International Journal of Current Research and Review
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IJCRR - 2nd Wave of COVID-19: Role of Social Awareness, Health and Technology Sector, June, 2021

Pages: 33-38

Date of Publication: 11-Jun-2021


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Adverse Events Following COVID 19 Vaccine Shot

Author: Lathamangeswari C, Pandurangan H, Ramaiah P, Muthukrishnan A

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rampant disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The initial case was diagnosed in China, in late 2019. Since then, the disease had spread globally, leading to the current pandemic situation. Signs and symptoms of coronavirus disease are unpredictable, but includes mild to moderate fever, coughing, weakness, dyspnoea, and decreased sensation of smell and taste. Swift development of an efficient vaccine is needed to control and prevent the coronavirus disease 2019. Objective: To assess the incidence of adverse events following the Covid 19 vaccine shot. Methods: It is a descriptive study conducted among the health care students (nursing and paramedical) who took the first dose of the Covishield vaccine. This study aimed to assess the incidence of adverse events following the Covid 19 vaccine shot. A total of 150 students were selected by using the convenience sampling technique. The adverse events checklist was prepared to collect data from health care students by structured interview technique. Results: The findings of the study show that 57 % had very common adverse events such as pain, itching, tiredness, headache, nausea, muscle ache 16% had common adverse events such as joint pain, lump at the injection site, vomiting, flu-like symptoms, 4% had uncommon adverse events loss of appetite, abdominal pain, excessive sweating. Conclusion: Even though few newly developed vaccines demonstrate the efficacy up to 95%, multi-disciplinary level rigorous studies are required to determine the safety of vaccine which includes minimizing the adverse events following the vaccination shot.

Keywords: Adverse events, Coronavirus, Health care students, Pandemic, Vaccine

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rampant disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The initial case was diagnosed in China, in late 2019. Since then, the disease had spread globally, leading to the current pandemic situation. Signs and symptoms of coronavirus disease are unpredictable, but includes mild to moderate fever, coughing, weakness, dyspnoea, and decreased sensation of smell and taste.1-4 Mostly the person infected with coronavirus develops mild to moderate symptoms such fever and cough, and less than 15% develop severe symptoms such as severe dyspnoea, Hypoxemia pneumonia, and less than 5% has critical symptoms such as respiratory failure and multiple organ dysfunction. The disease signs and symptoms commence from 1 to 14 days after exposure to the deadly virus.5-8 Currently, there is no specific antiviral drug therapy available to treat ever spreading coronavirus disease, so we must use the existing treatment modalities for this pandemic disease. On the other hand, a preventive measure which includes physical distancing (6 feet), quarantining, aeration of indoor spaces, covering coughs and sneezes with the handkerchief, washing hands frequently, wearing a face mask can reduce transmission of infection. The vaccines also play a vital role in the prevention of Coronavirus disease.9-12

A COVID?19 vaccine is expected to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019. Before the COVID?19 pandemic, there was an established body of knowledge about the structure and function of coronaviruses causing diseases which enabled accelerated development of various vaccine technologies during early 2020.13-16 For rapid development of an efficient vaccine against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and multi-disciplinary level rigorous studies are required to determine the safety of vaccine which includes minimising the adverse events following the vaccination shot. In Phase III trials, several COVID?19 vaccines have shown efficacy as high as 95% in the prevention of symptomatic COVID?19 infections.17-20

Even though this newly developed vaccine has an efficacy of up to 95% in the prevention of coronavirus virus disease, many adverse events are reported globally. Logunov et al. conducted a study on the safety and efficacy of vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine by non-randomised trial consist of 76 participants between the age group 18 to 60 years. In this study, the most common adverse events reported were pain at the injection site 58%, fever 50%, headache 42%, and muscle and joint pain 24%. Most adverse events were mild to moderate and no serious adverse events were detected.21 Ella et al. conducted a study on safety and efficacy of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine by randomised trial consist of 375 participants between the age group 18 to 55 years and reported that most common adverse events were pain at the injection site 5%, fever 50%, headache 3 %, nausea and vomiting 2% muscle and joint pain 24%. Most adverse events were mild 69 %, moderate 31% and no serious adverse events were detected.22

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A descriptive study was conducted among the health care students (nursing and paramedical) who took the first dose of the Covishield vaccine between January – February 2021. The study aimed to assess the incidence of adverse events following the Covid 19 vaccine shot. A total of 150 students were selected by using the convenience sampling technique. The tool has five sections which include demographic variables and an adverse events checklist. The demographic variables consist of Age, Gender, History of Allergy, History of respiratory problems, symptoms before vaccination, vaccination has taken in the past 6 months, participants ever tested for positive COVID 19, Family members ever tested positive for COVID 19, Motivation for vaccination. The adverse events Checklist consists of 3 sections which include very common adverse events, common adverse events, uncommon adverse events. Each section is further subdivided into two subparts namely the onset of symptoms of adverse events and duration of symptoms. The visual analogue pain scale was used to assess the level of pain at the injection site, a Modified 5D itch scale was used to assess the severity of itching at the injection site, the modified verbal rating scale was used to assess the level of swelling at the injection site, the infrared thermometer was used to assess the body temperature. The tool was validated by 5 medical experts in the field of pharmacology. The content validity index was found to be S-CVI/Ave = 0.9 and the reliability of the tool was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha it was found to be 0.8. Before data collection, informed consent was obtained from the participants and the purpose of the study was explained to them. In the 30 minutes structured interview, the adverse events checklist was used to collect data and it is rated as Yes for the presence of adverse events and No for the absence of adverse events. Data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 20.

