Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411523EnglishN2023December16Healthcare Retrograde Autologus Priming and its Effects on Intraoperative Transfusion     English0105Adnan ShahEnglish Mubashar Zareen KhanEnglish Attiya Hameed KhanEnglish Shahana RazaEnglish Kashif AnwarEnglish Abdul NasirEnglish Introduction: Extreme haemodilution going on with cardiopulmonary pass imposes an vital chance element recollect for blood transfusion in cardiac surgical patients. Priming of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit with sufferers' own blood [retrograde autologous priming (RAP)] is a system used to restrict haemodilution and decrease transfusion requirements. Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of Retrograde Autologus Priming on reducing intraoperative blood transfusion in cardiac surgery. Methodology: It was cross sectional study, conducted over a period of six month from august 2021- February 2022 at Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, department of cardiac surgery. We enrolled one hundred and sixty patients, n= (160) through pre-structured Performa by the use of non-probability convenient sampling method technique. Results: The mean age of the patients (8.77±8.644), mean HB before surgery (13.443±2.9020), after surgery (10.947±2.0891), haematocrit after surgery (34.98±7.697), priming volume (549.32±229.013), effective priming volume (539.69±257.563), extubation time (3.91±1.255) and ICU stay was (2.20±.875). Post-op performance HB level, hematocrit, priming volume, extubation time and ICU stay shows a significant association at p value EnglishRetrograde Autologous priming, Congenital, Valvular, Cardiac Surgery, Haemodilution, Priming volumehttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4778http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4778 1. 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Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73:1912–1918. 6. Eising GP, Pfauder M, Niemeyer M,. Retrograde autologous priming:is it useful in elective on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery? Ann Thorac Surg 2003; 75:23–27. 7. Murphy GS, Szokol JW, Nitsun M,. Retrograde autologous priming of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit: safety and impact on pop.   8. DeFoe GR, Ross GS, Olmstead EM,. Lowest hematocrit on bypass and adverse outcomes associated with coronary artery bypass  grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71:769–76. 9. Swaminathan M, Philips-Bute BG, Conlon PJ, Smith PK,. The association of lowest hematocrit during cardiopulmonary bypass with acute renal injury after coronary artery bypasses surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2003; 76:784–91. 10. Rosengart TK, Debois W, O’Hara M, Helm R, Gomez M, Lang SJ et al. Retrograde autologous priming for cardiopulmonary bypass: a safe and effective means of decreasing hemodilution and transfusion requirements. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 115:426–39. 11. 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Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411523EnglishN2023December16Life Sciences Production and Estimation of Plant Growth Regulators in Fungi Isolated from Western Ghats     English0617Praveen AEnglish Mrudula KVEnglish DevendrappaEnglish Karishma LaxmanEnglish Sujatha BEnglish Anuradha MEnglish Sharad S. AcharEnglish Suhasa GEnglish Introduction: The Rhizosphere is the narrow region of the soil tightly adhered to the plant root system and is under the influence of metabolites released by the associated soil microorganisms. Metabolites act as chemical messengers and attract motile microorganisms, representing a nutrient source to support their growth. These microorganisms are often called plant growth-promoting microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and cyanobacteria. Aim/Objectives: The plant growth regulators were produced from the fungi obtained from Western Ghats. The potent PGPF was selected for HPLC and pot study analysis among the isolates obtained. Also, 18s rRNA sequencing was performed to identify the genetic similarities. Methodology: Samples were collected from the rhizosphere of the Western Ghats region. They are used for isolation and partial identification of fungi. Later, organisms were subjected to IAA and GA determination up to 15 days. The estimated IAA and GA were subjected to HPLC analysis and compared with the standards. Further, the cultured filtrate of isolated organisms was tested for IAA and GA activity by performing pot analysis with Vigna radiata. The data obtained from pot studies was statistically analyzed. The potent isolated organism was further identified using molecular sequencing and bioinformatics tools. Results: The isolated organisms were partially identified as species from Aspergillus, Rhizomucor, Fusarium, Cladosporium, and Trichoderma. Among the isolated organisms, Rhizomucor had the maximum concentration of IAA (15 days incubation), and a species of Rhizomucor and Fusarium had maximum GA (15 days incubation). The presence of IAA and GA was confirmed by comparing the standard peaks obtained from HPLC analysis. Pot study analysis showed an initial increase in shoot and root length from the 5th day onwards. Based on the statistical analysis, auxin root length showed significance at 95% interval levels. Compared with databases, the sequenced data had a 99.82% identity with Mucor irregularis. Conclusion: Auxins and gibberellins produced by the isolated organisms enhanced the root and shoot length and thus can be chosen as bioinoculants. EnglishBioinoculants, Chemical fertilizers, HPLC, Metabolites, Auxins, Gibberellinshttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4779http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4779 Franche C, Lindström K, Emmerich C. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with leguminous and non-leguminous plants. 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