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IJCRR - 13(5), March, 2021

Pages: 42-46

Date of Publication: 03-Mar-2021


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Use of Medicinal Plants in Oral Lesions

Author: Sneha D, Magesh KT, Sivachandran A, Sathya Kumar M

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:The progress of dentistry into an advanced science is a truly remarkable one. The importance and value of dental art and science as a humane service are well recognized. It was people of earlier periods who laid the foundations upon which current day dentistry has been built. The use of indigenous plants for the treatment of various health conditions has been documented since 6,000 BC throughout the Indian subcontinent. The popularity and widespread acceptance of this form of medicine stem from the easy accessibility to local herbs, lower cost, and the absence of any potential chemical additives which are present in conventional drugs. In dentistry, many of these have been studied for their cleansing action, antimicrobial, and antiplaque properties, due to their innate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this review, we intend to discuss the use of indigenous plants in treating various oral lesions. A literature review was conducted for finding a solution to show evidence on a metalevel. Two reviewers selected the articles to ensure the quality and reliability of the search protocol. Search engine like Google, Pubmed, Medline and Scopus were used with the key terms herbal extracts, alternative medicine, oral lesions, phytotherapy. Medicinal herbs have been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties and some even demonstrated to have anti-cancer properties. In developing countries still, herbal medicine is considered to be the main system in treating many diseases since it is affordable. But, the end-users should be given sufficient scientific evidence to use them which can be achieved by conducting scientific experiments to confirm their safety and efficacy.

Keywords: Herbal extracts, Alternative medicine, Oral lesions, Dental herb therapy, Antibacterial, Phytotherapy

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION

Ayurvedic medicine has often been quoted as the oldest medical system in the world. The use of indigenous plants for the treatment of various health conditions has been documented since 6,000 BC throughout the Indian subcontinent. Traditional healers know over 2500 herbs and use almost 100 species of therapeutic plants in everyday practice.1

In recent years, a system of ‘complementary and alternative medicine’ (CAM) has been recognized by healthcare professionals all over the world. The National Centre for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH, USA) has defined CAM as “a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine”. Following this, the World Health Organization defined herbal medicine as ‘plant-derived materials or preparations intended for human therapeutic use or other health benefits in humans’ and categorized it based on the evolution, origin, and current usage into 4 subtypes:

  1. Indigenous herbal medicine- used primarily by the members of a small local community and the knowledge is passed on over generations.

  2. Herbal medicines in systems- the system of medicine that is widely documented and accepted by their respective countries, like Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani.

  3. Modified herbal medicines- plant extracts whose dose, chemistry, and administration have been modified to reach the safety standards of a regulatory body.

  4. Imported products with a herbal medicinal base- include all forms of a herb and its extracts that are imported and approved by a national regulatory body.2

USES OF HERBS IN DENTISTRY

Phytotherapy or phytomedicine is commonly defined as the study of the use of extracts of natural origin as medicines or health-promoting agents. The popularity and widespread acceptance of this form of medicine stem from the easy accessibility to local herbs, lower cost, and the absence of any potential chemical additives which are present in conventional drugs.

Although only a few herbs have been scientifically approved for their medicinal values, a large number of them have always been used as major staples in local cuisine. In dentistry, many of these have been studied for their cleansing action, antimicrobial, and antiplaque properties, due to their innate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Besides, they have proven to be effective in specific conditions such as recurrent aphthous ulcers, gingivitis, oral infections of Candida albicans, etc.3,4

ALOE VERA

Aloe barbadensis miller, commonly called Aloe vera, belongs to the Asphodelaceae family. It is a succulent plant, widely cultivated for its ornamental and medicinal properties. This succulence or fleshy nature of the leaves allows the plant to thrive in dry regions with low annual rainfall. The parenchymal tissue of the leaves contains three prominent layers

1. An inner layer of colourless mucilaginous gel that is primarily made of water (98-99%)

2. A middle layer of yellow sap or latex

3. A thick protective outer layer or rind

The leaves also contain important bioactive molecules such as aloesin, aloin, aloe-emodin, flavonoids, anthraquinones, etc.

