International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
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IJCRR - 11(8), April, 2019

Pages: 01-07

Date of Publication: 30-Apr-2019


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The Malignant Round Cell Tumors: Histopathological Study and Immunohistochemistry

Author: Meghavi R. Joshi, Dhaval Jetly, Mital Kundariya

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Malignant round cell tumors include a diverse group of cancers that appear morphologically as round cells. More commonly malignant round cell tumors include cancers consisting of small to intermediate cells having a dark, hyper chromatic nuclei and scant or indistinct cytoplasm. These malignant blue cell tumors include: Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)/Ewing's sarcoma family, Neuroblastoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Rhabdomayosarcoma, Wilms tumor, Retinoblastoma, Small cell osteosarcoma, Medulloblastoma, Desmoplastic round cell tumor, Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and Merkel cell carcinoma.
Aims & Objectives:
1. To study Histopathology of Malignant small round cell Tumors.
2. To correlate Histopathological findings with Clinical features, physical findings and imaging studies.
3. To study importance of Immunohistochemistry profiles in Malignant small round cell tumors.
Materials & Methods: This is the prospective study and 100 consecutive cases of Malignant round cell tumor received from data of department of pathology during period from 2014 to 2017 were studied. Histological parameters were studied on biopsy fixed in 10% neutral formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and stained with hematoxyline &eosin. IHC stains were performed on each cases.
Results: Out of 100 cases, there were 36 cases of Ewing sarcoma/PNET with highest incidence (36%) 21 Cases of Neuroblastoma(21%),15 cases of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (15%). According to age distribution, the highest incidence was observed in 0-14 years of age group. According to sex distribution, highest incidence observed in males. IHC study in Ewing sarcoma /PNET and Neuroblastoma shows positive reaction with CD 99, vimentin and NSE, NB, S100, synaptophysin, chromogranin respectively. IHC study of NHL showing majority are T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. IHC study of Rhabdomyosarcoma shows positive reaction with desmin, myoD1, Myoglobin, vimentin.
Conclusion: Most frequent round cell tumors are Ewing sarcoma /PNET , Neuroblastoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms tumor, Retinoblastoma. Malignant round cell tumors have male predominance and presented in early childhood. This study highlights the importance of histological examination of resected specimen or biopsied tumors. IHC represents a tool that can provide a clear distinction among the various tumor types.

Keywords: Small blue round cell tumors, Ewing sarcoma/PNET, Primitive tumors, Childhood undifferentiated tumor

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION

Malignant round cell tumors include a diverse group of cancers that appear morphologically as round cells. These may be large undifferentiated malignant neoplasms. More commonly malignant round cell tumors include cancers consisting of small to intermediate cells having a dark, hyper chromatic nuclei and scant or indistinct cytoplasm.

These malignant blue cell tumors include: Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)/Ewing’s sarcoma family, Neuroblastoma, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Rhabdomayosarcoma , Wilms tumor, Retinoblastoma, Small cell osteosarcoma, Medulloblastoma, Desmoplastic round cell tumor, Hepatoblastoma –[anaplastic form only], Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, Merkel cell carcinoma. 1

In Malignant round cell tumors, this task is difficult because of similar morphological appearances in histopathology. Through the identification of specific cellular components, using specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has emerged as the most practical adjunct tool to the histopathology making accurate diagnosis possible.9

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

  • To study Histopathology of Malignant small round cell Tumors.

  • To correlate Histopathological findings with Clinical features, physical findings and imaging studies.

  • To study importance of Immunohistochemistry profiles in malignant small round cell tumors.

MATERIALS & METHODS

Patients diagnosed in our institute as Malignant round cell tumor were selected. This is the prospective study and 100 consecutive cases of Malignant round cell tumor received from data of department of pathology during period from 2014 to 2017 were studied. Clinical finding of patient was obtained by patient’s medical records, relevant clinical history, laboratory investigation and Radiological finding.

Histological parameters were studied on biopsy fixed in 10% neutral formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and stained with hematoxyline &eosin .Examine for Architecture and pattern of tumor cells, morphology of cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic characteristics, Presence of mitosis, Hemorrhage, Necrosis or Calcification, any extracellular materials in Stroma, Presence or Absence of Rosettes or Pseudo rosettes. After microscopic examination of routinely stained section followed by special stain [PAS], diagnosis is formulated.

IHC stains were performed on biopsy section and IHC was performed on tissue block from each cases using ABC technique with antigen epitope enhancement by heat, the diaminobenzidine reaction was used as final detection step. The slides were counter stained with Mayer’s hematoxylin. The method for epitope retrieval was overnight incubation at 60 degree Celsius. After antigenic epitope enhancement the staining was performed by fully automated machine VENTANA BENCHMARK XT. Appropriate positive and negative controls were included in all stains to ensure quality and consistency of staining results.