RESULTS

Table 1 shows the distribution of demographic variables among health care students. Out of 150 students, 90 (60%) were in the age group of 18-20 years. Regarding gender, 105 (70%) were female. Regarding allergy 142 (95 %) had no history of allergy. Regarding respiratory problems, 135 (90%) had no history of respiratory problems. In symptoms before 127 (85) had no symptoms before vaccination. Regarding motivation for vaccination 38 (26%) were motivated by vaccine awareness program. No students tested positive for COVID-19 before vaccination.

Table 2 shows the frequency and percentage distribution of very common adverse events after vaccination among health care students. Out of 150 students, 98 (65%) had pain, redness, warmth, swelling, itching at the injection site, 102 (68%) felt unwell after vaccination, 90 (60%) had the symptoms of tiredness after vaccination, 87 (58%) had a headache after vaccination. 72 (48%) had muscle pain after vaccination.

Table 3 shows the frequency and percentage distribution of common adverse events after vaccination among health students. Out of 150 students, 30 (20%) had joint pain, 18 (12%) had a lump at the injection site, 21 (14%) had the symptoms of vomiting, 27 (18%) had flu-like symptoms.

Table 3: Frequency and percentage distribution of common adverse events after the first dose of vaccination among health care students (N=150)

Table 4 shows frequency and percentage distribution of uncommon adverse events after vaccination among health care students. Out of 150 students, 5 (3%) had a feeling of dizziness, 3 (2%) had a loss of appetite, 6 (4%) had abdominal pain, 2 (1%) had excessive sweating.

Table 4: Frequency and percentage distribution of uncommon adverse events after the first dose of vaccination among health care Students (N=150)

Table 5 shows that there was no significant association of gender, history of allergy and history of respiratory problems with the body temperature among health care students.

Table 5: Association between selected demographic variables with body temperature among health care students (N=150)

DISCUSSION

This study was conducted to assess the incidence of adverse events following the Covid 19 vaccine shot among health care students. The findings of the study show that 57 % had very common adverse events, 16% had common adverse events, 4 % had uncommon adverse events. This was supported by Polack et al. in the study on the safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine. It is a randomised clinical trial with a sample of 43,548. Participants are randomly assigned in a ratio of 1:1 to the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group and control group received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine and placebo 21 days apart respectively. The results the indicated that BNT162b2 vaccine was 95% effective in preventing Covid-19 (95% credible interval, 90.3 to 97.6). The participants were developed adverse events such as short-term, mild-to-moderate pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headache. The incidence of serious adverse events was low.23 The study concluded that a two-dose regimen of BNT162b2 gave 95% protection against Covid-19. The present study is also consistent with a study conducted by  Zhu et al. aimed to assess the immunogenicity property of recombinant adenovirus type 5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine.

It is a randomised clinical trial consist of 195 samples. Adults aged between 18 and 60 years were registered and allotted to any one of three dose groups (Low, Medium, High) divided based on the concentration of viral particles to receive an intramuscular injection of vaccine. Adverse events were studied one-week post-vaccination. The results of the study indicated that at least one adverse reaction within the first 7 days of post-vaccination was reported in 83% of participants in the low dose group, 83% participants in the medium-dose group, and 75% participants in the higher dose group. The commonly reported adverse reaction was injection site pain in 54% of recipients, and the most reported systematic adverse reactions were fever 46%, fatigue 44%, headache 39%, and muscle pain 17%. Most adverse reactions that were reported in all groups were mild or moderate level of severity. The study concluded that the adenovirus type 5 vector vaccine needs further investigation.24

CONCLUSION

Even though few newly developed vaccines demonstrate efficacy up to 95%, multi-disciplinary level rigorous studies are required to determine the safety of the vaccine which includes minimizing the adverse events following the vaccination shot.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: The investigator expresses to deep gratitude towards the authors cited in this study which was not limited to Dr.Fernando P. Polack, M.D, Fundacion INFANT (F.P.P.) and trials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M.), Prof Feng-Cai Zhu, NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China, Dr Denis Y Logunov, N F Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia, Dr. Richa Ellas, Bharat Biotech, Hyderabad, India.

ETHICAL CLEARANCE: The principal investigator obtained informed written consent from the samples before commencing the study. The study was conducted according to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki ethical principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects.25

FUNDING: None

AUTHORS' CONTRIBUTIONS

Lathamangeswari C - Conception and drafting of the work, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision, Manuscript writing and accountability for the work. 

Pandurangan H – Collection and interpretation of data, critical revision, finalizing the Manuscript and accountability for the work. 

Ramaiah P- Literature review, interpretation of data, critical revision, finalizing the Manuscript and accountability for the work. 

Muthukrishnan A -Design of the work, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision, Manuscript writing and accountability for the work.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors declare no conflict of interest

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One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

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This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

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Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11
A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05
A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
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A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
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A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
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A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
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A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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