            Aloe vera gel (AVG), extracted from the fleshy leaves, and has been proven to be a potent antibacterial, antifungal, anti-oxidant and immune-boosting agent. As a result, AVG has been studied in the treatment of various oral lesions such as recurrent oral ulcers, oral lichen planus, and oral candidiasis. Besides, AVG gel has also shown positive outcomes in aiding wound healing when used over-extraction sockets.

In an in vitro study comparing various dilutions of AVG with standard drugs such as Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin, it was found that at higher concentrations (50%, 100%) the gel showed significant potency as an antibacterial agent. However, at concentrations below 50%, no antibacterial effect was reported.5

Following this, the effect of aloe vera on colonies of cariogenic and periodontal pathogens was studied by disc diffusion assays and reported based on the zone of inhibition produced by various concentrations. It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were much lesser for strains of Streptococcus mutans when compared to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The antibacterial properties of aloe vera against specific pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, etc. have also been studied.6

TURMERIC

            Curcuma longa(C.longa), commonly used as a household ingredient turmeric, has been used for its therapeutic properties in Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani medicine. It contains a class of phytochemicals known as curcuminoids, namely curcumin, dimethoxy curcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin.

Curcuminoids have shown significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties in in-vivo and ex-vivo studies. This anti-inflammatory action is attributed to its inhibitory effect on enzymes such as Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase (LOX), and inducible nitric oxide synthase enzymes (iNOS). It also blocks the release of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukins (IL) 1, 2, 6, 8, and 12. The immunomodulatory effect of curcumin has also been correlated to its activation of host macrophages and natural killer cells and regulation of lymphocyte-mediated function.7

A study comparing the effect of 1% curcumin oral gel with 0.1% paste of triamcinolone acetonide was conducted in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP), and it was found that the pain and burning sensation was significantly reduced with the use of the natural alternative. It was concluded that although turmeric gel cannot be used independently in the management of OLP, it could be used in the maintenance phase of treatment, following the initial phase of standard corticosteroid therapy.8 Similarly, when higher doses of curcuminoids were administered systemically in patients with OLP, greater control of the symptoms was observed.

In a randomized controlled trial conducted among known cases of Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), leukoplakia, and OLP, it was found that curcumin produced a marked reduction in the pain scores, as well as the extent of the mucosal lesions, and an increased mouth opening was observed in patients with OSMF. This effect of curcumin on these potentially malignant conditions was associated with a rise in vitamin C and E, and subsequent inhibition of damage to DNA or lipid peroxidation.9

TULSI

Ocimumsanctum (O.sanctum), commonly known as holy basil or Tulsi is an aromatic plant used for religious and traditional medicinal practices. The main phytochemical components of tulsi are saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannin. Other bioactive molecules include oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, rosmarinic acid, eugenol, carvacrol, linoleic acid, and β-caryophyllene.

In an experimental study conducted on rats, the combined antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of tulsi have shown positive results in aiding wound healing. Ethanolic extracts of O. sanctum have shown greater wound breaking strength, a faster rate of epithelialization with the substantial rise in wound contraction.4

Herbal mouth rinses containing extracts of tulsi have shown antibacterial activity specifically against strains of Streptococcus mutants. In a comparative evaluation of a herbal mouth rinse containing tulsi and a standard sodium fluoride mouth rinse, it was found that this inhibitory effect on the pathogen was achieved employing increasing salivary pH levels resulting in reduced virulence of the bacteria.10 Clinical trials conducted with a tulsi mouth rinse and 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouth rinses have provided similar results, and patients have shown to favour the natural alternative due to better taste and convenience.

The antibacterial action of extracts of O. sanctum has been attributed to the nature of the formulation. While aqueous extracts have shown a greater inhibitory effect on Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichiacoli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus, the alcoholic extracts showed greater antagonistic effects on Vibrio cholerae.

