Article|International Journal of Current Research and Review

Search Articles

Track manuscript

Full Html

IJCRR - 8(13), July, 2016

Pages: 50-57

Date of Publication: 12-Jul-2016

Print Article Download XML Download PDF

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY STUDY FOR HER-2/NEU EXPRESSION IN LESIONS OF UTERINE CERVIX

Author: Pramod Sarwade, Sunita Patil, Rajan Bindu

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Objectives:
1. To study expression of HER-2/neu in lesions of uterine cervix by immunohistochemistry.
2. To correlate expression of HER-2/neu with histological type, grade and stage of cervical malignancy.
Methods: Total 50 cases were included during the period from October 2013 to October 2015. Immunohistochemical studies were done on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks with HER-2/neu antibody.
Results: Out of fifty cases, 10 cases (20%) of adenocarcinoma (ADC), 1 case (2%) of adenosquamous carcinoma, 4 cases (8%) of CIN, 3 cases (6%) of chronic cervicitis, 2 cases (4%) of chronic cervicitis with squamous metaplasia, 30 cases (60%) of squamous cell carcinoma of cervix (SCC). And It Amongst 9 cases of poorly differentiated SCC cases, 2 cases showed 1+ positivity, 2 cases showed 2+ positivity, 1 case showed 3+ positivity. Out of 16 cases of moderately differentiated SCC, 4 cases showed 1+ positivity, 4 cases showed 2+ positivity, 2 cases showed 3+ positivity. Among 5 cases of well differentiated SCC, 2 cases showed 1+ positivity. Out of 10 cases of adenocarcinoma of cervix, 2 cases of well differentiated adenocarcinoma showed 1+ positivity. Each 2 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma showed 1+ and 2+ positivity. Cervical carcinoma cases with involvement of lymph node and parametrium showed stronger HER-2/neu staining.
Conclusion: Higher HER-2/neu expression was noted in malignant lesion as compared to benign lesions. Stronger HER-2/neu expression was noted among higher stage tumors and those with parametrial and lymph node involvement.

Keywords: HER-2/neu expression, Immunohistochemistry, Cervical lesions

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION
According to the global cancer statistics for 2012, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide and it is also the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Almost 70% of the global burden falls in areas with lower levels of development and more than one fifth of all new cases are diagnosed in India.[1] Carcinoma cervix is one of the common malignancy in women in India with an incidence of 9 to 44 per 100,000 women.[2] Current treatment is failing to cure locally advanced disease. Therefore next step in treatment is testing of molecular targeted therapies to improve outcome of cervical cancer patients. [3] The c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene, also called HER-2/neu, is located on Chromosome 17q21 which encodes 185kDa transmembrane glycoprotein with tyrosine kinase activity. Overexpression leads to constitutive activation of tyrosine kinase residues.[4] The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER) family of receptors has been associated with aggressive biological behavior and metastatic potential.[5] The expression of HER family members in gynaecological cancers and their relationship with disease stage, grade and response to treatment controversial.[6] HER2/neu expression is not limited to cervical cancers but is also seen in other tumors like breast, stomach, ovary, uterine serous endometrial carcinomas, colon, bladder, lung, head and neck and esophagus.[7]

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 50 cases of cervical tissue were obtained from October 2013 to October 2015. The study consists 10 cases (20%) of adenocarcinoma, 1 case (2%) of adenosquamous carcinoma, 4 cases (8%) of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 3 cases (6%) of chronic cervicitis, 2 cases (4%) of chronic cervicitis with squamous metaplasia, and 30 cases (60%) of squamous cell carcinoma of cervix. Routine Hematoxylin and eosin stained slides were screened to obtain the best section for immunohistochemistry with HER-2/ neu antibody. 3-5 micron sections were cut on poly L-lysine coated slides. Antigen retrieval was done by heating the sections in citrate buffer at pH 6.0 using microwave oven. 100 µl prediluted primary antibody HER2/neu (Monoclonal, Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the C-terminus of human HER2, Clone: EP1045Y, Species: Rabbit, Ig class: IgG, Protein Conc.: 50mg/ml, Catalog no.: AN471-5ME, BioGenex, USA) were applied so as to cover the tissue sections. Standard Streptovidin-biotin peroxidase method is used. A golden brown membrane and cytoplasmic staining was taken as a positive reaction. Intensity of HER-2/neu expression was graded according to the 2014 ASCO/CAP guidelines[8] as complete intense circumferential membrane staining within >10% of tumor cells (3+); circumferential staining that is incomplete and/ or weak/moderate within >10% of tumor cells or complete intense circumferential membrane staining within 10% of tumor cells (1+) and no staining is observed or shows membrane staining that is incomplete and is faint/barely perceptible and within <10% of tumor cells (0). Statistical analysis of data was performed using Fischer’s Exact Test. P value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

