International Journal of Current Research and Review
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IJCRR - 14(6), March, 2022

Pages: 51-58

Date of Publication: 15-Mar-2022


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Tooth Loss and its Association with the Number of Children and Interpregnancy Interval: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Yemeni Women

Author: Anas Shamala, Ebtesam Al-Maimooni, Salsbeel Al-Matari, Ryhana Hiyat, Mohammed Ali Al-wesabi, Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri, Mohammad Zakaria Nassani, Esam Halboub

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Introduction: Physiological pregnancy changes can negatively impact the oral health of pregnant women.
Objectives: The present study sought to assess tooth loss among a sample of Yemeni women in association with the number of children and interpregnancy interval.
Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 644 Yemeni women. The subjects were interviewed to collect relevant socio-demographic factors, including age, education, and number of children. Oral hygiene practices as well as oral habits (such as qat chewing and smoking) were also recorded. Number of missing teeth was ascertained through clinical examination.
Results: Around 644 women aged between 16 and 51 years participated in the study. Overall, the participants revealed poor oral hygiene practices, with only one-fifth of the sample reported brushing their teeth regularly (i.e., at least once a day), and around 36.8% reported using dental aids occasionally. Some 52% and 21% of the sample were qat chewers and smokers, respectively. The mean number of tooth loss and the number of children were 4.7 and 4.15, respectively; approximately 54% of the participating women had more than 3 children. The logistic regression revealed a significant association between the number of children and tooth loss.
Conclusion: Yemeni women showed unsatisfactory oral hygiene practices and a high prevalence of tooth loss which increased proportionally with the number of children and interpregnancy interval. This emphasizes the importance of effective oral hygiene motivation and health education among females during pregnancy periods.

Keywords: Giving birth pregnant, Interpregnancy interval, Oral hygiene, Tooth loss, Qat chewing, Yemen

Full Text:

Introduction

Dental diseases are amongst the most prevalent health issues worldwide. 1[A1]  In particular, the tooth loss is a significant health burden that gravely impacts the patients’ quality of life. 2 Tooth loss is considered a marker of both periodontal disease and dental caries, though teeth can be lost due to other reasons such as trauma. 3 The former, periodontal disease, is a very common chronic condition affecting a considerable proportion of the adult population worldwide. 4 It is characterized by progressive inflammatory destruction of tooth-supporting structures in response to dental biofilm. 5,6 If untreated, periodontal disease may progress, destroying soft and hard tissues surrounding the tooth, causing attachment loss, tooth mobility and eventually tooth loss and edentulism. 4,7 The current evidence suggests that periodontal disease/tooth loss is a risk factor for several systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, respiratory diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 8-12 it is recognized that dental plaque (biofilm) is the main causative agent for periodontal diseases. 6 However, a plethora of factors including poor oral hygiene, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, advanced age, low socioeconomic status, stress, and systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and osteoporosis, and pregnancy have been reported to increase the risk and severity of periodontitis. 13-18

Pregnancy, a physiological phenomenon, has been reported as a risk factor for oral diseases including periodontitis. 19-22 It is associated with several hormonal changes that alter the gingival response to dental plaque, thus increasing its susceptibility to gingival inflammation and periodontal diseases. 20,22,23 Several studies have reported greater gingival inflammation during pregnancy. 19,21,22 and other studies reported a positive association between number of giving births and tooth loss. 24-26

In Yemen, the prevalence of dental diseases such as periodontitis, dental caries and tooth loss is amongst the highest in the world 16,27,28. This might be ascribed to the poor socioeconomic status, high prevalence of tobacco use and chewing habits, and limited human resources. 16,29-31 By and large, studies on oral health in Yemen -especially among women- are very limited, and most of these studies were conducted among males, mainly in relation to local oral habits, namely smokeless [A2] tobacco and qat chewing. 16,27,28,31,32 However, no any attempt has been made to assess the relationship between frequency of pregnancy and oral health outcomes among Yemeni women. Availability of such information is very important for planning public health prevention and promotion programs. Hence, the present study sought to: 1) assess oral health status (using tooth loss as a proxy indicator) of Yemeni women, and 2) determine the prevalence and relationship between tooth loss and number of children and interpregnancy interval among Yemeni women who attended the dental clinics, College of Dentistry, UST, Sana'a, Yemen.