An experiment conducted on hamsters with 7,12-dimethyl benza-anthracene (DMBA) induced buccal pouch carcinogenesis highlighted the anticancer property of O. sanctum extracts. Simultaneous topical application of aqueous extracts along with oral administration of ethanolic extracts, showed substantially lesser development of oral papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas.11

POMEGRANATE

            Punicagranatum (P. granatum), commonly called pomegranate, is a shrub that is native to the Indian subcontinent. It is abundant with phytochemicals like tannins, flavones, and anthocyanins (like delphinidin and cyanidin) which produce the bright red colour of the fruit extracts. These molecules have been studied for their chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory effects on cells. Besides, the seeds are a rich source of punicic acid, oleic and linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid.

These phytochemicals have shown a substantial inhibitory effect on inflammatory mediators. Punicic acid has shown an antagonistic effect on prostaglandin synthesis, while pomegranate seed oil has shown suppression of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. The presence of tannins has led researchers to believe that P. granatum can promote wound healing and enhance collagen stabilization due to the inherent affinity of these molecules for proteins, and hence reduce tissue destruction in periodontal disease. The combined effect of tannins and polyphenols has also been attributed to the greater proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen formation, along with faster wound healing and angiogenesis.

                    The anaesthetic effect of tannins has also been under study. Topical application of extracts of P. granatumhave elicited lower gag reflex in the soft palate and in the tonsillar region. Methanolic extracts obtained from the peel of the P.granatum fruit (MEPGP) have shown antibacterial properties under various concentrations. While the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was inhibited at all concentrations between 4-12 mg/mL, significant inhibition of Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus salivarius were observed at concentrations between 8-12 mg/mL.12

PAPAYA, FENUGREEK, CINNAMON

Carica papaya(C.papaya), commonly known as papaw or papaya fruit is a rich source of vitamins A, C, and E, along with magnesium, potassium, folate and pantothenic acid. The seeds contain phenolic compounds like benzyl isothiocyanate and carotenoids, while the extracts of papaya leaves are high in food fibres and flavonoids.

In an experimental study conducted on mice (Mus musculus) with gingival ulcerations to verify the therapeutic properties of papaya leaf extract at various concentrations, it was found that at all concentrations between 25-75% the extract acted as a potent antioxidant and allowed wound healing and contraction. At 75% concentration, the rate of epithelialisation was accelerated with better fibroplasia and wound contraction.13

In an in vitro study of alcoholic extracts obtained from Carica papaya, Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek), and Cinnamomumverum (cinnamon), all of the herbal alternatives showed significant anti-fungal activity against Fluconazole resistant Candida albicans.4 Additionally, in an evaluation of the antifungal activity of cinnamon bark oil, it was found that along with the fungicidal properties, aqueous extracts of cinnamon showed the potential to reinforce the oral epithelial barrier and prevent the formation of biofilms by Candida albicans.14

CRANBERRY

            Cranberries are Vaccinium macrocarpon (V.macrocarpon) and contain proanthocyanidins (PACs) and anthocyanidins.  It was used to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections and has been postulated to inhibit bacterial adherence due to the presence of proanthocyanidin.15 Cranberry flavonols have shown an inhibitory effect on the enzymes of Streptococcus mutans. A comparison of these biomolecules on their antibacterial effects demonstrated that the highest inhibition of Streptococcus mutans was exhibited by PACs, followed by the flavonols.    Extracts of V. macrocarpon have shown the highest antibacterial properties on periodontal pathogens like Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Aggregatibacter actinomyecetomcomitans at bactericidal concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL. Other oral microbes like Veillonellaparvula and Streptococcus oralis were inhibited at concentrations above 1mg/mL.16

NEEM

            Azadirachtaindica (A.indica), known as neem or Indian lilac, has been cultivated for its herbal properties for over two millennia. While the most significant biomolecules of A.indica are azadirachtins, the leaf extracts also contain Nimbolinin, Nimbin, Nimbidin, Nimbanene, Quercetin, Gedunin, and Salannin.

