International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
logo
slider
slider
slider
slider
Bootstrap Slider

Indexed and Abstracted in: Crossref, CAS Abstracts, Publons, Google Scholar, Open J-Gate, ROAD, Indian Citation Index (ICI), ResearchGATE, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, WorldCat (World's largest network of library content and services)

Search Articles

Track manuscript

Full Html

IJCRR - 2(8), August, 2010

Pages: 25-32

Print Article   Download XML  Download PDF

STRENGTHENING AND UPGRADING OF SUB-CENTERS IS ESSENTIAL IN THE EXISTING PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SYSTEM: A STUDY CONDUCTED IN A BLOCK OF WARDHA DISTRICT

Author: Abhay Bhausaheb Mudey, Mehiliquea S, Ramchandra C. Goyal, Vasant V Wagh

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Background: Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) have prescribed certain standards providing basic primary health care services to the community. Sub-centers are still snowed under certain problems like non-availability of required staff, inadequate physical infrastructure and insufficient quantity of drugs and lack of community participation. Hence the present study was undertaken with the objectives to assess the availability and adequacy of paramedical and supporting staff, infrastructure facilities and their extent of utilization . Methods: This cross-sectional multistage sampling study which was carried out in 31 sub-centers of a Block of Wardha district, Maharashtra. IPHS assessment tool was used to collect information/data by interviews and observations technique. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with all the staff. Observations and responses were recorded in the prescribed IPHS format. Results: The study reveals that adequate Immunization, Ante-natal and Family planning services were available at all Sub-centers. Health Workers (female) were available (100%), Voluntary worker (51.61%) whereas Health Workers (male) were not available at any of the sub-centre. In majority of Sub-centers Drugs (40%), Equipments (48.78%), Furniture (44.66%), Basic sanitation and Infrastructure are inadequate and was fall short of IPHS expectations.
Conclusion:
Hence balancing Infrastructure, pooling resources, Intersectoral co-ordination, optimization of health manpower, decentralization of Health Programmes is necessary to fulfill the criteria of IPHS of sub-centers in each Block.

Keywords: NRHM, IPHS, Sub- Centers, Block of District, Public health infrastructure.

Full Text:

Introduction:

It was recognized that in both developed and developing countries the standard of health services that the public expected was not being provided [1]. At the Joint WHO-UNICEF International Conference in 1978 at Alma-Ata (USSR) proclaimed Primary Health Care as a way to achieve the goal of Health for All. The Alma-Ata Declaration called on all governments to formulate national policies, strategies and plan of action to launch and sustain primary health care as part of a National Health System[2]. In India the first formal National Health Policy was formulated in 1983 and since then there has been marked changes in the determining factors relating to the health sectors and health status.

India is the second largest country in terms of population. In the public sector of rural India, health care services are provided through a network of Sub-Health Centers (sub-centers), Primary Health Centers (PHC), and Community Health Centers (CHC). The Health Care System in India has expanded considerably over the past few decades. There are 1, 44,988 Subcentre, 22,669 PHCs and 3,910 CHCs functioning in the country [3]. The subcentre provides interface with the community at the grass root level providing primary health care services [3].

Though such a vast network of health centers in rural areas looks impressive, sub-center area is still plagued by certain problems like non-availability of required staff and even if they are posted there is always, lack of training programmes in skilled works like family planning and immunization, inadequate physical infrastructure and facilities, insufficient quantity of drugs, and lack of community participation. Upgrading Public Heath Infrastructure in rural areas to measurable standards of quality is being introduced in order to improve the quality of services in these health care centers is a key strategic intervention under the National Rural Health

Mission (NRHM)[4]. A task group under the chairmanship of Director General of Health Services, Government of India, was constituted to recommend the standards to be called as Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS). The overall objective of IPHS is to provide health care that is quality oriented and sensitive to the needs of the community. These are a set of standards envisaged to improve the quality of healthcare delivery in the country under the National Rural Health Mission[5].

Sub-centre are accountable for Assured services like MCH and Family Planning services in which Ante-natal, intranatal, post-natal, new born and child care including immunization, contraception, adolescent health care, assistance to school health services, Janani Suraksha Yojana, treatment of minor ailments and First aid services whereas the specific services of SC includes visit of the doctor at Sub-centre at least once in a month at fixed day and time, Visit of the Health Assistant (male) or LHV to the Sub-Centre at least once a week, facility for referral of complicated cases of pregnancy / delivery available at Sub centre for 24 hours, the ANM/any trained personnel accompany the woman in labour to the referred care facility, the facility for Peripheral blood smear in fever cases and availability of DOTs at the sub-centre. As sub-centers are the first contact point between the health facility and community, the success of any country would depend on well functioning of sub-centers providing services of acceptable standard to the people. Hence it was felt necessary to assess the availability and adequacy of Paramedical staff, support manpower, infrastructure facilities and their extent of utilization at various Sub-centers in a Block of Wardha district, as per IPHS.

