Objective: The main objective of present research is to convert the agricultural waste Luffa cylindrica (LC) fiber into a valuable product. Methodology and Results: By injection molding technique, biodegradable composites were fabricated using 2, 5 and 10 weight percent of natural fiber of LC in biodegradable polymer matrix poly lactic acid (PLA).The patterns of disintegration of the virgin PLA and its composites were studied for a period of 75 days in sand, soil and compost environment and for a period of 30 days in bacterial and fungal conditions. The biodegradation were evaluated by measuring weight loss of the composite samples with time at every interval of 15 days in the above mentioned environment. The probable outcome of the study presents that the PLAand the composites using LC fibers almost degrade completely in bacterial environment after 30 days. However,in fungal environment the degradation was found upto 4 %. Lastly the composite samples were unable to degrade in sand, soil and compost environment. Before reinforcement the LC fibers are treated chemically for enhancing fiber matrix adhesion. The thermal degradation and the structural changes of the chemically treated LC fibers are studied by thermogravimetry analysis and X ray diffractometer. Conclusion: The fiber parts were mostly consumed by microorganisms. High fiber loading provides larger surface area for the microorganisms as a result the degradation rate is found to be high. Thus, the degradation process is accelerated by the microorganisms.