International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
logo
slider
slider
slider
slider
Bootstrap Slider

Indexed and Abstracted in: Crossref, CAS Abstracts, Publons, Google Scholar, Open J-Gate, ROAD, Indian Citation Index (ICI), ResearchGATE, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, WorldCat (World's largest network of library content and services)

Search Articles

Track manuscript

Full Html

IJCRR - 13(15), August, 2021

Pages: 36-40

Date of Publication: 10-Aug-2021


Print Article   Download XML  Download PDF

Cephalo-anatomy of Meitei Males of Manipur, India: A Diachronic Study

Author: Thoudam Bedita Devi, Soibam Jibonkumar Singh

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Introduction: Each individual on the surface of this earth has unique anatomical features which distinguishes him from others. Among such unique features, cephalo-facial characters are the most commonly used parameters employed for personal identification. Though cephalo-facial anatomy of one ethnic group differs from another, yet within the same ethnic group it may experience diachronic change. Few works have been carried out specifically on cephalo-facial features of some selected population groups of India. But no such exhaustive study has been carried out on the Meiteis of Manipur valley from a diachronic approach. Aims and Objectives: The present work aims at profiling a database of the cephalic anatomy of the Meitei adult male population of Manipur on one hand and diachronic comparison of the present findings with the findings of Singh (1992) who carried out a similar work almost three decades back from now with a view to examine if there is any secular micro-evolutionary change taking place in cephalic on the other. Methodology: The present study is conducted on randomly selected 1600 Meitei adult males of Manipur valley whose age range from 21 to 60 years. Two direct cephalo-facial measurements i.e. maximum head length and maximum head breadth have been measured employing Weiner and Lourie (1969) technique and corresponding cephalic index was calculated and classified according to the conventional categories of Labzelter and Saller (1968). Results: Based on the findings of the measures of cephalic dimensions, Meiteis dominantly have medium to long head length and head breadth with an overall head shape ranging between mesocephalic to brachycephalic. The findings reveal that among the adult Meitei males, both maximum head length and maximum head breadth have increased from the last generation to the present generation. While the cephalic index index of the present generation have lower mean value than the previous generation showing statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The present findings therefore reveal a positive secular change towards increasing head length and head breadth while a negative secular trend in cephalic index. The database derived from the findings of the present study shall definitely have clinical applications in the field of cranio-facial surgery as well as in forensic application particularly in personal identification and of cranial reconstruction of the victims of the said ethnic community.

Keywords: Manipur, Meitei, Cephalo-facial, Cephalic Index, Brachycephalic, Dolichocephalic

Full Text:

Introduction

One of the most important objectives of anatomy and anthropology lies in understanding the morphological and anatomical variation from an evolutionary and racial point of view of humankind both at the individual as well as population-level. Study of morphological and anatomical features of man, a concern of the anthropologist and anatomist have played a significant role. As far as the biological understanding of personal, ethnic and racial identity is concerned, the cephalo-facial part is the most important dissected component of the human body.

Cephalo-facial anthropology is indeed an important tool for determining the morphological and anatomical features of the head and face, which can steer the anthropological, anatomical and forensic investigations.1  At the same time, cephalo-facial dimensions and indices are the most straight forward and most efficient tool for studying racial differences2 population variations and sexual dimorphism3 identification of race, ethnicity, gender, age.4 Cephalo-facial dimensions experience change during growth and development period and reach its peak growth between 16-20 years of life and finally attains maturity after that.5, 6  Variation in head and face depend on many factors such as ethnicity, genetic influence, traditions, nutrition, certain pathological conditions, environment and climate.7

Hence driven by the need necessitates studies on the secular trend in the cephalic dimensions and indices and Meitei male populations. Secular trend in physical growth pattern is one of the biological evolutionary phenomena taking place almost in all human population groups of the world. Study on secular trend for the first time was described on human stature by Quetelet in 1835.8 But now it is not restricted to the only stature but also to axial, appendicular, facial parts of the body as well.

Though quite many scholars have worked on the secular trend in cephalo-facial measurements on different population groups of the world, the report from the Indian population is comparatively very few.  With only a few such studies in North East India, little is known concerning the cephalo-facial dimension conducted on the population of Manipur. Such a scanty nature of data on Indian population more particularly among the populations of North East India and more specifically of the population of Manipur calls for undertaking a pioneering research. Steered by this fact and not having done any work inter-generational variation of cephalic anatomy, the present research work has been carried out on the Meitei male population of Manipur valley with a view to document their cephalic profile on one hand and examine if any secular trend has taken place in cephalic anatomy from earlier generation to the present generation on the other. Keeping this in view, the present study is undertaken with an objective of preparing a database of  cranial profile of the studied population with a view to provide a baseline data for anatomical and clinical application in the field of cranial surgery and reconstruction as well as forensic application of personal identification.