RESULTS AND OBSERVATION

The Malignant small round cell tumors are a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms. Most higher incidence noted in our study is Ewing sarcoma /PNET (36%) followed by Neuroblastoma(21%), Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (15%) and other small round cell tumor as shows in table no1. These tumors occurs mainly in children up to 14 years of age. Most of the Neuroblastomas &Nephroblastomas (Wilms tumor) appeared in the age group of less than 5 years whereas majority of other Small Round Cell Tumors appeared after the age of 5 years (table 2). Male predominance seen in these tumors. (Table 3).

Histopathological features:

36 cases of Ewing sarcoma / PNET  showing Diffuse sheet or lobular pattern of cells, these cells are small, round to oval  with fine to vesicular chromatin with occasional nucleoli  with scanty cytoplasm or some having vacuolated due to glycogen deposition ,with variability in mitosis, necrosis. IHC shows positive reaction as in Table 4.

21 cases of Neuroblastoma showing diffusely arranged small round to oval cell with salt and pepper chromatin with occasional nucleoli, scanty cytoplasm with variable necrosis and rosettes formation and three cases having ganglionic differentiation. IHC shows positive reaction as in Table 5.

9 out of 15 cases of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma showing T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, 3 cases of B cell lymphoblastic lymphoma and 3 cases evaluated as DLBCL by IHC. Table 6.

Out of 11 cases of Rhabdomyosarcoma 8 cases shows histological features of Embronal type and 3 cases shows alveolar type Rhabdomyosarcoma. IHC shows positive reaction as in Table 7.

7 Cases of wilms showing microscopically blastemal cells are arranged in nests diffuse sheets, tubules surrounded by mesenchymal cells. These cells are small round with hyper chromatic nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli with scanty cytoplasm, with variable mitosis and necrosis.IHC shows positive reaction as in Table 8.

 

All cases of Medulloblastoma showing sheets of small round cells with scanty cytoplasm, hyper chromatic nuclei often elongated or carrot shaped. Mitosis seen. IHC shows positive reaction as in Table 9.

There are 2 cases of desmoplastic small round cell tumor shows solid nests of round to oval cells surrounded by cellular desmoplastic stroma. Necrosis is seen. Both cases of DSRCT showing immunoreactivity with AE1, Desmin, vimentin, and NSE. [Figure10, 11]

One case of Retinoblastoma showing microscopically sheets and nests of small round cells with scanty cytoplasm, hyper chromatic nuclei. Flexner winter steiner rosettes seen.IHC shows positivity with NSE, Synaptophysin, and S100.

One case of pleuropulmonary blastoma microscopically showing cyst wall lining and tumor cells are beneath to lining epithelium. Tumor cells are round to spindled hyper chromatic nuclei. Focal area of necrosis is seen. IHC shows positivity with Vimentin, Desmin, CD117, Ki-67 (high 85%), CD99 (weak)

One case of Small cell OS showing diffusely arranged small round to spindly cells, focal area of malignant osteoid seen. IHC shows positivity with Vimentin and S100. Negative for CD99, EMA, LCA, Desmin, Synaptophysin.

Discussion

Malignant Small round cell tumors comprise a significant fraction of pediatric tumors. Malignant Small Round Cell Tumors is the name given to a group of malignant neoplasms that occur mostly in the pediatric age group (up to 14 Yrs.) These tumors show characteristic appearance under   the microscope, consist of Small Round Cells that Stain Blue on routine Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. 1

Incidence of SBRCT is on rise all over the world 2 Over 60% of all childhood MRCT are now curable.3 In present study out of 100 cases 76 cases are in pediatric age group below 14 years.

Distribution of types of tumor in our study compared with other study. Result shows some variation as in Sajid H. Shah5 study 12.5% cases have inconclusive results so not categorized to specific type, however in our study one cases is inconclusive and we also encounter one case of Pleuropulmonary blastoma and two cases of  DSRCT .(Table 10)

In our study Most of the Neuroblastomas and Wilms Tumor  appeared in the age group of less than 5 years whereas majority of other malignant round cell tumor appeared after the age of 5 years, similar to Dr. Y. Krishna Bharathi study of 56 cases round cell tumors in pediatric age group 8.(table 11)

As shown in our results, ES/PNET is the most common MSRCT. The tumor cells show cytoplasmic immunoreactivity to vimentin and membranous immunoreactivity to CD99. CD45 was negative which ruled out lymphoma. Immunohistochemically, strong membrane staining for CD99 is consistently seen in almost all cases of EWS/PNET, although it is not very specific because it is shown in several other soft tissue sarcomas and lymphoblastic lymphomas.

Twenty one case of Neuroblastoma which showed cytoplasmic positivity for Synaptophysin and Chromogranin and NSE. Absence of positive staining for CD99 and CD45 was helpful in differentiating it from EWS/PNET and lymphoma. The markers synaptophysin, and chromogranin and CD56 are restricted to neuroendocrine neoplasms; nevertheless, it should be reemphasized that they are seen in only 30-50% of cases. Neuroblastoma shows immunoreactivity with, Synaptophysin, chromogranin, NSE and CD56.Tumor cells usually do not react with vimentin, CD99, actin or desmin.

