Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411602EnglishN2024January31Healthcare The Effect of Retained Primitive Reflexes on Academic Success in Middle School Children- A Pilot Study     English0105Payal MehtaEnglish Neeta VyasEnglish Ashish KakkadEnglish Introduction: Every child has the potential to excel academically, but sometimes there are underlying factors that can hinder their progress. One such factor that often goes unnoticed is the presence of retained primitive reflexes. These reflexes, which are normally present in infancy but should disappear as a child grows, can affect a child’s ability to learn and thrive in an educational setting. Aim/Objectives: The pilot study aimed to research the relationship between the occurrence and level of intensity of primitive reflexes in middle school children and its effects on their education, and academic achievements. Materials and Methods: A group of 40 children (18 girls and 22 boys) who attended middle school were examined. Participants were assessed for the presence of three Primitive Reflexes (PR): the Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR), Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR), and Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR). Romberg’s test was employed to identify signs of difficulties with control of balance and/or proprioception. Then their school results were assessed including several domains like mathematics, science, and language. After summing up points obtained for all tests, a correlation coefficient was calculated from which the results were derived. Results: There was a negative correlation between the academic results obtained from schools in several domains and the continued presence of Primitive Reflexes like STNR, ATNR, and TLR. Conclusion: Neuromotor maturity status may be related to the ability to read written words and to calculate. • It is necessary to conduct further research on laterality with a larger sample size. • Additionally, introducing reflex integration therapy to children with learning difficulties may improve their reading and mathematical abilities. EnglishAcademics, Academic Achievements, Dyscalculia, Dyslexia, Learning Difficulties, Primitive Reflexeshttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4787http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4787 1. De Jager M. Sequence of primitive reflexes in development. Mind Moves Institute, Johannesburg. 2009 2. Zafeiriou DI. Primitive reflexes and postural reactions in the neurodevelopmental examination. Pediatr Neurol. 2004; 131: 1-8. 3. Kawakami M, Liu M, Otsuka T, Ayako W, Ken U, Asako A et al. Asymmetrical skull deformity in children with Cerebral Palsy: frequency and correlation with postural abnormalities and deformities. 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Directions for LD treatment with reflex therapy. Acad J Inter Stud. 2013; 2: 77-80. 18. McPhilips M, Sheehy N. Prevalence of persistent primary reflexes and motor problems in children with reading difficulties. Dyslexia. 2004; 10: 316-38. 19. McPhilips M, Jordan-Black JN. Primary reflex persistence in children with reading difficulties (dyslexia): a cross-sectional study. Neuropsych. 2007; 45: 748-54. 20. Cools W, De Martelaer K, Vandaele B Assessment of movement skill performance in preschool children: convergent validity between MOT 4-6 and M-ABC. J Sports Sci Med. 2010; 9: 597- 604. 21. Nowak A, Romanowska-To??oczko A, Bartusiak I. Abnormalities in motor development of children as early signs of psychomotor disturbances. Probl Phisic Train Sp. 2009; 9: 192-5. 22. Nowak A, Bartusiak I, Romanowska-Tolloczko A. Psychomotor  diagnosis of four-year-old children as a realization of an early intervention program in the nursery schools. Sport Ped. 2009; 9: 188-91

