Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-5241174EnglishN2025February25Healthcare Anthropometric Study of Different Angles of Left Human Scapula in Adult Bangladeshi People     English0104Nafrina Islam LeezaEnglish Kaniz FatimaEnglish Maria KhanEnglish Isot JahanEnglish Mousomi TahminaEnglish Nazia Binte IslamEnglish Mostafizur RahmanEnglish Introduction: The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a triangular bone that connects the upper limb to the trunk, articulating with the humerus at the glenoid cavity. It features three borders (superior, medial, and lateral), three angles (superior, inferior, and lateral), and significant anatomical landmarks such as the scapular spine, acromion, and coracoid processes. Aim/Objectives: This study aimed to examine the morphometry of dry, fully ossified left human scapulae and identify variations between male and female scapulae. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted at Dhaka Medical College from July 2022 to June 2023, analyzed 140 dry, fully ossified left human scapulae of unknown sex. Sex determination was performed using Dabbs’s multivariate linear discriminant function method. Scapulae were classified into male and female groups based on measurements of various morphometric and morphological variables, including length, width, scapular angles, and glenoid cavity features. Result: To assess morphometric parameters and anatomical variations, the study examined 140 ossified left human scapulae (66 male, 74 female). In male, the mean ± SD of superior angle was 89.22 ± 4.94 mm and it ranged from 78.16mm to 98.16 mm. In female, the mean ± SD of superior angle was 85.49 ± 9.52 mm and it ranged from 45.00 mm to 96.66 mm. The mean superior angle was found to be higher in male than female and these differences were statistically significant (pEnglishScapula Morphometry, Sexual Dimorphism, Anatomical Variations, Human Scapula Anatomy, Suprascapular Notch Types, Acromion Angleshttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4840http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4840 1. Weatherall C. Morphological variation in the human scapula related to age & sex (Doctoral dissertation, Wichita State University), 2005. 2. Dabbs G. Sex determination using the scapula in New Kingdom skeletons from Tell El-Amarna. Homo. 2010 Dec 1;61(6):413-20. 3. Standring S, Ellis H, Healy J, Johnson D, Williams A, Collins P, et al. Gray’s anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2005 Nov;26(10):2703. 4. MacCurdy GG. International Congress of Prehistoric Anthropology and Archeology, Geneva. Am. Anthropol. 1912 Oct 1;14(4):621-31. 5. Guo X, Ou M, Yi G, Qin B, Wang G, Fu S, et al. Correction between the morphology of acromion and acromial angle in Chinese population: a study on 292 scapulas. BioMed Res. Int. 2018; 2018(1):3125715. 6. Charisi D, Eliopoulos C, Vanna V, Koilias CG, Manolis SK. Sexual dimorphism of the arm bones in a modern Greek population. J Forensic Sci. 2011 Jan;56(1):10-8. 7. Plavcan JM. Sexual dimorphism in primate evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. 2001;116(S33):25-53. 8. Gara R. Morphometric study and its application in sexual dimorphism of scapula. IJBAMR. 2019;8(2):171-88. 9. Sharma R, Singla RK, Kullar JS, Sharma R, Sharma T. A Cadaveric Study of Different Angles of Scapula and their Role in its Kinesiometrics and Muscle Morphology. J Nepal Med Assoc. 2013 Sep 24;52(191). 10. Blumenfeld J. Racial identification in the skull and teeth. The University of Western Ontaria. J Anthropol. 2000; 8(1) :20-33 11. Vaibhav VP, Joshi RA. Determination of sex from morphometric analysis of scapula. MedPulse – Int J Anat. August 2019; 11(2): 44-46. http://www.medpulse.in/Anatomy 12. Patel SM, Shah MA, Vora RK, Goda JB, Rathod SP, Shah S. Morphometric analysis of scapula to determine sexual dimorphism. International Journal of Medicine & Public Health (IJMEDPH). 2013 Jul 1;3(3). 13. Dabbs GR, Moore?Jansen PH. A method for estimating sex using metric analysis of the scapula. J Forensic Sci. 2010 Jan; 55(1):149-52.

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-5241174EnglishN2025February25Healthcare Shiva Sutra and Psychology: Application and Implication     English0506Rashi JunejaEnglish Anuja KapoorEnglish Consciousness is a state of being aware of and able to experience surroundings, thoughts, emotions, and sensations. It is a natural human phenomenon. It is associated with the human mind and body association. Many researchers and yogis have put in efforts to explore and discover the true nature of consciousness. Shiva Sutra is valuable scripture of knowledge that constitutes concepts based on science and logic. It represents a unique encoding and explanation of consciousness. The aim of the paper to put light on how the Shiva Sutra principles are useful to understand the fundamental nature of consciousness. The present paper provides a theoretical understanding and review of research on higher states of consciousness described in the Shiva Sutra. EnglishShiva, Psychology, Kashmiri Shaivism, Sutra, Consciousness, Mind, Bodyhttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4841http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4841 1. Kumar R. Concept and Nature of Consciousness in Shiva- Sutra: An Applied Scientific Approach. International J Indian Psychol. 2015; 3 (1): 9 DOI: 10.25215/0301.164, DIP:18.01.164/20150301. 2. Swami L. Shiva Sutras “The Supreme Awakening”, Universal Shaiva Fellowship: USA. 2002. 3. Taimani IK. Ultimate Reality and Realization. The Theosophical Publishing House: Adyar. 1997. 4. Vasgupta. Siva Sutras. Translated by Jaideva Singh. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.1979:278.