Material and Methods The present study was carried out with the aim of an assessment of Public Health Infrastructure at various Subcenters in a selected block of Wardha district using Indian Public Health Standards stated under National Rural Health Mission.

This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out during January 2008 to March 2008 at Sub-centers of Six Primary health care centers (PHC) of one Block of a Wardha district (MS) of Central India, which is also a field practice area of research institute and a medical college.

There are eight blocks in this district from which the study block was selected by simple random sampling. The selected block contains six PHCs with cumulative population of 1, 83,583. All the 31 sub-centers of these six PHCs were further selected for study by Purposive sampling.

An assessment of Sub-Centers was done against Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) recommended by Director General of Health Services, Government of India. At all sub-centers data was collected by observations and face to face interview with Health Workers. Observations and responses were entered in the prescribed IPHS format for sub-centre[3].

Study tool: Indian Public Health Standards (NRHM) assessment tool/ check list was used to conduct the interviews at the facility level. The check lists were comprised mainly of location, average daily OPD attendance, services availability, staffing pattern, physical infrastructure, equipments, water supply, sewerage, waste disposal, electricity, communication facilities, drugs, equipments and furniture of subcenters.

Data entry and analysis: The collected data was entered into Microsoft office excels for analysis. Mean as a statistical technique was used to calculate the average percentage of the services, staffing pattern, physical infrastructure equipments and drugs in Sub-centers.

Results Assured services like adequate immunization, ante-natal, and family planning services were available at all Sub-centers. All sub-centers of five PHCs were existed in designated government building except one sub-centre (16.66%) existed on shared basis with Anganwadi and one sub-centre (16.66%) existed on shared basis with Zilla Parishad building . The five subcenters (83.34%) of the 6th Waifad PHC were existed in designated-government building except one sub-centre (16.66%) which was on rent.

At fifteen sub-centers (48.38%) the ANM do not reside at the sub-centre staff quarters and at six sub-centers (37.5%) ANMs, who resides at subcentre quarter has occupied even the clinical space for their residential use. Health Worker (female) was available at all the 31 sub-centers, whereas Health Worker (male) was not available at any of the sub-centre. Voluntary worker to keep the Sub-Centre clean and assisting ANM was not available at sixteen sub-centres (51.61%). Equipments available at Sub-centers of five PHCs were between 49-52% except at sub-centers of Deoli PHCs where availability is (41.81%). Furniture availability at sub-centers of Giroli PHC was (52.7%) whereas in the other PHCs sub center it was less than 50%. Drugs Kit A was available (50%) at sub-centres of Deoli PHC; (83.33%) of Giroli PHC; (50%) of Vijaygopal PHC; (50%) of Nachangaon PHC, (83.33%) of Gaul PHC and (66.66%) of Waifad PHC. Drug Kit B was partially available at all sub-centers of all six PHCs. Contraceptive Nirodh and oral pills were available at 18(58.06%) sub centers whereas Copper T was available at only 8(25.80%) sub centers. Emergency contraceptive pills were not available at any sub-centre. Toilet facility was not available at twenty nine sub-centers (93.54%).

Discussion

MCH and Family Planning services like Ante-natal , intra-natal, post-natal, new born and child care including immunization, contraception, adolescent health care, assistance to school health services, Janani Suraksha Yojana, treatment of minor ailments and First aid services were available at all Sub-centers. All sub-centers of six PHCs were existed in designated government building except three sub-centers (09.67%) which are existed on shared basis with Anganwadi, Zilla parishad and one SC was on rent basis whereas Khan M.E et al. (1999)[6] in a situation analysis report of Sitapur district done in 1999 in five block level PHCs found that

out of 54 sub-centers only a few sub-centers were situated in government- owned buildings whereas most of the sub-centers were functioning in a small room with no electricity or toilet facilities.

Toilet facility was not available at twenty nine sub-centers (93.54%), the same findings are noted in Social Audit in NRHM (2007)[7] where not all of the centers are running in a Pakka Makan (brick houses) and most of the centre do not have toilet facility.

At fifteen sub-centers (48.38%) the ANM do not reside at the sub-centre staff quarters and at six sub-centers (37.5%) ANMs, who reside at subcentre Quarter, have occupied even the clinical space for their residential use. Kumar BL (1995) [8] in his study in Gujarat in 1995 has found that about 80% of the sub-centre staff does not stay at the headquarters.

Health Worker (female) was available at all the 31 sub-centers, whereas Health Worker (male) was not available at any of the sub-centers. Voluntary worker to keep the Sub-Centre clean and assisting ANM was not available at sixteen sub-centers (51.61%).but Social Audit in NRHM (2007) [7] revealed that not every Sub-centre has a female health worker.

