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IJCRR - 6(21), November, 2014

Pages: 51-63

Date of Publication: 11-Nov-2014


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THE GENUS OSCILLATORIA VAUCHER (OSCILLATORIALES: CYANOPROKARYOTA) IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA

Author: Jayanta Sikdar, Jai Prakash Keshri

Category: General Sciences

Abstract:In spite of its ubiquitous occurrence our knowledge about Cyanoprokaryotes of tropical countries is not proper (Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005). Oscillatoria Vaucher is the most ubiquitous genus of Oscillatoriales of Cyanoprokaryota growing in almost all accessible habitats starting from hot springs to snow-fed rocky areas. Its adaptability to different climatic conditions is marvelous. In India Oscillatoria Vaucher is represented by over 76 species (Desikachary 1959, Anand, 1989, 1998). During systematic investigations on the algal flora of West Bengal the authors recorded following species of Oscillatoria viz O. obscura Br\?hl et Biswas, O. sancta (K\?tzing) Gomont, O. simplicissima Gomont, O. anguina (Bory) Gomont, O. subbrevis Schmidle, O. nitida Škorbatov, O. proboscidea Gomont, O. tenuis Agardh ex Gomont, O. salina Biswas, O. princeps Vaucher ex Gomont, O. raoi DeToni, J., O. limosa Agardh ex Gomont, O. amoena (K\?tzing) Gomont, O. vizagapatnesis Rao, C.B., O. okeni Agardh ex Gomont and O. laete-virens (Crouan) Gomont. The distributions of different species have been discussed. O. simplicissima, O. princeps, O. subbrevis, O. sancta and O. tenuis are most common species in unpolluted habitats where as O. limosa is common in polluted habitats. O. nitida appears to be the first Cyanoprokaryote recorded in India.

Keywords: Oscillatoriales, Cyanoprokaryotes, West Bengal, India

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION
In spite of good quantum of work done on Indian Cyanoprokaryotes our knowledge about this group is not proper. According to the world authorities (Komárek and Anagnostidis 1999, 2005) this knowledge is to be updated at least in the tropical countries. Investigations in India have been done in scattered manner. This venture has been taken to fill the lacuna concentrating genus and area wise. In this investigation the genus Oscillatoria Vaucher has been taken into consideration. It is represented by over 76 species (Desikachary 1959, Anand, 1989, 1998) in India. The distributional records however need to be checked all over the country because of its various roles in wide climatic conditions and due to its wide ecological adaptability. Keeping this fact in mind the present investigation has been done. In this account following 16 species of the genus Oscillatoria have been recorded from Singur block, Hooghly district of West Bengal. Cyanoprokaryotes of West Bengal has been studied by several workers. Biswas (1925) worked on road slimes of Calcutta. Banerji (1938) reported some cyanoprokaryotes of adjoining area from Calcutta. Jana and Sarkar (1971) reported few cyanoprokaryotes from the thermal springs in Bakreshwar. Mukhopadhyay and Chatterjee (1981) prepared a checklist of cyanoprokaryota in the rice field of 24-Pargana district. Pal and Santra (1982) worked on Murshidabad district. Sen et al. (1987, 1998) worked on Gangetic planes of West Bengal. Santra et al (1988) provided information on cyanoprokaryotes of saline habitats. Sen and Naskar (2003) worked on the flora unusual habitats of Sundarban. Sinha and Mukerjee (1975a, 1975b and 1984) investigated the cyanoprokaryota of Bankura district. Some other works have been done by Gupta (1965, 1975), Gupta and Sen (1987a, 1987b), Brühl and Biswas (1922a, 1922b), Prain (1905), Naskar et al., 2008, Chakraborty et al. 2010 and Keshri and Chatterjee (2010).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The Singur block is part of the Hooghly district of West Bengal from which the samples have been collected throughout the year. Freshly collected materials were stored in 5% formalin in polythene bags (size 4” X 3”), tagged and ecological notes recorded in field data book. Lugol’s Iodine in the ratio of 1:100 of water samples were sometimes used for phytoplanktonic samples. pH and temperature of the water bodies were measured using pH paper (Merck indicator range 1-10). 10% glycerin or G.F.W. solution (Bando1988) was used as mountant for microscopical observation. Algal specimens were worked out with Olympus GB compound microscope. Camera Lucida drawings were made for identification up to species level and digital photographs were also taken from the Carl Zeiss Axiostar microscope with Axio vision 4.8 software. Algal materials were identified with the help of standard literature (Desikachary 1959, Prescott 1962, Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005).