Materials and Methods

The present study on the cephalo-facial profile has been carried exclusively on 1600 Meitei adult males who belonged to the age range of 21-60 years representing 400 each from four valley districts of Manipur i.e Imphal West, Imphal East, Bishnupur and Thoubal district selected randomly through multi stage random sampling method. This cross sectional sample comprising of 400 individuals each represents the four different age groups (21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60) years of age. Only those individuals with no cephalo-facial surgery/anomalies and who volunteered and gave ethical clearance and written consent were selected as subjects of the present study. The following two cephalometric measurements were taken with the help of Martin’s sliding caliper and blunted knob Martin’s spreading caliper following the techniques laid down by Weiner and Lourie (1969) on the subjects sited on a chair in a relaxed condition with the head oriented in eye ear plane. 9

Based on the two measurements, the following four relevant indices were calculated.

The two measurements and the cephalic index were classified according to the conventional categories of Labzelter and Saller (1968).10

The statistical constants such as Mean, Standard Deviation, and their respective standard error were calculated. Independent sample t-test has been used to compare the mean values with previous works. To determine statistical significance of qualitative data, Chi-Square test has also been applied. All the statistical calculations were calculated using SPSS version 22.

Results

Steered by the hypothesis that changes might have not occurred in cephalo facial measurements between the present Meitei Population and past Meitei population of Manipur, the following section delve into detail comparison of the cephalo facial parameters of present-day  adult male Meitei population of Manipur valley with that of the findings of the Singh who carried out similar work on the same population three decades back from now in a diachronic approach with an aim to see if any changes have occurred in these characters, thereby leading and directing to a secular change be it a positive one or negative one. A comparative account of these two studies is presented in the following section in a systematic and scientific approach.

As evident from table 1 that the frequency per cent distribution of maximum head length of the past and present Meitei male population fall within the classification ranging from very short to very long among the past population and short to very long among the present population. On qualitative comparison of the maximum head length of the past and present population, it is evident that highest frequency percent of maximum head length is observed in the medium class (43%), followed by short (31%), long (20%), very short (4%) and very long (2%) being the least for the past population. However, among the Meiteis of present population the highest is observed in long category (40%) followed by medium (38%), very long (13.50%) and short (8.50%). When statistically compared using chi-square test, a significant difference (χ2 = 31.651, table 2) is observed between the past and present male Meitei population of Manipur valley.

On quantitative comparison, the present population shows higher mean values (18.65±0.03 cm) than the past population (18.05±0.06 cm) thereby showing a statistically significant difference (t = 8.49, table 3). These findings, therefore reveals that a positive secular trend in the dimension of maximum head length is taking place from past generation to the present generation.

As regards the frequency per cent distribution of maximum head breadth, the highest frequency is observed in the medium-class which range between 148.0-155.0 mm in both the present (49.75%) and past (49%) populations. Medium class of maximum head breadth is followed by narrow (35%) among the past population while broad (27.00%). A very sharp variation is observed in the distribution of narrow category of head breadth between the past (35%) and present (18.25%) population. Analysis of the qualitative comparison also revealed a statistically significant difference (χ2=8.618, table 2).  Comparison of the mean values of the past population (x? = 14.99±0.05cm) and present population (x? = 15.27±0.03cm) also shows a positive secular trend as revealed by the observed statistically significant difference (t=4.80, table 3).

Considering the comparison of the head shape expressed as cephalic index (table 1), brachycephalic head is predominantly the highest frequently occurring class observed in both the population (Past study 41.00% and Present study, 39.00 %).  At the same time both the population displays a similar preponderance order of Brachycephalic > Mesocephalic > Hyperbrachycephalic > Dolichocephalic > Ultrabrachycephalic and Hyperdolichocephalic. The similarity in the frequency per cent distribution and preponderance order as well confirms statistically non-significant difference (χ2= 3.416, table 2).

However, when quantitatively compared, the mean value of the present population is experiencing a decreasing trend from the past. The difference of 1.36 in between the mean value of the past (x?=83.25 ± 0.43) and present (x?=81.89 ± 0.22) population reflects a statistically significant difference (t=2.84, table 3).

