Periodontitis is a complex microbial disease involving various mechanisms that results in destruction of connective tissue and bone. Past understanding of etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease focused on the microbial aspect. Based on this the therapeutic efforts were focused on mechanical or chemotherapeutical removal of bacterial plaque. The plaque biofilm though considered the prime etiologic factor; it has been just associated with the initiation of disease. Recent investigations have recognized the crucial role played by host responses involved in the progression __ampersandsignamp; severity of the disease. So therapeutic efforts now is focused on altering (modulating) the host responses. The recent treatment strategy lies in modifying the host responses which will also help in evading the other risk factors like environmental and genetic that can modify the periodontal disease susceptibility. Host Modulation Therapy?s are emerging treatment concept in management of periodontal disease. This review focuses on the present concept of host modulation in comprehensive periodontal management and various chemotherapeutic agents currently applied in Host Modulation Therapy.