RESULTS
Out of 50 cases, 27(54%) were negative, 12(24%) were having 1+ positivity HER-2/neu expression, 8(16%) were showing 2+ positivity HER-2/neu expression and 3(6%) were showing 3+ HER-2/neu expression. All chronic cervicitis cases, chronic cervicitis with squamous metaplasia cases, CIN cases and adenosquamous carcinoma case were negative HER-2/neu immunostain [Table 1]. Out of 30 cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), 5 cases (16.66%) were well differentiated, 16 cases (53.33%) were moderately differentiated and 9 cases (30%) were poorly differentiated. Among 5 cases of well differentiated SCC, 2 cases showed 1+ positivity [Figure 1] while remaining 3 cases were negative. Out of 16 cases of moderately differentiated SCC, 4 cases showed 1+ positivity, another 4 cases showed 2+ positivity [Figure 2], 2 cases showed 3+ positivity [Figure 3] and remaining 6 cases were negative. Out of 9 cases of poorly differentiated SCC cases, 2 cases showed 1+ positivity, 2 cases showed 2+ positivity, 1 case showed 3+ positivity and remaining 4 cases were negative. Overall it was found that among 6 cases of SCC with 2+ positivity, 4 c a s e s were (66.66%) moderately differentiated and 2 cas es were (33.33%) poorly differentiated. Also out of 3 cases of SCC with 3+ positivity, 2 cases were (66.66%) moderately differentiated and 1 case was (33.33%) poorly differentiated. However a statistically correlation was not established between grade of SCC and intensity of HER-2/neu staining (p=0.935) [Table 2]. Out of 10 cases of adenocarcinoma of cervix (ADC), 2 cases of well differentiated ADC showed 1+ positivity [Figure 4] and 3 cases were negative. Each 2 cases of moderately differentiated ADC showed 1+ and 2+ positivity [Figure 5] and remaining 1 case was negative. However significant correlation was not established between grade of adenocarcinoma and intensity of HER-2/neu staining (p=0.46)

Out of 41 cervical carcinoma cases, 16 cases (39.02%) were under FIGO stage I, 12 cases (29.26%) were under FIGO stage II, 10 cases (24.39%) were under FIGO stage III and 3 cases (7.31%) were under FIGO stage IV. Among the 16 cases under stage IB, 6 cases showed 1+ positivity, 1 case showed 2+ positivity. 1 case under stage IIA was negative for HER-2/neu staining. Of the 11 cases under stage IIB, 3 cases showed 1+ positivity, 4 cases showed 2+ positivity. 1 case under stage IIIA showed 1+ positivity. Out of 8 cases under stage IIIB, 2 cases, 3 cases and 1 case showed 1+, 2+ and 3+ positivity respectively. Out of 3 cases, 2 cases under stage IV showed 3+ positivity. However, significant correlation between stage of cervical carcinoma and intensity of HER-2/neu staining was not established (p=0.073) [Table 3]. Among 41 cervical carcinoma cases, it was found that 17 cases (41.46%) had no parametrial or lymph node involvement, 11 cases (26.82%) had only parametrial involvement and 13 cases (31.70%) had involvement of both lymph node and parametrium. On analyzing variation in intensity of HER-2 staining with lymph node and parametrial involvement, it was found that among 8 cases with 2+ positivity, 1 case had no lymph node or parametrial involvement, 4 cases had only parametrial involvement and 3 cases showed both involvement. Out of 3 cases with 3+ positivity, all 3 cases had involvement of both. Even though cervical carcinoma cases with involvement of lymph node and parametrium showed stronger HER-2/neu staining, a significant correlation between these variables was not established (p=0.107) [Table 4].

DISCUSSION
Three cases of chronic cervicitis and two cases of chronic cervicitis with squamous metaplasia were studied in the present study. HER-2/neu staining was negative in all cases. Gupta et al [9] noticed out of 20 cases, most of the cases exhibited no or faint (1+) staining, except one case of chronic cervicitis exhibited moderate (2+) intensity of staining. Cases of squamous metaplasia were negative for HER-2/neu expression.

