Introduction: The problem of diagnosing depressive disorders in patients with opium addiction is of a certain difficulty since the frequency of detection of these conditions and their diagnostic differentiation differ significantly. Objective: Our study aimed to study the clinical picture of dysthymic pathology in patients with opium addiction with an anxiety-depressive variant of the post-withdrawal syndrome. Method: We examined 296 patients with opium addiction (from anamnesis, as well as in the clinical picture of withdrawal and post-withdrawal syndromes), the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - patients with dysthymic pathology - 93 (31.4%) and 2 comparison group patients without dysthymic pathology - 203 (68.6%) patients. We compared the indicators of the patient__ampersandsignrsquo;s affective scales in the withdrawal and post-withdrawal syndromes. Results: Treatment of patients with opium addiction with dysthymic disorders with escitalopram revealed a positive dynamics of emotional disorders of post-withdrawal disorders with the restoration of good mood. This improvement is significantly more pronounced than in the patients of the comparative group treated with amitriptyline. Conclusion: It should be noted that the improvement in mood, the disappearance of anxiety is not accompanied by the stimulation of craving for the drug. Digital indicators showed a decrease in the intensity of pathological craving for drugs, at the same time an increase in working days, an improvement in social adaptation and family recovery was recorded. The antidepressant escitalopram reveals the absence of side symptoms in its use, which is of great importance in the clinic of post-withdrawal states.