RESULTS
Following sixteen taxa of Oscillatoria have been recorded in this investigation

1. Oscillatoria limosa Agardh ex Gomont 1892
Geitler 1932, page 944, figure 598d; Desikachary 1959, page 206, plate 42, figure 11; Prescott 1962, page 489, plate 109, figure 17; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 593, figure 886. Thallus dark blue green, trichome straight, not constricted at the cross-walls, 10 µm broad and 4 µm long, granules uniformly distributed, end cell rounded and thickened, apex not attenuated, cross walls frequently granulated. Collection No. JS-49; Date: - 18/11/2011 pH:- 6.5; Temperature- 30°C; Place:- Near Singur Health Center, West Bengal. Habitat: - Aquatic, lodged on the surface of a stagnant polluted water body. Distribution in India:- Andhra Pradesh (Ghousuddin, 1937; Munawar, 1974; Rao, 1977); Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Bihar (Vasishta, 1968); Gujarat (Kamat, 1962-63; Gupta, 1964); Himachal Pradesh (Vasishta, 1968; Kumar et al., 2013); Uttarakhand (Gupta, 2005); Jammu and Kashmir (Anand, 1979); Karnataka (Bharati and Bongale, 1975a, 1975b; Bongale and Bharati, 1980a); Kerala (Shaji and Panikkar, 1994); Maharashtra (Vasishta, 1968; Kamat, 1968b; Tiwari, 1972, 1975; Ashtekar and Kamat, 1980; Kumawat and Jawale, 2006); Odisha (Rao, 1939; Mohanty, 1982; Dash et al., 2011), Panjab (Vasishta, 1961, Prasad and Srivastava, 1965a; Sarma and Kanta, 1978); Tamil Nadu (Ganapati, 1940, Ramkrishnan and Kannan, 1992; Subramaniyan et al., 2012; Ramanathan et al., 2013); Uttar Pradesh (Ahmad, 1967, 1972; Kumar, 1970; Singh et al., 1970; Khan and Kumari, 1972; Khan and Rawat, 1972; Pal and Yadav, 1974; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Darbal et al., 1978; Rai and Kumar, 1979; Prasad and Mehrotra, 1980; Pandey, 1982; Pandey and Pandey, 1982; Misra and Srivastava, 2005; Tiwari and Chauhan, 2006; Misra et al., 2008), West Bengal (Martens, 1870, 1871, Prain, 1905; Biswas, 1927, 1942; Kachroo, 1959; Chatterjee et al., 1980; Sen and Gupta, 1998; Naskar et al., 2008; Chakraborty et al. 2010, Sen Sarkar et al., 2013)

2. Oscillatoria simplicissima Gomont 1892
Synonym: Phormidium simplicissimum (Gomont) Anagnostidis and Komárek 1988 Geitler 1932, page 961; Desikachary 1959, page 224; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 586, figure 876. Thallus light green, not constricted at the cross-walls, trichome more or less straight, 6-8 µm broad and 4 µm long, granule uniformly distributed, end cell rounded, not capitate. Collection No. JS-26, 142, 145, 157; Date: - 25/10/2011, 28/01/2012 pH:- 6, Temperature- 28°C; Place:- Near Singur Abani Maidan, West Bengal. Habitat: - Attached on the aquatic weeds in a small water body. Distribution in India:- Punjab (Sarma and Kanta, 1978); Karnataka (Kamat, 1972); Mahrashtra (Bhosale et al.. 2012); Madhya Pradesh (Sharma and Naik, 1996); Odisha (Dash et al., 2011); Uttar Pradesh (Kumar, 1970; Pal and Yadav, 1974; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Pal, 1975); West Bengal (Sen and Gupta, 1998; Chakraborty et al. 2010).