Discussion

Based on the objectives of the work, the data collected from 1600 (400 each from a districts) Meitei male adults within the age range 21-60 years of age have been statistically treated and the findings presented under the caption results.  This section shall exclusively deal with the analytical discussion of the findings of the aforesaid results.

Many of the earlier researchers studied racial affinity of the Meiteis and described as Mongoloid owing to the presence of mongoloid features.11,12,13  The present findings too reveal that Meitei males of Manipur valley possessing mongoloid features with respect to cephalic characters in general by having medium to long head length and head breadth with an overall head shape ranging between mesocephalic to brachycephalic. All these observed anatomical features of Meitei Males are mongoloid features and is in agreement with the findings of other scholars who worked on different mongoloid populations.14,15,16,17

It has been observed that Maximum Head Length and Maximum Head Breadth of the Meitei population have experienced a positive secular change towards increasing size from the last generation to the present generation. In short Meiteis of the present generation have longer and broader head than the previous generation, Looking into the cephalic index, the Meitei population of the present generation have lower mean value  than the previous generation  showing a negative secular trend showing statistically significant difference (t=2.84,). Similar findings showing a negative secular trend was also reported by Golalipour et al. who studied the Japanese population.18This negative trend is because of the more significant increase in head length (0.60 mm) as compared to head breadth (0.28mm). This finding of the present study is in agreement with those reported by Sanna et al.19 who studied the Sardinian, but contrasting to that of among whom there is a more significant increase in head breadth as compared to head length and among Japanese children.20,21Therefore, as a result of decreasing cephalic index, the population is gradually experiencing debrachycephalization. Similar findings were also reported among the Sardinian Children22,23; among the Hungarian24,25; among the Zena children26; among the Croatian27 among Russian children28 and among Ogbia tribe of Bayelsa State.29 However, the mean values of the cephalic index of both the Meitei populations indicate that their head shape falls under the brachycephalic category. Though the mean value shows a significant difference, the frequency per cent distribution of different head form between the past and present population still remains more or less the same thereby revealing no statistically significant difference between the populations as evidenced from chi-square value (χ2 = 3.416). Even though the size of the head, i.e. head length and head breadth increases, head shape remains more or less unchanged in both the populations because of the fact that head shape or form depends more on pre-established constitutional hereditary factors and less on environmental factors as compared to head size for which environmental factors have a great influence on genetic fact. 

Conclusion: On the basis of the results obtained, it can be concluded that the cephalic features  i.e. maximum head length and maximum head breadth has experienced an increase in dimensions resulting to a diachronic positive secular change during the last generation. On the other hand the ratio between head length and head breadth i.e. cephalic index of the present Meitei males has experienced a decreasing value from the last generation thereby revealing a negative secular change even though the conventional category of head shape remains the same.

Acknowledgement

We are grateful to the Department of Anthropology, Manipur University, Canchipur for rendering us to utilize the instruments during the course of this study/work and also our heartfelt thanks to all the participants for their sincere co-operation during the work.

Conflict of Interest : Nil

Source of funding: NIL

Authors contribution : Data collection and analysis of the same was carried out by the first author and overall supervision and guidance during the course of work was done by the second author.

References:

1. Cvetkovic, M., Stevo, N. and Milos, N. Secular change in cephalic index- a study of Serbian School Children, GENETIKA 2014; 46 (2), 561-568.

2. Chaturvedi, R. P, Harneja, N. K. A Cephalometric study of Human Skulls. J. Anat. Soc. India, 1963; 12, 93-96.

3. Ilayperuma, I. Evaluation of cephalic Indices: A clue for racial and Sexual diversity. Int. J. Morphol,2011; 29 (1), 112-117.

4. Sol, D. M.   Cephalic Index in a   group of Mapuche individuals in the IX Region of Chile.Int. J. Morphol, 2005;23 (3), 241-246.

5. Kondu, S., Wakatsuki, E., Shibagaki, H. A. Somatometric study of the head and face in Japanese adolescents. Okajimas Folia Anat Japan, 1999; 76 (4), 179-85.

6. Knutson, B., Momenan, R., Rawlings, R. R., Fong, G. W. and Hommer, D. Negative association of neuroticism with brain volume ratio in healthy humans. Biol. Psychiatry,2001; 50,685-690.

7. Rexhepi, A., Meka, V. Cephalo-facial morphological characteristics of Albanian Kosova population. Int. J. Morphol, 2008; 26 (4), 935-940.