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411602EnglishN2024January31Healthcare Surgical Management of Haemorrhoids – A Comparative Study between Harmonic Scalpel and Conventional (Miligan Morgan) Haemorrhoidectomy     English0610Rudra Prasad MahapatraEnglish Swopna Sagar DasEnglish Siddharth MishraEnglish Haemorrhoids are one of the common surgical conditions often seen in 4th to 6th decade of life. Although conventional haemorrhoidectomy is the most commonly performed procedure, it has been associated with significant pain and bleeding along with other complications. Aim/Objective: To compare outcomes of conventional and harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy in the management of grade 3 and 4 haemorrhoids. Method: The study was a prospective, double blind, randomized study conducted in the department of general surgery, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela from October 2019 to April 2021. A total of 40 patients were included in this study and divided into group A (Harmonic scalpel) and group B (Conventional haemorrhoidectomy). The data were collected in the post-operative period and statistical analysis was done using SPSS 18.0 and R environment ver.3.2.2. P value EnglishHaemorrhoidectomy, Harmonic scalpel, Miligan-Morgan, Post-operative morbidity, Hospital stay, Recurrence of symptoms.http://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4788http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4788 1. Goligher J, Keighley MRB, Williams NS. Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon. 5th ed. London: Saunders; 1993. 2. Johanson JF, Sonnenberg A. The prevalence of hemorrhoids and chronic constipation. An epidemiologic study. Gastroenterology. 1990 Feb; 98(2):380-6. 3. Armstrong DN, Ambroze WL, Schertzer ME, Orangio GR. Harmonic Scalpel vs. electrocautery haemorrhoidectomy: a prospective evaluation. Dis Colon Rectum. 2001 Apr; 44(4):558-64. 4. Hyams L, Philpot J. 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NG BR, Daniel S. “Harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy: An alternative to conventional open Milligan Morgan method of haemorrhoidectomy “. Int J. Sur Res. 2021; 3(1):3-6. 11. Shahmoradi MK, Mehri J, Taheri HR. Comparison of haemorrhoidectomy using harmonic scalpel and electrocautery: a randomized controlled trial. Int J. Surg Open. 2020; 27:39-42. 12. Elhorbity MA, Mansour MI, Mahmoud NA. “Efficacy of Harmonic US and LigaSure in Surgical Treatment of 3rd and 4th Degree Internal Hemorrhoids versus Conventional Haemorrhoidectomy”. J Surg. 2020; 16:1. 13. Ghieth SMN, Elbahrawi HA, Kassem MI, Sabry AA. “Comparative Study between Harmonic Scalpel and Diathermy in the Surgical Treatment of Grade III and IV Hemorrhoids”. Acta Sci Gastron Disord. 2020; 3(1):02-08. 14. Megahed, Hazem A. Harmonic scalpel versus conventional haemorrhoidectomy. Al-Azhar Assiut Med J. 2019; 17(1):24-29. 15. Abdalnby BS, Ismael MA, Al-Janabi HJD. Harmonica Scalpel versus Milligan Morgan Technique with electrocautery for Haemorrhoidectomy. Int. J. of Adv. Res. 2019; 7(9):259-62.  16. Ahmed SZ, Noor ul Mobeen, Ahmed B. Haemorrhoidectomy in Patients with Grade III and IV Disease: Harmonic Scalpel compared with Conventional technique. Professional Med J. 2020;  27(5):929-34. 17. Sarkar A, Choksi DB, Sutaria A, Sindhal M. Harmonic scalpel versus bipolar diathermy in Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy: a randomized controlled study. Int Surg J. 2018; 5:2507-12. 18. Y?ld?r?m D, Donmez T, Akturk OM, Kocaku?ak A, Çak?r M, Yurtteri ME. Is there any benefit of harmonic scalpel for haemorrhoidectomyversus conventional diathermy? Arch Clin Exp Med. 2018;3(1):10-14. 19. Thiyagarajan A, Bhatnagar S. Comparative study of management of grade III hemorrhoids by Harmonic Scalpel technique versus conventional surgical technique (Milligan Morgan method). Int Surg J. 2017; 4:3007-14. 20. Philipose A, Akhtar M, Saxena D, Keswani S. Harmonic scalpel versus conventional haemorrhoidectomy for grade III and IV haemorrhoids: a randomized controlled trial. Int Surg J. 2017; 4:1627-31. 21. Mala TA, Malla SA, Shah AA, Kapoor M, Gupta VB. Comparative study of harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy versus conventional (Milligan and Morgan) haemorrhoidectomy. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017; 6(1):328–333. 22. Elbarmelgi MY, Farag AFA. Comparative Study of Outcome of Conventional versus Ultrasonic Coagulation Haemorrhoidectomy. Clin Surg. 2016; 1:1242. 23. Lim DR, Cho DH, Lee JH, Moon JH. Comparison of a Haemorrhoidectomy with Ultrasonic Scalpel versus a Conventional Haemorrhoidectomy. Ann Colorectal. 2016 Jun; 32(3):111-6. 24. Kasthuri D, Reddy EC. Harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy vs conventional Milligan and Morgan haemorrhoidectomy: a prospective study. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2015 Sep 10; 4(73):12630-38. 25. Peker K, Inal A, Gullu H, Gul D, Sahin M, Ozcan AD, et al. Comparison of vessel sealing systems with conventional. 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