Introduction: Synovial fluid is a thick, stringy fluid found in the cavity of synovial joint.Its main function is to reduce the friction between two joints. Synovial fluid is made up of hyaluronic acid, lubricants and collagen. In a healthy joint the normal volume of synovial fluid is 0.15mlto 0.5ml. This study was done with the objective to evaluate the characteristics of the synovial fluid in various joint diseases. Method: The study was done in 60 cases of arthritis. Synovial fluid was collected and sent for physical and cytological analysis. Result: Out of 60 cases, rheumatoid arthritis (n=13; 19%) is the most common etiology followed by septic arthritis (n=10; 17%). Male predominated over female. Inflammatory arthritis is predominant than non-inflammatory and septic arthritis in this study. Conclusion: The synovial fluid analysis used for the investigation procedure in the diagnosis of various joint diseases. This study shows that rheumatoid arthritis is the most common cause for synovial inflammation.