In C__ampersandsignocirc;te d__ampersandsignrsquo;Ivoire, as in most developing countries, anaemia is a public health problem. The country possesses 5259 canteens in more than 8000 primary schools. Children attending schools with canteens are they concerned with public health problem that is anaemia? Their haematological profile conforms to the standards set by international organizations? To answer these questions, a study was conducted and aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia in a school population and to study the typology. The work has focused initially on 350 subjects and 310 children (172 girls and 138 boys) aged 5 to 11 years were selected from three municipilities of Abidjan. Blood samples were taken from each child in order to search for the parameters of the blood count and the electrophoretic profile of hemoglobin. The results of study revealed that 82.9 % of children have indicated abnormal haematological status. The prevalence of anaemia (hemoglobin __ampersandsignlt; 11.5 g/dl) was 30.3 % with 33.3 % of males and 29.1 % for girls. Moreover, the mean values parameters of the blood count were compared in accordance with standards established by international organizations. In addition, haemoglobinopathies was found in these children (16.1 %), including sickle cell trait and hemoglobin C traitThe prevalence of anemia among school children selected in Abidjan is more considerable. This could be explained by a deficiency of micronutrients. In view of the results obtained, it is important to extend the work to all school canteens in order to assess the factors of anaemia and to determine normal values parameters of the blood count of children in such environment.