Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411513EnglishN2023July15Healthcare Mental Illness in Today’s Scenario: Glamorization, Trivialization or Stigmatization English0101Sharma JigyashaEnglish Katoch SonaliEnglishEnglishhttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4749http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4749

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411513EnglishN2023July15Healthcare Revolutionize Your Oral Care Routine - A Short Review on Toothpastes in Children     English0204Joybell Chrishantha C.English Harini S.English Iswarya R.English Daily tooth brushing lays the foundation for healthy teeth (along with flossing and regular dental visits). But choosing the right toothpaste during shopping can be overwhelming. Entire aisles are devoted to the many monotony varieties of this seemingly-simple tooth-cleaning pastes in grocery stores, drug stores, and just about every other kind of store. With all of these potential choices, it’s easy to get confused. The toothpaste is only part of a complete dental health regimen. Regular flossing and dental checkups are absolutely essential to maintain the health of the teeth. This article intends to throw light on the types and use tooth pastes in children. EnglishPediatric dentistry, Oral hygiene, Tooth paste, Flavored tooth paste, Tooth whitening, Preventive dentistryhttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4750http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4750 1. Schwindt B, Wright JT,. Fluoride toothpaste use for young children. J Am Dent Assoc 145(2):190-191. 2. Maldupa I, Brinkmane A, Rendeniece I , Mihailova A, Evidence based toothpaste classification, according to certain characteristics of their chemical composition. Stomatologija(2012) 14(1):12-22. 3. Bijile MNA , Ekambaran M , Lo E, Yiu CKY, Scientific reports ,2019, 9(1), 1-10 4. Choudhari S., Gurunathan D., Kanthaswamy AC. Children’s perspective on color, smell and flavor of toothpaste. Indian J Dent Res 2020,31:338-42 5. Whitening Toothpastes. JADA 2001, 132(8):1146. 6. Vilhena FV, de CF, Graeff O, da N, Svizero R, Paulo Henrique Perlatti DA, “Effectiveness of Experimental Whitening Toothpastes Containing Colorants on the Optical Properties of Enamel”, Sci. World J,vol.2022, Article ID 4576912,9 pages, 2022. 7. Hasson H, Ismail A, Neiva G, Home based chemically induced whitening of teeth in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2008) 4: 1-22. 8. Macdonald E, North A, Maggio B, Sufi F, Mason S, Clinical study investigating abrasive effects of three tooth-pastes and water in an in situ model. J Dent (2010) 38(6): 509-516. 9. Johannsen G, Tellefsen G, Johannsen A, Liljeborg A. The importance of measuring toothpaste abrasivity in both a quantitative and qualitative way. Acta Odontol Scand.2013 May- Jul;71(3-4):508-17 . 10. Janakiram C., Venkitachalam R., Fontelo P. Effectiveness of herbal oral care products in reducing dental plaque & gingivitisa systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther (2020) 20,43.

Radiance Research AcademyInternational Journal of Current Research and Review2231-21960975-52411513EnglishN2023July15Healthcare Effectiveness and Safety of Prasugrel versus Ticagrelor in PCI-treated ACS/AMI Patients:Meta-analysis   English0513Chinniah KarthikeyanEnglish Shahabdeen Shuib MohammedEnglish Introduction: As per international guidelines the P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, ticagrelor or prasugrel is recommended over clopidogrel for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aims: To determine the effectiveness and safety of Prasugrel versus ticagrelor in patients with ACS/AMI (acute myocardial infarction) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through meta-analysis of clinical trials. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized trials [with search results up to April 2023 in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar comparing prasugrel and ticagrelor in PCI-treated acute ACS/AMI patients for the following: Composite of 1-year all-cause death, non-fatal MI, or stroke; Composite of 1-year cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, or stroke; and individual parameters (all-cause death, cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI and stroke) and major bleeding as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3 to 5 bleeding (more severe bleeding) at 1-year. 4 studies met the metanalysis inclusion criteria. It was conducted on the data of a total of 10479 patients (5079 in the prasugrel group and 5400 ticagrelor group). Results: Prasugrel and ticagrelor have insignificant differences for the pooled relative risks of the following: composite of 1-year all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke 0.921 (95% CI, 0.719 to 1.181; p =0.518); composite of 1-year cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, or stroke 0.830 (95% CI, 0.598 to 1.152; p =0.265); BARC type 3 to 5 bleeding (more severe bleeding) at 1-year was 0.988 (95% CI, 0.774 to 1.262; p =0.924); individual parameters (all-cause death, cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke). There was either inconsistency/heterogeneity