3. Oscillatoria sancta (Kützing) Gomont 1892
Desikachary 1959, page 203, plate 42, figure 10; Geitler 1932, page 943, figure 598c; Prescott 1962, page 490, plate 110, figure 4; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 594, figure 890. Thallus dark blue green, mucilaginous sheath present, trichome more or less straight, constricted at the crosswalls, 12 µm broad and 6 µm long, end cell hemispherical and attenuated, slightly capitate with a thickened membrane. Collection No. JS-228; Date: - 17/03/2012 pH: -7; Temperature- 30°C; Place:- Beside Singur Mahamaya High School, West Bengal. Habitat: - Lodged on the surface of aquatic weeds. Distribution in India:-Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Bihar (Rao, 1939; Vasishta, 1968; Sinha and Srivastava, 1980); Delhi (Rao, 1940); Himachal Pradesh (Vasishta, 1968); Jammu and Kashmir (Kant and Kachroo, 1975); Kar-nataka (Gonzalves and Joshi, 1946; Vasishta, 1968); Odisha (Rao, 1939; Rao and Pattnaik, 1975; Mohanty, 1982); Punjab (Vasishta, 1961; Grover and Pandhol, 1975; Pandhol and Grover, 1976; Sarma and Kanta, 1978); Maharashtra (Karande et al., 2012; Patil and Neelima, 2013); Uttar Pradesh (Rao, 1937; Gupta, 1956; Singh, 1959a; Bendre and Kumar, 1975, Pal, 1975; Prasad and Mehrotra, 1980; Prasad and Saxena, 1980; Pandey and Pandey, 1982); West Bengal (Banerji, 1938; Kachroo, 1959; Sen and Gupta, 1998)

4. Oscillatoria obscura Brühl et Biswas 1922
Brühl et Biswas 1922, page 6, plate 2, figure 9; Geitler 1932, page 945; Desikachary 1959, page 207; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 599. Trichome 4 µm broad and 2 µm long, end cell rounded, nearly straight, thallus blue green colour, constriction not present at the cross-walls, cross wall granulated, trichome attenuated at the apex. Collection No. JS-141; Date: - 28/01/2012 pH:- 6.5; Temperature- 32°C; Place:- Near Singur Abani Maidan, West Bengal. Habitat: - Aquatic, attached on an aquatic weed in a rice field. Distribution in India:- Uttar Pradesh (Rao, 1937; Pandey, 1965a; Kumar 1970; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Prasad and Mehrotra, 1980; Pal, 1975; Chadha and Pandey, 1983; Tiwari and Chauhan, 2006); Bihar (Laloraya and Mitra, 1973; Jha et al., 1986); Odisha (Rao, 1938a; Laloraya and Mitra, 1973; Mohanty, 1982); Andra Pradesh (Laloraya and Mitra,1973); Karnataka (Bongale and Bharati, 1980; Somashekar and Ramaswamy, 1984); Punjab (Grover and Pandhol, 1975; Pandhol and Grover, 1976); Jammu and Kashmir (Goyal et al., 1984); Madhya Pradesh (Sharma and Naik, 1996); West Bengal (Laloraya and Mitra, 1973, Sinha and Mukherjee, 1975b; Pal and Santra, 1982; Sen and Gupta, 1998; Chakraborty et al. 2010).

5. Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle 1901
Geitler 1932, page 946, figure 601b; Desikachary 1959, page 207, plate 37, figure 2 and plate 40, figure 1; Prescott 1962, page 491, plate 107, figure 23; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 587, figure 878; Thallus yellow green, trichome almost straight, constriation absent at the cross-walls, 8 µm broad and 4 µm long, end cell capitate. Collection No. JS-32, 49; Date:- 05/11/2011 pH: - 6.5; Temperature- 32°C; Place:- Near Singur Co-operative Bank, West Bengal. Habitat:-Floating on the water body and attached with weeds. Distribution in India:- Assam (Baruah et al. 2009; Deka and Sarma, 2011); Maharashtra (Dixit 1936; Gonzalves and Joshi, 1943; Vasishta, 1968; Marathe and Sontakke, 1977; Tarar and Kelkar, 1979; Bharate and Tarar, 1982; Thomas and Gonzalves 1965; Ansari et al. 2012; Nandan and Ahuja 2010; Thakur and Behere 2008; Patil and Nandan 2011; Tarar and Mazumdar 1981; Charian 2010a; Charian 2010b; Kumawat and Jawale 2006, Patil and  Neelima. 2013; Karande et al., 2012); Jammu and Kasmir (Prasad and Srivastava 1965); Uttar Pradesh (Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Misra et al. 2008; Tiwari and Chauhan 2006; Misra et al., 2008; Singh 1959a; Singh 1959b; Dubey et al. 2010; Goyal et al. 2008; Gupta and Agrawal 2008; Dwivedi 2010; Singh and Saxena 1969; Rao, 1936; Prasad and Srivastava, 1965, 1968; Pandey, 1969; Khan, 1970; Kumar, 1970; Singh and Chaturvedi, 1970; Pal and Yadav, 1974; Pal, 1975; Rai and Kumar, 1976, 1979; Prasad and Saxena, 1980; Pandey, 1982a); Arunachal Pradesh (Sudhakar and Venkateswarlu 1989; Mikter et al. 2006); Tamil Nadu (Anand and Subramanian, 1994; Muthukumar et al. 2007; Kasthuri et al. 2011; Sugumar et al. 2011; Balasingh 2010; Nagasathya and Thajuddin 2008; Senthilkumar and Sivakumar 2008; Kannan and Vasantha 1992; Sankaran 1998; Vetriselvi et al. 2011; Singh and Balasingh 2011; Vijayakumar et al. 2007; Anand and Subramanian 1994; Subramaniyan et al., 2012; Madhumathi and Vijayakumar, 2013); Punjab (Singh 1941; Vasishta, 1960b; Prasad and Srivastava, 1965; Grover and Pandhol, 1975; Pandhol and Grover, 1976; Sarma and Kant, 1978); Karnataka (Bharati and Bongle, 1975a; Bongale and Bharati, 1980a; Basavarajappa et al. 2010; Kumar and Hosmani 2010; Somashekar and Ramaswami 1984); Madhya Pradesh (Garg and Garg 2002; Singh and Samdariya 2006), Jharkhand (Kumar and Sahu 2012); Bihar (Saha and Wujek 1989; Kumar and Choudhary 2009; Bharadwaja 1963); Kerala (Shaji and Panikkar 1994; Senthil et al. 2012); Odisha (Dash et al., 2011); Rajasthan (Vishnoi and Srivastava 2006); Andhra Pradesh (Reddy and Venkateswarlu 1992; Reddy and Venkateswarlu 1985); Arunachal Pradesh (Singh et al. 1997); Sikkim (Suseela and Toppo, 2004); Odisha (Dey et al. 2010; Dash et al. 2011); West Bengal (Sen and Gupta, 1998; Sen and Gupta 1998; Naskar et al. 2008; Chakraborty et al. 2010); Gujarat (Gupta, 1964); Himachal Pradesh (Vasishta, 1968); Kerala (Shaji and Panikkar, 1994); Uttarakhand (Gupta, 2005).

6. Oscillatoria anguina (Bory) Gomont 1892
Desikachary 1959, page 210, plate 38, figure 11; Geitler 1932, page 948, figure 599b; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 592, figure 885; Prescott 1962, page 485, plate 108, figure 24. Thallus yellowish green, trichome almost straight, constriction absent at the cross-walls, 8 µm broad and 4 µm long, end cell capitate and slightly thickened membrane present, cross walls more or less granulated. Collection No. JS-8; Date: 09/08/2011 pH:- 7; Temperature- 31°C; Place:- Beside Singur station, West Bengal. Habitat:- Aquatic, lodged on weeds in a small stagnant water body. Distribution in India: - Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Uttar Pradesh (Pandey, 1965); Odisha (Mohanty, 1982); Bihar (Rao, 1939); Delhi (Rao, 1940); West Bengal (Mukhopadhyay and  Chatterjee, 1981)

7. Oscillatoria salina Biswas 1926
Synonym: Oscillatoria indica P.C.Silva 1996 Geitler 1932, page 979, figure 624; Desikachary 1959, page 239; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 601, figure 906. Thallus blue green, trichome more or less straight, end of the trichome arcuated and pointed constriction not present at the cross-walls, cells 4 µm broad and 2 µm long, end cell not capitate, calyptra absent. Collection No. JS-51; Date: - 05/11/2011 pH:- 7; Temperature- 30°C; Place:- Near Singur Co-operative Bank, West Bengal.. Habitat: - Aquatic, lodged on the surface of the submerged aquatic plants. Distribution in India:- Goa (Modassir and Ansari, 2011); Kerala (Shaji and Panikkar, 1994); Maharashtra (Ashtekar and Kamat, 1980); Tamil Nadu (Anand and Subramanian, 1994; Nedumaran and Manokaran, 2009; Sugumar et al., 2011; Subramaniyan et al., 2012; Silambarasan et al., 2012, Madhumathi and Vijayakumar, 2013; Ramanathan et al., 2013); Uttar Pradesh (Prasad and Mehrota, 1980); West Bengal (Banerji, 1938; Sen and Gupta, 1998; Chakraborty et al., 2010)

