IJCRR

INTRODUCTION

This phenomenon is called oxidative stress and is known as one of the major causes of plant damage as a result of environmental stresses¹⁵ one that produces the transcription factor in 10 times higher amounts than normal plants and another that does not produce.

it at all. It turned out that the plants with the elevated production of the HsFA1 showed increased resistant to heat stress and the plants without any transcription factor sustained severe damage.^16,7In general, coconut water reduces the amount of 2, 4-D, required to for initiation and growth of callus and it is well known that 2, 4-D, levels had a pronounced effect on callus initiation in sugarcane explants.⁸Recent developments in molecular biology and genetic transformation however, have made it possible to identify, isolate and transfer desirable genes in to sugarcane.¹⁷In dryland agriculture, the altered plants showed increased production.¹² Most of the recent research was made on Tobacco, AlfalfaandArabidopsis thaliana.^3,9

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The explants (Cytoledons) were harvested and washed with distilled water. The explants were surface sterilized in a laminar airflow hood by sequentially washing them with 5% Sodium hydrochloride containing 2-3 drops of tween 20 for 7-10 min. The explants were rinsed thrice with sterile distilled water after each sterilant for 3-5 min. the explants were harvested and dipped in water until used. Each of these MS Media contained entire sucrose as the other components these inoculated cotyledonary explants were monitored regularly for induction of micro shoots. The explants which increased at least a single micro shoot was scored as responding explants. Among the three concentrations used, 15% of coconut milk along with 0.5 mg/l BAP has proved to be ideal for multiple shoot induction MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l L-Glutamic acid favored the induction of multiple shoots which ranged from 8-10 from cotyledon segments. Tissue culture techniques have been widely used as an alternative for large-scale micropropagation and can effectively reduce the time period between selection and commercial release of new sugarcane varieties.¹¹ Explants preparation for callus initiation was done as per the protocol followed by ^13,10 The cotyledon explants inoculated on MS medium containing BAP and 2, 4-D initiated callus. The addition of NAA and BAP to the MS medium resulted in a small bud formation from callus derived from cotyledon. MS medium supplemented with 10%, 15% and 20% of coconut milk in addition to cytokinin (BAP) triggered the induction of multiple shoots.

RESULTS:

The present observations of the explants were collected from field-grown plants thought out the year to determine the ideal season for culture established. The shoots obtained were rooted, when placed on media containing 2.0 mg/l NAA + 5 mg/L BAP, resulting in the formation of plantlets with roots containing drained soil, and were covered with polythene bags 20 days in a growth chamber, in order to harden the potted plants. Well-developed plantlets were transferred to earthen pots (Table 1, Figure A-Callus). Celastruspaniculatuscotyledon explants were inoculated on MS basal medium fortified with various Cytokinins i.e, BAP and Kinetin. Coconut water also had a role in triggering the formation of multiple shoots(Figure –B). Among all the explants used, segments were the best for multiple shoot induction (Figure-C) followed by the cotyledon. Well-developed multiple shoots obtained, were carefully isolated into individual segments along with a node each, and were placed on rooting medium.

DISCUSSION:

Culturing the micro shoots for an extended period by repeatedly sub-culturing them over the same media which induced them to increase the frequency of elongation to 50%. However this attempt also could not elongate the micro shoots longer then 2-4 shoots. We also attempted to elongate the microshoots over the media with reduced agar content. The effectiveness of MS medium in inducing regeneration in the Cotyledon explants.

Table -1 In Vitro Culture Techniques From Cotyledon Explants Of CelastrusPaiculatus.

CONCLUSION

The Cotyledon explants became active within 4-6 weeks after inoculation and new shoots become distinct by the fourth week with leaves and internodes. The explants were collected from field-grown plants thought out the year. Addition of 3.0 mg/l BAP or 5.0 mg/l Kinetin the MS  medium induced shoot regeneration from the cultures and the proximal end of auxiliary region of cotyledon explants. Within a period of two weeks in culture. With an increase in the level of BAP (2.0 – 4.0 mg/l) the percentage of and cotyledon explants producing shoots also increased. We were successful in cotyledon cultures, resected in better yield of fairly good when above maintained condition. MS medium supplemented with BAP and IAA initiated the formation of callus from leaf

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