Furniture availability at sub-centers of Giroli PHC was (52%) followed by Deoli PHC (48%), Waifad PHC (48%), Nachangaon PHC (40%), Vijaygopal PHC (36%) and Gaul PHC (32%).But Foo and Gillian H.C.(1996)[9] in his report on the furniture in four states reported that examination table, chairs for clients, benches for waiting patients were available in all the sub-centers of the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

Equipments available at Sub-centers of five PHCs were between 49-52% except at sub-centers of Deoli PHCs where availability is (41.81%) Agrawal Monica et al (2001) [10] in a study in Lucknow stated that all the centers were well equipped whereas Ramana GNV, Devi R, Praksamma et al (1995) [11] in a baseline survey in Shamirpet PHC of Andhra Pradesh in 1995, it was found that many health workers lacked Stethoscopes, Blood Pressure cuffs or both because of which BP was generally not checked at the subcenters. Weighing scale, examination table and chairs for clients, benches for waiting patients were also not available. Drugs Kit A was available at (83.33%) sub-centers of Giroli and Gaul PHC; (66.66%) of Waifad PHC; (50%) subcenters of Vijaygopal, Deoli and Nachangaon PHC whereas Drug Kit B was partially available at all sub-centers of six PHCs. Gandotra et al (1997)[12] in a case study from Gujrat reported that all sub-centers were always short of medicines and contraceptives. Population Council, Sitapur Report (1995) [5] stated that Autoclaves and sterilizers were seen in 12% of the subcenters whereas examination table, stethoscope, and weighing scale were available at only 5-25% sub-centers It is concluded that majority of subcenters fall short of IPHS expectations. Paramedical staff, basic equipments, furniture, drugs and Infrastructure are inadequate whereas facilities for sanitation and cleanliness are lacking at many centers and where it is present was not up to the mark and satisfactory.

Conclusion and Recommendations

? Hence balancing Infrastructure, pooling resources, Intersectoral Coordination, optimization of health manpower, decentralization of health programmes is necessary to fulfill the criteria of IPHS of sub-centers in each Block.

? Recruitment or contractual appointment of sub-center staff has to be done

? All the Sub-centers should run in government-owned building with adequate space, Drugs, Equipments and furniture should be provided.

? Every centre should maintained cleanliness specially toilets.

? Improvement in drug supply chain is extremely important to improve extent of utilization of services.

 

 

 

 

References:

1. Kleczkowski, B.M. „ Health care facilities in developing countries? WHO Chronicle 30: 363-9, September 1976.

2. WHO (1978) Health for All Sr.No.1.

3. Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) for Sub-centre, Director General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, February, 2007

4. Mission Document, National Rural Health Mission, Ministry of Health and family Welfare, Government of India, April, 2005

5. Population Council, 1995. Situational analysis of Family Welfare Programme in Sitapur district of U.P., New Delhi: Population Council, New Delhi 1995

6. Khan M.E., Patel Bella C. and Gupta R.B., The Quality of Family Planning Services in Uttar Pradesh from the Perspective of Service Providers. : In Improving Quality of Care in India?s Family Welfare Programme edited by Micheal A., Koenig and M.E.Khan. Population Council, 1999; p.238-269

7. Social Audit of NRHM in two states, Empowering the poor for claiming their health rights, a report of Utter Pradesh and Uttarkhand, Centre for Health and Social justice-New Delhi,

8 August 2007 8. Kumar BL. Primary Health Care in Gujrat: Evidence on Utilization, Mismatches and Wastage; GIDR Working Paper No: 149, October 2004

9. Foo, Gillian H-C. A synthesis of research finding on quality of service in Indian Family Welfare Programme, Proceedings from a National Workshop on Operational Research for improving quality of services. Bangalore, Karnataka; 1996

10. Ranjeeta Kumari, MZ Idris, Viddya Bhushan and et al; Study on patient satisfaction in the government allopathic health facilities of Lucknow district: Indian Journal of Community Medicine; Volume: 34; Issue:1; Year: 2009; Page: 35-42

11. Ramana GNV, Devi R, Praksamma et al (1995) Improving Quality of care at Shamirpet Primary Health Center, Andhra Pradesh, Population Manager, Vol.5, 1997

12. Gandotra MM, Khan ME, Shah U et al. Quality of Family Welfare services in India: A case study of Gujarat Population Research Center, Baroda and Population Council, New Delhi, 1997

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

COPE guidelines for Reviewers

SCOPUS indexing: 2014, 2019 to 2021


Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11
A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05
A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


RSS feed

Indexed and Abstracted in


Antiplagiarism Policy: IJCRR strongly condemn and discourage practice of plagiarism. All received manuscripts have to pass through "Plagiarism Detection Software" test before Toto Macau forwarding for peer review. We consider "Plagiarism is a crime"

IJCRR Code of Conduct: To achieve a high standard of publication, we adopt Good Publishing Practices (updated in 2022) which are inspired by guidelines provided by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

Disclaimer: International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal.



ABOUT US

International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

Contact

148, IMSR Building, Ayurvedic Layout,
        Near NIT Complex, Sakkardara,
        Nagpur-24, Maharashtra State, India

editor@ijcrr.com

editor.ijcrr@gmail.com


Copyright © 2024 IJCRR. Specialized online journals by ubijournal .Website by Ubitech solutions