__ampersandsignnbsp;Objectives: Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies are major causes of microcytic anemia in pediatric age group. The present study was done to calculate the proportion of children suffering from thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies amongst the patients of microcytic anemia and assessment of the clinical and hematological parameters of selected patients. Materials and Methods:__ampersandsignnbsp;Children of the age group 0-12 years attending the pediatrics outpatient department of Burdwan Medical College who showed microcytic anemia (i.e. MCV less than 80 fl)__ampersandsignnbsp;were included in the study. Among them, those showing features of thalassemia or hemoglobinopathy on HPLC underwent detailed clinical examination and history taking. Results:__ampersandsignnbsp;64 (22%)__ampersandsignnbsp;children out of the total 292 patients had thalassemia or hemoglobinopathies. Rest 228 had microcytic anemia due to other causes. Hemoglobin disorders found, in decreasing order of occurrence, were E Beta-thalassemia (45%), Beta thalassemia major (26%), Beta thalassemia trait (17%)__ampersandsignnbsp;and E trait (8%). E homozygous and Beta thalassemia-HPFH had one case each. 42 children had history of blood transfusion. The average age of first transfusion was 14 months for Beta thalassemia major patients and 3 years for E Beta thalassemia patients. The age of first transfusion is highly variable in case of E Beta thalassemia. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and skeletal changes were almost exclusively found in transfused children. 56.3 %__ampersandsignnbsp;children suffering from hemoglobin disorders were malnourished;__ampersandsignnbsp;most of them having beta thalassemia major and E beta thalassemia. Beta thalassemia major and E beta thalassemia patients had more severe anemia and anisocytosis than the other hemoglobin disorders which were milder in nature. Conclusion:__ampersandsignnbsp;Hemoglobin disorders happen to be the cause of ailment in a considerable proportion of children suffering from microcytic anemia. So hemoglobin analysis, preferably by HPLC is very much helpful for early diagnosis and treatment..