Subjects and Methods:

            This study was of an observational cross-sectional design. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the research ethical committee at the University of Science and Technology (UST), Sanaa, Yemen (No: EAC/UST179). The target population was women who attended the dental clinics, College of Dentistry, UST, Sana'a, (private university) Yemen. The study was conducted during the 2018-2019 academic year: from November 2018 to April 2019. The sample size was calculated using version 3.01 of OpenEpi software for epidemiologic statistics (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA); the required sample size for 95% confidence level and power of 80%,  was 424 subjects with minimally.

            Women were included if they aged above 16 years and had a previous history of pregnancy. Women who were medically compromised or were out of the said age range were excluded.

The participants were informed about the study aims and procedures and asked to provide their consent to participate anonymously. The participant’s sheet comprised questions related to age, education, qat chewing, smoking, oral hygiene practices, oral hygiene aids, previously periodontal treatments and dental and medical history.  The sheet included also items about the frequency of pregnancy along with the number of children as to take into account for the chance of premature birth and the Interpregnancy interval period.

The study was based on the following criteria:  Frequency of pregnancy: The number of women who became pregnant throughout their life, regardless of the outcome. Also excluding premature births, we add the number of children as an independent variable as dichotomous <= 3 children /> 3 children. Interpregnancy interval period is defined as the length of time between the events of multiple pregnancy as <= 4 years /> 4 years. The number of missing teeth was presented as a mean and standard deviation,  for statistical issues, its then categorized into three categories (<= or 5, 6-10, and >10 teeth ). For the purpose of performing binary logistic regression analysis the “missing teeth” was further transformed to a dichotomous variable ("Three or less missed teeth" and "More than three teeth missed"). Third molars or teeth missing congenitally or due to previous orthodontic or traumatic treatment.  The number of missing teeth evaluated by two well-trained dentists using a sterile dental examination kit under the artificial light of the dental chair.

Intra- and inter-examiner agreements were conducted on fifty cases in two different occasions with a week interval. Kappa statistic revealed a perfect intra-examiner agreement (1) and a high level of inter-examiner reliability (0.9).

            The analysis of the collected data was carried out using the SPSS statistical package (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0, Released 2011, IBM Corp, Armonk, New York, USA). The demographics and other characteristics of study population were presented as frequency with proportion and mean with standard deviation, as appropriate. The bivariate analyses were done using independent t-test or ANOVA to identify any potential differences in the mean number of missing teeth between two or more different subgroups, respectively. Spearman’s correlation analysis was applied in order to identify any correlations between number of “missing teeth” and the number of children and interpregnancy interval. The outcome variable was “number of missing teeth”, and level of education, oral health practices including frequency of tooth brushing and using oral hygiene aids, gum bleeding, periodontal treatment, number of children, interval between pregnancy were considered as independent variables (determinants) and it added to the model using “enter” method. Odd ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and the significance level was set at P<[A3]  0.05.

Results

In total, 644 women (age range: 16-51 years) participated in the present study; most of the participants aged between 30-40 years (288, 44.7%), 28.9% were older than 40 years, and 26.4% were less than 30 years old. Around 46.2% were illiterate, 40.7% got high school education, and only 13.2% got University education.  Only one fifth of the sample reported brushing their teeth regularly (i.e, at least once a day), and around 36.8% reported occasionally using one type of oral hygiene aids. Additionally, 52% and 21% of the sample were qat chewers and smokers, respectively. The mean number of children was 4.15, with 53.6% of the participating women having more than 3 children. Among the 556 (86.3%) of sample, the Interpregnancy interval was ≤ 4 years (Table 1).

The mean number of missing teeth among the sample was 4.7.  As presented in table 2 and 3, the bivariate analysis results showed a statistically significant association between mean number of missing teeth and age, level of education, frequency of tooth brushing, oral hygiene aids type, bleeding on brushing, number of children and interval between pregnancy.

Table 4 illustrates the results of the logistic regression analysis which reveal the determinant factors for the number of missing teeth. The results showed that the number of children and age of participating women were the only independent determinants for a number of missing teeth (P < 0.01).

Discussion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluated the oral health status and its relationship with the number of children and interpregnancy interval and other independent variables among a sample of Yemeni women. We considered tooth loss as a proxy indicator of oral health (dependent variable). In fact, tooth loss is an ultimate marker of dental and periodontal diseases, though teeth can be lost due to other reasons such as trauma 3. Overall, the results showed a significant association between the number of children and number of tooth loss after controlling the other potential confounders. Additionally, the results revealed poor oral hygiene practices (only one-fifth reported brushing their teeth regularly) as well as a high prevalence of oral habits namely qat chewing  (52%) and smoking ( 23%), among Yemeni women.