8. Oscillatoria tenuis Agardh ex Gomont 1892
Geitler 1932, page 959, figure 611f, g; Desikachary 1959, page 222, plate 42, figure 15; Prescott 1962, page 491, plate 110, figure 8, 9, 14; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 587, figure 878. Thallus blue green, trichome straight, constriction not present at the cross-walls, cell 6 µm broad and 4 µm long, granule present uniformly. Collection No. JS-58, 158, Date: - 18/11/2011, 28/01/2012 pH:- 6.5; Temperature- 28°C; Place:- Beside Mahamaya High School, West Bengal. Habitat: - Aquatic, lodged on the aquatic weeds in a rice field. Distribution in India:- Andhra Pradesh (Ghusuddin, 1937; Zafar, 1968); Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Bihar (Rao, 1939, Vasishta, 1968); Delhi (Rao, 1940); Gujarat (Kamat, 1962-63; Vasishta, 1968; Marathe and Choudhari, 1976); Kerala (Shaji and Panikkar, 1994); Himachal Pradesh (Kamat, 1968a; Vasishta, 1968); Karnataka (Kamat, 1972); Maharashtra (Gonzalves and Joshi, 1946; Kamat, 1963b; Vasishta, 1968; Ashtekar and  Kamat, 1980; Kumawat and Jawale, 2006); Manipur (Brühl and Biswas, 1926); Madhya Pradesh (Sharma and Naik, 1996); Odisha (Rao, 1939; Mohanty, 1982; Dash et al., 2011); Tamil Nadu (Fremy, 1942; Ramkrishnan and Kannan, 1992; Anand and Subramanian, 1994; Silambarasan et al., 2012, Subramaniyan et al., 2012; Madhumathi and Vijayakumar, 2013; Ramanathan et al., 2013); Uttar Pradesh (Rao, 1937; Saxena, 1960; Prasad, 1964-65; Kumar, 1970; Singh et al., 1970, Ahmad, 1972; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Pal, 1975; Darbel et al., 1978; Prasad and Saxena, 1980; Misra and Srivastava, 2005; Tiwari and Chauhan, 2006; Misra et al., 2008); West Bengal (Martens, 1870; Prain, 1905; Brühl and Biswas, 1922; Biswas, 1925, 1927, 1942; Banerji, 1938; Vasishta, 1968; Chakraborty et al. 2010).