8. Smith, B. H., Garn, S. M., Hunter, W. S.   Secular trend in face size. Angle Orthod, 1986; 56, 196-204.

9. Weiner, J. S, Lourie J. A.   Human Biology, A Guide to Feild Methods. IBP Handbook no.9. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford;1969.

10. Labzeltar, Saller, A.. Reproduced from Singh, I. P, Bhasin, M. K. Anthropometry. New Delhi. Bhart Bhavan. Kem Publishers;1968.

11. Sanajaoba, N. Manipur Past and Present. Mital Publication, New Delhi.1; 1988

12. Singh, C. B. The Ethnonym, Meitei. In Manipur Past and Present.1; 2003; 72 – 81.

13. Kabui, G. History of Manipur. National Publishing House, New Delhi;1989.

14. Xu, B, Wang, Y, Ma, J, Li, M, Xu. L. A computer aid study on the craniofacial features of Archang race in Yunnan province of China. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi,2011; 19 (6), 394-396.

15. Kroeber, A. L. American Culture and the Northwest Coast, American Anthropologist,1923; 25, 1 -25.

16. Kasika, R. L. C, Brozon, T. Comparative study of craniofacial morphology in Japanese and Australian aboriginal population. Hum Biol, 1993; 65(5),821-834.

17. Zheng, L. B. Physical characteristics of Chinese Hakka. Sci China Life Sci, 2013;56, 541-551.

18. Golalipour, M. J, Jahanshahi. M., Haidari. K. Morphological evaluation of head in Turkman males in Gorgan- North of Iran. Int. J. Morphol, 2007; 25 (1), 99-102.

19. Sanna, E, Palmas I. Change in Body and Head Dimensions in urban Sadinian children (3-5years) from 1986-2001. Ann. Hum. Biol; 2008;12: 782-791.

20. Kouchi, M, Vojdani, Z. Brachycephalization in Japan has ceased. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2000;112, 339-347.

21. Heravi, F, Zieace, H.   Assessing the importance of Cephalic and Facial indices in a group of 12 years old boys in Mashhad. Behesti University. Dent. J; 2002; 20, 119-124.

22. Sanna, E, Soro, M. R. Anthropometric changes in urban Sardinian children 7-10 years between 1975-1976 and 1996.Ann. Hum. Biol; 2000; 12: 782-791

23. Sanna. E, Palmas I. Change in Body and Head Dimensions in urban Sadinian children (3-5years) from 1986-2001. Ann. Hum. Biol.; 2008;12: 782-791.

24. Gyenis G. Rapid change in head and facial measurements in university students in Hungary. Anthropol. Anz; 1994; 52, 149-158.

25. Magyar. L, Bellovits. O, Bujdoso, G. Changes in anthropological data of Hungarian child and adult population during the last thirty years based on family study conducted by the Department of Forensic Medicine at Budapest. Anthropol. Anz.;2006; 64: 227-241.

26. Zellner. K, Jaeger, U, Kromeyer. H. K. The phenomenon of debrachycephalization in Jena School Children. Anthropol. Anz.; 1998; 56, 301-321.

27. Buretic. A, Tomljanovic. A. A, Giacomett. J, Ostojic. A. S, Kapovic. A. M. Sex-specific differences of craniofacial traits in Croatia: The impact of environment in a small geographic area. Ann. Hum. Biol; 2007;  34, 296-314.

28. Godina. E. Z.   Secular trend in some Russian populations. Anthropol. Anz; 2011;68, 367-377.

29. Eroje. M. A., Fawehimmi. H. R, Jaja. B. N, Yasker. I. Cephalic Index of Ogbia Tribe of Bayesla State. Int. J. Morphol; 2010; 28 (2), 389-392.

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

COPE guidelines for Reviewers

SCOPUS indexing: 2014, 2019 to 2021


Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11
A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05
A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


RSS feed

Indexed and Abstracted in


Antiplagiarism Policy: IJCRR strongly condemn and discourage practice of plagiarism. All received manuscripts have to pass through "Plagiarism Detection Software" test before Toto Macau forwarding for peer review. We consider "Plagiarism is a crime"

IJCRR Code of Conduct: To achieve a high standard of publication, we adopt Good Publishing Practices (updated in 2022) which are inspired by guidelines provided by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

Disclaimer: International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal.



ABOUT US

International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

Contact

148, IMSR Building, Ayurvedic Layout,
        Near NIT Complex, Sakkardara,
        Nagpur-24, Maharashtra State, India

editor@ijcrr.com

editor.ijcrr@gmail.com


Copyright © 2024 IJCRR. Specialized online journals by ubijournal .Website by Ubitech solutions