow-alluvial, red-brown and desert-sand types. Along with several indicators that determine the growth and development of cotton, depending on soil types and salinity levels, an increase in total water content in leaves, respiration rate, cell sap density, plant water deficit, and protoplasmic viscosity was found. Result: Growth in height, expansion of leaf surface, number of joints, joint length, yield, fibre yield, fibre length, decrease in weight of 1000 seeds were detected. Recommendations for the production of scientifically based ecophysiological features of the impact of salinity and moisture levels on the valuable traits of cotton varieties Bukhara-8, Omad and S-4727 in the conditions of saline meadows of all levels of the Bukhara oasis - alluvial, grey-brown and desert-sandy soils. Conclusion: Based on the data obtained, it was noted that all indicators of Bukhara-8 variety are higher than S-4727 and Omad varieties.