9. Oscillatoria proboscidea Gomont 1892
Geitler 1932, page 948, figure 598b; Desikachary 1959, page 211, plate 38, figure 9; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 596, figure 891; Thallus pale green colour, trichome straight, constriation absent at the cross-walls, cell 8 µm broad and 4 µm long, tip portion capitate. Collection No. JS-71; Date: - 30/11/2011 pH:- 7.5; Temperature- 32°C; Place:- Near Singur Health center, West Bengal. Habitat: Aquatic, lodged on the submerged bamboo leaves. Distribution in India:- Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Andhra Pradesh (Sarojini, 1996); Bihar (Vasishta,1968; Sinha and Srivastava, 1980); Delhi (Rao, 1940); Gujrat (Vasishta, 1968); Himachal Pradesh (Vasishta, 1968; Kumar et al., 2013); Karnataka (Bongale and Bharati, 1980a); Madhya Pradesh (Tiwari, 1972, 1975); Maharashtra (Gonzalves, 1947; Vasishta, 1968; Tiwari, 1972; 1975; Kamat, 1975; Kumawat and Jawale, 2006); Tamil Nadu (Tiwari, 1972; 1975; Anand and Subramanian, 1994; Subramaniyan et al., 2012); Uttar Pradesh (Singh, 1939a, 1939b, Venkataraman, 1958; Pandey, 1965a, 1965b; Ahmad, 1967; Khan, 1970; Kumar, 1970; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Pal, 1975; Chaturvedi and Pandey, 1976; Darbal et al., 1978; Tiwari and Chauhan, 2006); West Bengal (Vasishta, 1968; Sinha and Mukherjee, 1975; Naskar et al., 2008) 10. Oscillatoria nitida Škorbatov 1923 Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 586, figure 875 Thallus green colour, constriation absent at the crosswalls, cells 8 µm broad and 4 µm long, trichome straight, tip portion rounded, granule uniformly present. Collection No. JS-68; Date: - 30/11/2011 pH:- 7; Temperature- 31°; Place:- Near Singur Abani Maidan, West Bengal. Habitat: - Growing on the surface of a stagnant water body. Distribution in India:- This is probably the first record of the species from India. 11. Oscillatoria raoi DeToni, J. 1939 Desikachary 1959, page 223, plate 42, figure 16-19 Thallus light green colour, trichome more or less straight, constriction not present at the joints, cells 5 µm broad and 4 µm long, end cell more or less rounded not capitate, without any calyptra. Collection No. JS-34, 155; Date: - 05/11/2011, 28/01/2012 pH:- 7; Temperature- 29°C; Place:- Near Singur Co-operative Bank, West Bengal. Habitat: - Aquatic, found in the stagnant water in a rice field. Distribution in India:- Karnataka (Somashekar , 1984); Uttar Pradesh (Kumar, 1970; Pal, 1975; Bendre and Kumar, 1975); Punjab (Pandhol and Grover, 1976; Sarma and Kant, 1978); Maharashtra (Bhoge and Ragothaman, 1986; Kumawat and Jawale 2006); West Bengal (Sinha and Mukherjee, 1984; Chakraborty et al. 2010). 12. Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher ex Gomont 1982 Desikachary 1959, page 210, plate 37, figure 1, 10, 11, 13, 14; Geitler 1932, page 947, figure 598a, 601c-g; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 590, figure 883; Prescott 1962, page 489, plate 110, figure 1. Thallus blue green, slightly curved, constriction absent at the cross-walls, 6 µm long and 24 µm broad, end cell slightly capitates. Collection No. JS-15; Date: - 09/08/2011 pH:- 6.5; Temperature- 30°C; Place:- Beside Singur station, West Bengal. Habitat: - Whitish green algal mass, attached on the surface of the aquatic plants. Distribution in India:- Andhra Pradesh (Ghousuddin, 1937; Venkateswarlu, 1976; Sarojini, 1996); Assam (Biswas, 1934; Deka and Sarma, 2011); Delhi (Rao, 1940); Gujarat (Gupta, 1964; Patel et al., 1974); Himachal Pradesh (Kumar et al., 2013); Jammu and Kashmir (Subba-Raju, 1963; Mir and Suri, 1975; Anand, 1976, 1979); Karnataka (Srinivasan, 1963; Kamat, 1972; Tiwari, 1972, 1975; Bongale and Bharati, 1980a, 1980b); Kerala (Suxena et al., 1973; Shaji and Panikkar, 1994); Madhya Pradesh (Bendre and Agarkar, 1965; Agarkar, 1967; Tiwari, 1972, 1975; Dikshit and Agarkar, 1974); Maharashtra (Dixit, 1936; Kamat, 1963b; 1974; Palli,1975; Kumawat and Jawale, 2006); Odisha (Rao, 1939; Mohanty, 1982; Dash et al., 2011; Das andv Adhikary, 2012; Patil and Neelima. 2013); Punjab (Vasishta, 1963; Grover and Pandhol,1975; Pandhol and Grover, 1976); Rajasthan (Goyal, 1964); Tamil Nadu (Rao, 1938b; Tiwari, 1972, 1975; Ramkrishnan and Kannan, 1992; Anand and Subramanian, 1994; Subramaniyan et al., 2012; Madhumathi and Vijayakumar, 2013); Uttar Pradesh (Rao, 1936; Mitra, 1961; Gupta, 1957; Singh, 1959b; Saxena, 1960; Gupta and Nair, 1962; Prasad, 1964-65; Das et al., 1965; Gupta and Srivastava, 1965; Gupta, 1966; Shukla, 1966; Kumar, 1970; Singh et al., 1970; Pal and Yadav, 1974; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Chaturvedi and Pandey, 1976; Rai and Kumar, 1976, 1979; Darbal et al., 1978; Prasad and Saxena, 1980; Pandey, 1982a; Misra and Srivastava, 2005; Tiwari and Chauhan, 2006; Misra et al., 2008); Uttarakhand (Gupta, 2005); West Bengal (Biswas, 1925, 1927, 1949; Banerji, 1938; Kachroo, 1959; Sinha and Mukherjee, 1975; Sen and Gupta, 1998; Chakraborty et al. 2010) This appears to be the one of the most common species of Oscillatoria in India. 13. Oscillatoria okeni Agardh ex Gomont 1892 Synonym: Phormidium okenii (C. Agardh) Anagnostidis and Komárek 1988 Desikachary 1959, page 231, plate 38, figure 17 Thallus yellowish green, trichome more or less straight, constriction at the cross-walls, 4-5 µm broad and 4 µm long, end cell attenuated, slightly bent, undulating, end cell not capitate, without calyptra. Collection No. JS-69,117; Date: - 12/01/2012 pH:- 7; Temperature- 32°C; Place:- Near Singur Co-operative Bank, West Bengal. Habitat: - Aquatic, lodged on the aquatic plants in a rice field.

