Introduction: The discovery of X-rays by Rontgen in 1895 and the useful results obtained from this radiation to see the inner side of body__ampersandsignlsquo;s tissue and diagnosing the diseases causes the increased use of these radiation in medical centers; however, the high numbers of medical experiments and lack of observing the protection principles is led to the ocular discomfort and severe and progressive dermatitis in medicine__ampersandsignlsquo;s hands are significantly increased only after some months of discovery of X-ray which is led to the death of many early radiologists. On the other hand, the delayed effects resulted from these radiation has been clarified after 20 years and national and international agencies tried to devise the rotection principles and the radiologist__ampersandsignlsquo;s education to protect the radiologists and patients against the harmful effects of these radiation. Background: According to the performed studies, the ionizing radiation are potentially dangerous for the growing of the fetus and the pregnant women should be prevented from the unnecessary radiation except from when there are strong clinical reasons and even the conditions at which these radiation are had to be used for the pregnant women, all theprotection principles should be observed to minimize the fetus__ampersandsignlsquo;s dose as much as possible. Therefore, observing the standard protection principles such as justification, optimization and dose limit are necessary to prevent the occurrence of radiation effects, especially for the protection of fetus. Results and Discussion: Regarding the genetic and somatic effects of Xrays, it is essential that the newest ways of radiation protection to reduce the patients and personnel__ampersandsignlsquo;s dose be acquired, and due to the fact that the fetus is highly sensitive to ionized radiation, thea pregnant women should be prevented from being exposed to radiation unless a__ampersandsignnbsp;strong indication has been provided for.