            An in vitro study using the chloroform based crude extracts of A.indica, demonstrated a significant antioxidant potential of the leaves. Azadirachtin has shown to antagonise the development of buccal pouch carcinogenesis and prevent Deoxy Ribonucleic Acid damage with chemopreventive effect in hamsters. Further, the leaf extracts have been associated with the induction of apoptosis in target organs. 17 Inactivation of viral strains by interruption of the replication mechanism by the leaf extracts has also been observed. A.indica mouth rinses have also shown positive outcomes in controlling periodontal pathogens comparable to standard chlorhexidine mouth rinses. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts have inhibited strains of Fusobacterium nuceatum.18

CHAMOMILE

Chamomile tea obtained from the leaves of Matricaria chamomilla (M.chamomilla), is widely consumed for its therapeutic properties. It is a rich source of sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, and coumarins. The powdered form of chamomile leaves has been used topically to treat perioral inflammation, skin eruptions, and infections of the mouth. This topical application has shown to accelerate wound healing and also have an analgesic effect.

In a double-blind clinical study analysing the rate of wound healing, the topical application of M.chamomilla extracts allowed faster wound drying with re-epithelialisation. Chamomile has also exhibited antioxidant properties in inhibition of lipid peroxidation and blocking the formation of reactive chemical entities in tissue. Apigenin, found in M.chamomilla has shown chemopreventive effects in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma due to its inherent potential to interfere with the cell cycle at several stages of carcinogenesis. 19

CLOVE

            Clove oil, obtained from Syzygiumaromaticum(S.aromaticum), is rich in thymol, eugenol, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and β-caryophyllene. The eugenol component has an inherent affinity for free radicals, and hence clove oil acts as a potent antioxidant. Besides, eugenol has also demonstrated the alteration of ergosterol structure, which is the main component of fungal cell membranes. Studies have also correlated the antifungal potency of eugenol with the inhibition of germ tube formation in strains of Candida albicans.20

TOXICITY OF HERBAL EXTRACTS

Herbal medicine has received criticism due to its potential to cause side-effects or toxicities when consumed without regulation. This is attributed to the lack of standardization of doses and form of administration in various communities. Toxicities also arise due to adulteration or inappropriate processing of dietary herbal supplements, interactions of these extracts with conventional drugs, as well as the inherent toxins associated with some plant species. Metabolomics is the study of bioactive molecules or metabolites in tissues, biofluids, etc. The most recent approach in the management of herbal toxicities involves a metabolomic analysis of the phytochemical constituents present in each medicinal plant. This is done via phytochemical profiling and fingerprinting.21 While ‘phytochemical profiling’ involves a targeted analysis to detect the presence of known biomolecules in a plant extract, ‘phytochemical fingerprinting’ refers to the identification of all molecular species found in a sample.  A holistic analysis of the phytochemicals in herbal extracts can allow better control over manifestations of toxicities and negate side effects.

CONCLUSION

Traditional medicine has played a key role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases since time immemorial. The use of indigenous medicinal plants is widely being used independently, and as an adjunct to conventional forms of treatment in the management of many oral lesions. Herbal extracts of Aloe vera, Ocimumtenuiflorum (Tulsi), Curcuma longa (turmeric), etc, have shown positive outcomes in the management of gingivitis, oral ulcers, and other mucosal lesions. In developing countries still, herbal medicine is considered to be the main system in treating many diseases as it is affordable and it is the responsibility of the practitioner to use them ethically.

Acknowledgement:

"Authors acknowledge the immense help received from the scholars whose articles are cited and included in references to this manuscript. The authors are also grateful to authors/editors/publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature for this article has been reviewed and discussed."

Financial support: Self-funded

Conflict of Interest:  NIL

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A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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