Distribution in India:- Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Uttar Pradesh (Rao 1937, Kumar, 1970; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Chaturvedi and Pandey 1976, Pandey and Chaturvedi 1979, Chadha and Pandey 1983; Singh and Suxena 1969; Tiwari and Chauhan 2006; Mishra et al. 2008); Andra Pradesh (Sarojini 1996); Arunachal Pradesh (Singh et al. 1997); Delhi (Suryaprakasa 1940); Odisha (Rao 1938a; Ghadai et al. 2010; Mohanty 1982); Southern east coast of India (Thajuddin and Subramanian 1992); Tamil Nadu (Tiwari 1972; Deepa et al. 2011; Subramaniyan et al., 2012); Madhya Pradesh (Singh and Samdariya 2006); Bihar (Ranjana et al. 1998); Uttarakhand (Shukla et al. 2009); Maharashtra (Kamat 1963a; Kamat 1975); Punjab (Pandhol and Grover 1976, Sarma and Kanta 1978); Kerala (Parukutty 1940); West Bengal (Sinha and Mukherjee 1975a, Sen Sarkar et al. 2013); Karnataka (Kamat, 1972). 14. Oscillatoria vizagapatnesis Rao, C.B. 1938 Rao, C.B. 1938, page89, figure 1-3; Desikachary 1959, page 205, plate 39, figure 16,18; Komárek and Anagnostidis 2005, page 602, figure 909 Thallus yellowish green colour, trichome straight, 12 µm broad and 4 µm long, without constriction at the crosswalls, tip portion elliptical forming cap like structure. Collection No. JS-126; Date:- 12/01/2012 pH: - 7; Temperature- 29°C; Place:- Near Singur Abani Maidan, West Bengal. Habitat: - Light green, growing on the moist soil. Distribution in India:- Andhra Pradesh (Rao, 1938b); Assam (Deka and Sarma, 2011); Gujrat (Vaidya and Upadhayaya, 1968); Jammu and Kashmir (Anand, 1976, 1979); Karnataka (Kamat, 1972); Kerala (Shaji and Panikkar, 1994); Madhya Pradesh (Tiwari, 1972, 1975); Maharashtra (Patil and Neelima. 2013); Rajasthan (Anantani and Marathe, 1972); Odisha (Sethi et al., 2012); Tamil Nadu (Tiwari, 1972; 1975); Uttar Pradsh (Khan, 1970; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Pal, 1975); West Bengal (Chakraborty et al. 2010; Sen Sarkar et al., 2013). 15. Oscillatoria amoena (Kützing) Gomont 1892 Desikachary 1959, page 230, plate 40, figure 12; Prescott 1962, page 484, plate 109, figure 2-4. Thallus light green colour, trichome straight, end cell slightly attenuated, 8 µm broad and 4 µm long, end cells capitate, slightly constricted at the cell walls, granule uniformly distributed, end cell with calyptra. Collection No. JS-32, 49; Date: - 05/11/2011 pH: - 6.5; Temperature- 30°C; Place:- Beside Singur Mahamaya High School, West Bengal. Habitat: - Attached on the surface of the bamboo in a shaded area in a small water body. Distribution in India:- Uttar Pradesh (Chaturvedi and Pandey, 1976; Prasad and Mehrotra, 1980); Karnataka (Bongale and Bharati, 1980; Somashekar and Ramaswamy, 1984); Jammu and Kashmir (Goyal et al., 1984); Madhya Pradesh (Mishra and Purohit, 1979); Punjab (Sarma et al., 1979); West Bengal (Sinha and Mukherjee, 1975b; Mkhopadhyay and Chatterjee, 1981). 16. Oscillatoria laete-virens P.L.Crouan and H.M.Crouan ex Gomont 1892 Synonym: Phormidium laetevirens (P.L.Crouan and H.M.Crouan ex Gomont) Anagnostidis and Komárek 1988 Geitler 1932, page 949, figure 603c; Desikachary 1959, page 213. Thallus blue green in colour, trichome slightly bent at tip portion, cross wall slightly constricted, 4 µm broad and 6 µm long, apical part slightly attenuated and bent, cells more or less as long as broad, end cell not capitates, without calyptras. Collection No. JS-131; Date: - 28/01/2012 pH:- 7; Temperature- 30°C; Place:- Beside Singur station, West Bengal. Habitat: - Aquatic, attached on aquatic weeds. Distribution in India:- Gujarat (Vasishta, 1968); Himachal Pradesh (Vasishta, 1968; Kumar et al., 2013); Karnataka (Bongale and Bharati, 1980a); Maharashtra (Kumawat and Jawale, 2006); Uttar Pradesh (Gupta, 1975; Singh, 1961; Gupta and Nair, 1962; Gupta, 1966; Pandey, 1965a. 1965b; Pandey, 1969, 1970; Khan and Kumari, 1972; Pal and Yadav, 1974; Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Chaturvedi and Pandey, 1976; Pandey and Chaturvedi, 1979; Prasad and Mehrota, 1980; Prasad and Saxena, 1942; Kumar, 1970), Madhya Pradesh (Sharma and Naik, 1996); Andhra Pradesh (Sarojini, 1996); Tamil Nadu (Subramaniyan et al., 2012; Madhumathi and Vijayakumar, 2013). DISCUSSION During the course of investigation it has been observed that O. simplicissima, O. princeps, O. subbrevis, O. sancta and O. tenuis are most dominant species in unpolluted habitats and O. limosa is common in polluted habitats. From this studies we can easily explain the ecological preferences of various species of Oscillatoria and role of some of them (O. limosa) as pollution indicator.

