Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of childhood ocular emergency. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive retrospective review was carried out over a period of 5 years from January 2008 to December 2012 at the Dept. of Ophthalmology, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India. A total 330 children (aged 15 years or less) was hospitalized with ocular emergencies and included in this study. Results: Total 330 children (aged 15 years or less) were admitted in the inpatient Department of Ophthalmology. Male and female child was 242(73.33%) and 88(26.67%) respectively. Traumatic ocular emergencies was 210(63.64%) where as non-traumatic was 120(36.36%). Male predominance was seen in both group, traumatic 126(60%) and non-traumatic 83(69.2%). Close globe injury 86(40.95%) and open globe injury was 66(31.43%). Hyphema 48(55.81%) was the most common among close globe injury. Corneal rupture 42(63.63%) was most common among open globe injury. Vegetable material was the most common causative agent for traumatic ocular emergency. Non-traumatic ocular emergency was managed with conservative medications and primary repair was done in traumatic open globe injury. Visual outcome was poor in cases of traumatic open globe injury than traumatic close globe injury and non-traumatic group. Conclusion: Childhood ocular emergency is a common cause of ophthalmic consultation. Majority patients are young boys and commonly presented with ocular trauma. There is need for increasing awareness.