The invasion of the healthy urinary system is restricted to a group of microorganisms known as __ampersandsignldquo;uropathogens__ampersandsignrdquo;. 80-90% of all urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by uropathogenic E. coli. The development of UTI depends on several virulence factors of the infecting organisms. This work shows the most relevant aspects in relation to the strategies responsible for the survival of uropathogenic E. coli in various environments in the host.