CONCLUSION
Under this study we recorded 16 species of Oscillatoria Vaucher from various localities of Singur block of Hooghly district of West Bengal. Actually these types of studies pinpoint the habitat specified knowledge of this group of algae in the concerned area. As we all know that cyanoprokaryotic members can withstand a wide ecological regime this study will also help to fill the existing lacunae in our knowledge of the biodiversity of the group in this country. In this study we found O. simplicissima, O. princeps, O. subbrevis, O. sancta and O. tenuis as most common species in unpolluted habitats where as O. limosa is common in polluted habitats. O. nitida appears to be the first Cyanoprokaryote recorded in India.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors thankful to the Head, The department of Botany, The University of Burdwan for proving the necessary laboratory facilities and one of the authors Mr. Jayanta Sikdar is also thankful to University Grants commission (UGC), New Delhi, for providing financial assistance under RGNFS scheme. Authors acknowledge the immense help received from the scholars whose articles are cited and included in references of this manuscript. The authors are also grateful to authors / editors / publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature for this article has been reviewed and discussed.

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LEGEND TO FIGURES
Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher ex Gomont; Plate I, Figure 1 and Plate III, Figure 29 Oscillatoria simplicissima Gomont; Plate I, Figure 2 and Plate III, Figure 24 Oscillatoria laete-virens PAGEL.Crouan and H.M.Crouan ex Gomont; Plate I, Figure 3 Oscillatoria vizagapatnesis Rao, C.B.; Plate I, Figure 4 Oscillatoria proboscidea Gomont; Plate I, Figure 5 and Plate III, Figure 18 Oscillatoria anguina (Bory) Gomont; Plate I, Figure 6 and Plate III, Figure 30 Oscillatoria limosa Agardh ex Gomont; Plate II, Figure 7 and Plate III, Figure 17 Oscillatoria nitida Škorbatov; Plate II, Figure 8 and Plate III, Figure 25 Oscillatoria raoi DeToni, J.; Plate II, Figure 9 and Plate III, Figure 20 Oscillatoria sancta (Kützing) Gomont; Plate II, Figure 10 and Plate III, Figure 22 Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle; Plate II, Figure 11 and Plate III, Figure 19 Oscillatoria salina Biswas; Plate II, Figure 12 and Plate III, Figure 23 Oscillatoria tenuis Agardh ex Gomont; Plate II, Figure 13 and Plate III, Figure 21 Oscillatoria okeni Agardh ex Gomont; Plate II, Figure 14 and Plate III, Figure 27 Oscillatoria amoena (Kützing) Gomont; Plate II, Figure 15 and Plate III, Figure 28 Oscillatoria obscura Brühl et Biswas; Plate II, Figure 16 and Plate III, Figure 26 Study Area: - Plate IV

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Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

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One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

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Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11
A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05
A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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