Four cases of CIN were encountered in the present study. HER-2/neu positivity was not noted in all CIN cases. In contrast to present study HER-2/neu expression was noted in 37.5% of CIN cases by Li et al [10] while 60% of CIN cases showed HER-2/neu positivity in a study by Gupta et al. [9] Protrka et al [11] reported HER-2/neu expression in 66% of CIN cases. Joseph et al [12] stated HER-2/neu positivity in 70% of CIN cases. The reason for discordance between studies could be due to the fact that less number of cases was analyzed in the present study. HER-2/neu expression was noticed in 23 cases (56%) of cervical carcinoma in present study. According to various studies expression of HER-2/neu in cervical carcinoma ranged from 12.1% to 100%.[9-19] This variability may be possibly due to the difference in number of cases analyzed, variation in stage of tumor and in experimental procedure. Costa et al [13] stated HER-2/neu expression in 77% of cervical carcinomas while Lakshmi et al [14] reported HER-2/neu expression in 96.8% of squamous cell carcinomas of cervix. Ndubisi et al [15] observed HER-2/neu expression in 34 cases out of 150 (22%). In the present study, 10 cases of adenocarcinoma were analyzed. 2 cases of well differentiated adenocarcinoma showed 1+ positivity while each 2 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma showed 1 + a n d 2+ positivity. However a significant correlation was not established between HER-2/neu expression and grade of adenocarcinoma (p=0.46). Similar to this study, Kihana et al, [16] Mandai et al [17] and Joseph et al [12] also did not find any relation between HER-2/neu expression and grade of adenocarcinoma. Squamous Cell Carcinoma belonging to moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas showed 2+ and 3+ positivity where as well differentiated carcinoma shows only 1+ positivity. Also among 3 cases with 3+ positivity 2 cases (66.66%) belonged to moderately differentiated carcinoma while remaining 1 case (33.33%) belonged to poorly differentiated carcinoma. But no correlation was established between HER-2/neu expression and grade of SCC (p=0.935). Similar to the present study, Mandai et al, [17] Ray et al [18] and Joseph et al [12] also did not find any correlation between HER-2/neu expression and grade of SCC. It was found that higher intensity of HER-2/neu expression among cases under stage III and IV. A statistically significant relationship was not established between HER-2/neu expression and stage of the tumor. Contrary to this Ndubisi et al [15] and Gupta et al [9] found a significant correlation between HER-2/neu expression and higher stage of cervical carcinoma. Ndubisi et al [15] had studied HER-2/neu expression in 150 cases of cervical carcinoma while Gupta et al [9] had analyzed 65 cases of cervical carcinoma. The confrontation between the present study and other studies could be due to the small number of cases analyzed in the present study. Similar to present study, Joseph et al [12] did not find any relation between HER-2/neu expression and higher stage of cervical carcinoma. Joseph et al [12] studied HER-2/ neu expression in 24 cases of cervical carcinoma. Mandai et al [17] and Yong et al [19] analyzed HER-2/neu expression in 39 and 74 cases of cervical adenocarcinoma respectively and reported that a significant correlation existed between HER-2/neu expression and lymph node metastasis. Yong et al [19] found the expression of c-erbB-2 in 34 cases. Gupta et al [9] analyzed HER-2 expression in 65 cases of cervical carcinomas and stated that intensity of staining correlated with presence of parametrial extension. The confrontation between the present study and the above mentioned studies could be due to the less number of cases analyzed. Similar to our present study, Joseph et al [12] did not find any relation between HER-2/neu expression with parametrium and lymph node involvement Lakshmi et al [14] and Gupta et al [9] reported gradual progression in HER-2/neu expression from premalignant to malignant. Overall squamous cell carcinomas showed a significantly stronger staining (3+) with HER-2/neu. Gupta et al [9] also reported a significantly higher expression of HER-2/neu in squamous carcinoma of cervix. As stronger HER-2/neu expression was noted among higher stage tumors and those with parametrial and lymph node involvement it can be assumed that HER-2/neu expression in cervical carcinomas is a poor prognostic factor. In the present study, HER-2/neu expression did not correlate significantly with grade of the tumor, stage at presentation or with presence of parametrial/ lymph node involvement.

CONCLUSION
Incidence of HER-2/neu expression in cervical cancer suggests the role of this gene in tumor genesis. A statistically significant correlation was not established between HER-2/ neu expression and various parameters that were analyzed namely stage of tumor, grade of tumor and presence of lymph node and parametrial extension. Detailed study of various factors associated with HER-2/neu over expression and its positivity rates in cervical tumors is required to enrich our knowledge concerning the role of Her-2/neu in path physiology of malignancy, response to treatment and promise of monoclonal antibody therapy as well as other approaches.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Authors wish to express and convey their sincere thanks and gratitude to all those who helped for completion of this research article. Authors acknowledge the immense help received from the scholars whose articles are cited and included in references of this manuscript. The authors are also grateful to author’s /editors/ publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature for this article has been reviewed and discussed. Authors declare and acknowledge that we have no conflict of interest.

References:

1. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11 [Internet]. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2013. Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr, accessed on 23rd July 2014.

2. Wadhwani R, Bamnia R, Meena M. Clinico-pathological analysis of cancer cervix in tertiary care centre. J Evol Med Den Sci. 2013;2(39):7381-85.

3. Dueñas-Gonzalez A, Cetina L, Mariscal I, de la Garza J. Modern management of locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev. 2003;29:389-99.