The main result of the present study is a positive association between the number of children and tooth loss, a finding which is consistent with the results of many previous studies from other countries that reported a significant association between number of children and periodontal disease/tooth loss. 20,25,26,33-36 The positive association between these two phenomena could be explained by many biological mechanisms.  The first plausible explanation is the increase of progesterone and estrogen hormones during pregnancy which lead to vascular permeability and minimal host modulation and thus increasing susceptibility to dental and periodontal infections. 37 In addition, the limited access to dental health care owing to socioeconomic factors, especially in developing countries, could affect the oral health status; the effect of this factor magnifies with repeated pregnancy and giving births. 37 

Another important result of the present study is the lack of any correlation between the number of missing teeth tobacco and chewing habits. Qat chewing (also known as khat), a highly prevalent social habit in Yemen and some East African countries [A4] 38, is associated with several oral health disorders including oral keratotic lesions, periodontitis, teeth attrition, and temporomandibular joint disorders[A5]  38-41. The results of our study contradict most of the published literature conducted on adult Yemeni males which implicated qat chewing as a risk factor for periodontal signs/diseases including gingivitis, attachment loss, deep pockets and tooth loss. [A6] 16,29-31  With regard to smoking, the present study did not find a significant association with tooth loss, and this is consistent with a recent study conducted in Yemen 16, but contradicts other studies elsewhere that reported smoking as a significant risk factor for periodontal diseases and tooth loss. 42 Such unexpected findings can be ascribed to the fact that the relationship between periodontal diseases and both qat chewing and smoking is dose-dependent response; that said,  the relationship depends on many factors such as the duration of the habit practice (in years), duration per day (for qat chewing ), and frequency of chewing/smoking. 43

Unfortunately, no detailed information was obtained about the intensity/duration of these habits although 53% and 23% reported qat chewing and smoking, respectively. Another possible explanation is the negative response given by Yemeni women regarding practicing these habits due to the delicacy of this subject for cultural reasons. Thus, the real prevalence of these habits might have been underestimated.

Apart from the negative results of the present study, the deleterious effects of smoking and qat chewing on oral and systemic health have been well documented. 38,39 Hence, dental practitioners can play a pivotal role in reducing the deleterious effects of these habits. They have a commitment of educating their patients about the harmful consequences of such habits and providing them tobacco/qat cessation advice to help them quit the habits. 44

The current study provides an insight on oral health status (using tooth loss as indicator) among a sample of Yemeni women and supports the association between the number of children and tooth loss. In line with the previous literature, the results of the present study found a significant positive association between tooth loss and advance age. Also they showed a statistically significant association between mean number of missing teeth and frequency of tooth brushing, oral hygiene aids type, and bleeding on brushing. However, the present study has several limitations that should be taken into consideration. These include the following: the nature of study design (being cross-sectional study), the sample was taken from one city and one private university and hence the causality cannot be established; recall bias; and lack of reliable medical and dental records, or more accurate investigative tools to decrease the confounding factors such as systemic diseases.

Conclusion:

In summary, the current study revealed poor oral hygiene practices and high prevalence of tooth loss among Yemeni women. Of utmost importance, the higher the number of children the Yemeni women have, the higher the number the tooth loss they have. This emphasizes the importance of effective oral hygiene motivation and health education among Yemeni women at pregnancy periods. Further large-scale studies are also recommended.

Acknowledgements:

Authors sincerely thank all academic staff & administrators in the college of dentistry at university of science & technology who helped us to conduct this study. The authors are also grateful to authors / editors / publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature for this article has been reviewed and discussed.

Source of funding: the authors declare no funding

Conflict of interest:[A7]  Authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Authors’ Contribution:[A8]  Anas Shamala and Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri designed The present study and the main conceptual ideas, drafted the manuscript, provided critical feedback, helped shape the research, and supervising the diagnosis process. Ebtesam Al-Maimooni, Salsbeel Al-Matari, and Ryhana Hiyat carried out the investigation and diagnosis process and measurements that were under supervision, provided critical feedback and helped shape the research, and contributed to the final manuscript. Mohammed Al-wesabi and Esam Halboub carried out the program manipulation and measurements and discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript. Mohammad Zakaria Nassani re-write the manuscript depending on the feedback and preparing it for publication and discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

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A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
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A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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