Background: The study was aimed to evaluate the scientific and ethical status of Drug Promotional Literatures (DPLs) using World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for ethical medicinal drug promotion. This would in turn create awareness amongst healthcare providers about DPLs and thus would promote rational use of drugs. Methods: This cross sectional observational study was carried out at Department of Pharmacology, Medical College Baroda. DPLs were collected and evaluated for scientific and ethical status as per guidelines by WHO for ethical medical drug promotion. Results: Out of total 616 DPLs collected, 371 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Out of them, 180 DPLs [48.5%] were of single drug whereas, 191 were of fixed dose combinations (FDCs) [51.5%] of which only [31.9%] FDCs were approved as per drug controller general of India (DCGI). Drugs acting on endocrine system [19.67%] were the most commonly promoted drugs.11.05% of DPLs were having catchy terms. Graphical presentations were present in [19.40%] of DPLs of which bar diagram [47.22%] was maximum, followed by line diagram [19.44%], tables [16.67%]. We observed that [11.61%] of DPLs were having irrelevant pictures while rest [88.39%] were with relevant pictures. In DPLs with relevant pictures, maximum pictures provided were of package of dosage form [41.36%] followed by photo/picture of woman [26.06%].35.04% of DPLs turned out to be promoting polypharmacy. Statistical representation of data in the form of p-value related to drug under promotion was mentioned in [3.77%] of DPLs. Conclusions: We hereby concluded that drug manufacturers didn__ampersandsignrsquo;t follow the WHO guidelines for ethical medicinal drug promotion, thus failing to fulfil the rational promotion of drugs.