4. Singleton TP, Niehans GA, Gu F, Litz CE, Hagen K, Qiu Q, et al. Detection of c-erbB-2 activation in paraffin-embedded tissue by immunohistochemistry. Hum Pathol 1992 Oct:23(10);1141-50.

5. Nevin J, Laing D, Kaye P, McCulloch T, Barnard R, Silcocks P, et al. The significance of Erb-b2 immunostaining in cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1999;73:354-8

6. Reyes HD, Thiel KW, Carlson MJ, Meng X, Yang S, Stephan J, et al. Comprehensive profiling of EGFR/HER receptors for personalized treatment of gynecologic cancers. MolDiagnTher. 2014;18(2):137-51.

7. Iqbal N, Iqbal N. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Cancers: Overexpression and Therapeutic Implications. Mol Biol Int [Internet]. 2014;2014:1-9. Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mbi/2014/852748/

8. Wolff AC, Hammond MEH, Hicks DG, Dowsett M, McShane LM, Allison KH, et al. Recommendations for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Testing in Breast Cancer. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Clinical Practice Guideline Update. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014; 138: 241–256.

9. Gupta N, Singh S, Marwah N, Kumar S, Chabra S, Sen R. HER2/neu expression in lesions of uterine cervix: Is it reliable and consistent?. Indian J PatholMicrobiol. 2009;52:482-5.

10. Li G, Yu D, Zhong-Qiu W. Significance of EGFR, HER-2 and VEGF expressions in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res Clin. 2013;25(11):750-3.

11. Protrka Z, Mitrovi? S, Arsenijevi? N, Baskic D, Radosavljevic G, Stankovic M, et al.HER-2 expression in uterine cervix carcinogenesis. J BUON. 2007;12(1):91-7.

12. Joseph T and Raghuveer CV. HER-2/neu expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma. International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research 2015; 6(01):47- 52.

13. Costa MJ, Walls J, Trelford JD. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein overexpression in uterine cervix carcinoma with glandular differentiation. A frequent event but not an independent prognostic marker because it occurs late in the disease. Am J Clin Pathol. 1995;104:634-42.

14. Lakshmi S, Nair MB, Jayaprakash PG, Rajalekshmy TN, Nair MK, Pillai MR. c- erbB-2 oncoprotein and epidermal growth factor receptor in cervical lesions. Pathobiology. 1997;65:163-8.

15. Ndubisi B, Sanz S, Lu L, Podczaski E, Benrubi G, Masood S. The prognostic value of HER-2/neu oncogene in cervical cancer. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1997;27(6):396-401.

16. Kihana T, Tsuda H, Teshima S,Nomoto K, Tsugane S, Sonoda T, et al. Prognostic significance of the overexpression of cerbB-2 protein in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer. 1994;73:148-53.

17. Mandai M, Konishi I, Koshiyama M, Komatsu T, Yamamoto S, Nanbu K, et al. Altered expression of nm23-H1 and c-erb B-2 proteins have prognostic significance in adenocarcinoma but not in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer. 1995;75:2523-9.

18. Ray A, Naik SL, Sharma BK. Distribution of prognostically unfavorable product of C-erb B-2 oncogene and EGFR in carcinomas of the breast and uterine cervix. Indian J PhysiolPharmacol. 2002;46(4):423-33.

19. Yong H, Shumo C, Shaoyin Y, Daren S. Expression of c-erbB-2 and PCNA in cervical adenocarcinoma and its signification. Chin J Canc Res. 1998;10(1):68-70.

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

COPE guidelines for Reviewers

SCOPUS indexing: 2014, 2019 to 2021

Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award:

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23

A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22

A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21

A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20

A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19

A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.

A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17

A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.

A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15

A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14

A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13

A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12

A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11

A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10

A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09

A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08

A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07

A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06

A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05

A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04

A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03

A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02

A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01

A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24

A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23

A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22

A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21

A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20

A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19

A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18

A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17

A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16

A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15

A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14

A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13

A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12

A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11

A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10

A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09

A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08

A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07

A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness

A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health

A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06

A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia

A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05

A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04

A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03

A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02

A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01

A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24

A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23

A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22

A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21

A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20

A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19

A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18

A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17

A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16

A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15

A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020

A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"

A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13

A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for Vol 12 issue 12

A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for Vol 12 issue 11

A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for Vol 12 issue 10

A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for Vol 12 issue 09

A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for Vol 12 issue 08

A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for Vol 12 issue 07

A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20

A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR

A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13

A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR

A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR.

A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award

A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award

RSS feed

IJCRR

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY STUDY FOR HER-2/NEU EXPRESSION IN LESIONS OF UTERINE CERVIX

RSS feed

ABOUT US

Useful links

Useful links

Contact