and minimal or no inconsistency/heterogeneity for different parameters in the data. There was no publication bias for all trials. Conclusion: Prasugrel and ticagrelor have similar effects for their relative risks of the following; composite of 1-year all-cause death, non-fatal MI, or stroke; composite of 1-year cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, or stroke; and individual parameters and BARC type 3 to 5 bleeding at 1 year in patients with ACS/AMI undergoing PCI. EnglishPrasugrel, Ticagrelor, Meta-analysis, ACS, AMI, PCI, BARChttp://ijcrr.com/abstract.php?article_id=4751http://ijcrr.com/article_html.php?did=4751 1. Tantry US, Navarese EP, Myat A, Chaudhary R, Gurbel PA. Combination oral antithrombotic therapy for the treatment of myocardial infarction: recent developments. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2018;19(7):653-665. 2. Navarese EP, Khan SU, Ko?odziejczak M, Kubica J, Buccheri S, Cannon CP, et al. Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Oral P2Y12 Inhibitors in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Network Meta- Analysis of 52816 Patients From 12 Randomized Trials. Circulation. 2020;142(2):150-160. 3. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, Antunes MJ, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bueno H, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with STsegment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39(2):119-177. 4. Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP, Mueller C, Valgimigli M, Andreotti F, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2016;37(3):267-315. 5. Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, Casey DE Jr, Ganiats TG, Holmes DR Jr, et al. AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(24):e139-e228. 6. Storey RF, Angiolillo DJ, Patil SB, Desai B, Ecob R, Husted S, et al. Inhibitory effects of ticagrelor compared with clopidogrel on platelet function in patients with acute coronary syndromes: the PLATO (PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes) PLATELET substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(18):1456-1462. 7. Antman EM, Wiviott SD, Murphy SA, Voitk J, Hasin Y, Widimsky P, et al. Early and late benefits of prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a TRITON-TIMI 38 (TRial to Assess Improvement in Therapeutic Outcomes by Optimizing Platelet InhibitioN with Prasugrel-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(21):2028-2033. 8. James S, Akerblom A, Cannon CP, Emanuelsson H, Husted S, Katus H, et al. Comparison of ticagrelor, the first reversible oral P2Y(12) receptor antagonist, with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial. Am Heart J. 2009;157(4):599-605. 9. Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A, Cannon CP, Emanuelsson H, Held C, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(11):1045-1057. 10. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, Montalescot G, Ruzyllo W, Gottlieb S, et al. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(20):2001- 2015. 11. Schüpke S, Neumann FJ, Menichelli M, Mayer K, Bernlochner I, Wöhrle J, et al. Ticagrelor or prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(16):1524-1534. 12. Motovska Z, Hlinomaz O, Kala P, Hromadka M, Knot J, Varvarovsky I, et al.; PRAGUE-18 Study Group. 1-Year outcomes of patients undergoing primary angioplasty for myocardial infarction treated with prasugrel versus ticagrelor. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(4):371-381. 13. Alexopoulos D, Xanthopoulou I, Deftereos S, Hamilos M, Sitafidis G, Kanakakis I, et al., Contemporary antiplatelet treatment in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: 1-year outcomes from the Greek AntiPlatElet (GRAPE) Registry. J Thromb Haemost. 2016;14(6):1146-1154. 14. Venetsanos D, Träff E, Erlinge D, Hagström E, Nilsson J, Desta L, et al. Prasugrel versus ticagrelor in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart. 2021;107(14):1145-1151. 15. Fong LCW, Lee NHC, Yan AT, Ng MY. Comparison of prasugrel and ticagrelor for patients with acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiology. 2022;147(1):1- 13. 16. Navarese EP, Khan SU, Ko?odziejczak M, Kubica J, Buccheri S, Cannon CP, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of oral p2y12 inhibitors in acute coronary syndrome: network metaanalysis of 52816 patients from 12 randomized trials. Circulation. 2020;142(2):150-160. 17. Bavishi C, Panwar S, Messerli FH, Bangalore S. Meta-analysis of comparison of the newer oral p2y12 inhibitors (prasugrel or ticagrelor) to clopidogrel in patients with non-st-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2015;116(5):809-817. 18. Steiner S, Moertl D, Chen L, Coyle D, Wells GA. Network meta-analysis of prasugrel, ticagrelor, high- and standard-dose clopidogrel in patients scheduled for percutaneous coronary interventions. Thromb Haemost. 2012;108(2):318-327. 19. Chatterjee S, Ghose A, Sharma A, Guha G, Mukherjee D, Frankel R. Comparing newer oral anti-platelets prasugrel and ticagrelor in reduction of ischemic events-evidence from a network meta-analysis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2013;36(3):223-232.