In present study T-LBL is more compared to those with B-LBL. T-LBL constituting 60% of all lymphoma cases. These cases show younger age, a higher rate of mediastinal mass.

IHC was performed in all cases of suspected NHL. The tumor cells show cytoplasmic and membranous immunoreactivity to CD45. Cytokeratin (CK) was negative which excluded poorly differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas. CD45 is a surface antigen expressed by virtually all hematolymphoid proliferations, and monoclonal antibodies for this marker are reliably specific.

We found three cases of Rhabdomyosarcoma which showed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for vimentin, desmin and CD99, hence subcategorized as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma express skeletal muscle markers, like desmin, myoD1, myogenin and CD99 (the alveolar type).

Single cases of Retinoblastoma of eye, presented as a big mass involving the eye and extending to the periorbital region. On H&E examination it presented as malignant round cell tumor with rosette formation but for definite diagnosis IHC needed.

Four cases of Medulloblastoma were diagnosed in the cerebellum in which tumor cells were so undifferentiated in morphology that making the differentiation from Glioblastoma multiforme (GM), PNET, and metastatic carcinoma very difficult. IHC solved the problem and diagnosis was given in these cases.

Two  Abdominal DSRCT cases, One case of  Pleuropulmonary blastoma  and One case of Small cell Osteosarcoma the diagnosis was given by extensive  panel of antibody given on IHC. In only single case IHC is inconclusive even by extensive panel of antibody so given as Undifferentiated Malignant Round Cell Tumor. Immunohistochemistry is playing an increasing role in modern surgical Histopathology.3 The use of extensive panels of antibodies in all Malignant Round Cell  Tumors  allows accurate histological diagnosis in more than 95% cases.

Conclusion

The MRCTs are a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms. It occurs mainly in children up to 14 years of age. Most of the Neuroblastomas &Nephroblastomas (Wilms tumor) appeared in the age group of less than 5 years whereas majority of other Small Round Cell Tumors appeared after the age of 5 years. Male predominance seen in these tumors.

Histopathological examination forms the basis for diagnosis of MRCT in the form of features like Small Blue Round Cells with scanty cytoplasm along with specific characteristics like Rosettes, Pseudo rosettes and Neurophils that helps to differentiate the entities of MRCTs. Special stain like PAS is also helpful for diagnosis of ES/PNET family of tumors by positive staining for glycogen.

After the Histopathological diagnosis of typing of MRCTs, IHC has to be done in each and every case. IHC represents a tool that can provide a clear distinction among the various tumor types to ensure appropriate and specific treatment. This study highlights the importance of histological examination of resected specimen or biopsied tumors. However, IHC confirms the final diagnosis and also helpful to know the Prognosis of tumor.  In Recent years, role of molecular genetic studies has proved its role as a valuable tool for definitive diagnosis in questionable cases.

Acknowledgement: Authors acknowledge the immense help received from the scholars whose articles are cited and included in references of this manuscript. The authors are also grateful to authors/editors/publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature of article has been reviewed and discussed.

 

 

References:

  1. Gregario A, Corrias et.al (July,2008)”Small blue round cell tumors”: Diagnostic& prognostic usefulness of  surface molecule”. Histopathology 53 (1):73-80. doi:10.111/j.1365-2559. 2008.

  2. Arya L.S. Childhood cancer-challenges and opportunities. Indian j.of paediatrics.2003;70:159-62.

  3. Wick MR. Immunohistochemical approaches to the diagnosis of undifferentiated malignant tumors. Ann Diagn Pathol 2008;12:72-84.

  4. Chan JK. Advances in immunohistochemistry: Impact on surgical pathology practice. Semin Diagn Pathol 2000;17:170–7.

  5. Sajid hussain shah et al.Frequency of malignant solid tumors in children, JPMA March 2000.

  6. Chang TK,LI CY ,Smithson WA. Immunohistochemical study of small round cell tumors in routinely processed specimen.Archpathol lab med 1989;113(12):1343-8.

  7. Rossia Antinio G, Nascimentob,Fabio Canala, Angelo Paolo Dei Tosa. Review :Small Round Cell Neoplasm of Soft Tissues: An Integrated diagnostic approach. Current Diagnostic pathology:2007,13150-163

  8. Dr. Y. Krishna Bharathi, Study of pediatric small blue round cell tumors with immunohistochemical correlation IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 2279-0853,Volume 15,Issue 6 ,June 2006.

  9. Kurtin PJ, Pinkus GS. Leukocyte common antigen-a diagnostic discriminant between hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic neoplasms in paraffin sections using monoclonal antibodies: Correlation with immunologic studies and ultrastructural localization. Hum Pathol 1985;16:353-65.

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

COPE guidelines for Reviewers

SCOPUS indexing: 2014, 2019 to 2021


Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
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A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
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A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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Disclaimer: International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal.



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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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