International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
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IJCRR - 4(18), September, 2012

Pages: 89-93

Date of Publication: 29-Sep-2012


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SYMPATHETIC REACTIVITY TO COLD PRESSOR TEST IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF HYPERTENSIVE AND NORMOTENSIVE PARENTS

Author: Rinku Garg, Yogesh Tripathi, Varun Malhotra

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Background: Essential hypertension shows familial predisposition. It is detectable at an early age in descendants of hypertensive parents following sympathetic stimulation. Aims and objectives: The present study was designed to examine the response in the blood pressure to the cold pressor test in medical students of hypertensive parents and to compare it with age-matched controls of medical students of normotensive parents. Material and Methods: Cold pressor test was performed in the study and control groups. First basal blood pressure was recorded and afterwards subjects were asked to dip left arm in the cold water (temperature at 2-40 C) for 2 minutes and blood pressure was recorded from the right arm in sitting position. Blood pressure was again recorded 5 minutes after hand was taken out of the cold water. Results and conclusions: Results showed that basal systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher (p < 0.001) in students of hypertensive parents as compared to students of normotensive parents. During cold pressor test, rise in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher (p< 0.001) in the study group of hypertensive parents. Children of hypertensive parents require regular monitoring of blood pressure for an early detection of hypertension as it is well known that lifestyle and dietary modifications can be helpful in prevention of, future hypertension related issues.

Keywords: hypertension, cold pressor test, baseline blood pressure

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION
Blood pressure is defined as the lateral pressure exerted by the column of flowing blood on the blood vessel wall. Hypertension is the increase in blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg measured on three separate occasions1. In about 88% of the patients with hypertension, cause of hypertension is unknown and they are said to have essential hypertension. Essential hypertension is polygenic in nature (2).Genetic factors as well as environmental factors play an important role in the development of primary hypertension3-6. High blood pressure before the age of 55 years occurs 3.8 times more in individuals with a family history of hypertension6 . Sympathetic system has been implicated to be overactive in these individuals7-11.Individuals developing hypertension at a later age might have an altered physiology at a very young age12.Blood pressure regulating mechanisms have been shown to be hyperactive in these individuals13.There are different sets of genes that regulate blood pressure during rest and during cold pressor test and are independent of each othe5 . Main circulatory alteration in essential hypertension might be due to increased vascular peripheral resistance or a raised cardiac output15.People at high risk for high blood pressure may have an exaggerated stress-induced cardiovascular response at a younger age13. Cold pressor test is a satisfactory method in studying the reactivity of blood pressure14. Cardiovascular reactivity to stress has pathophysiological role in hypertension12. . The aim of the present study was to examine the blood pressure response following sympathetic stimulation in the form of cold pressor test in the medical students of hypertensive parents and compare it with the age-matched controls of normotensive parents. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad .Ethical approval was taken from the research committee of the Institution. Fifty medical students in the age group of 17-24 years with family history of hypertension (either single parent or both parents) were recruited for the study and the results were compared with fifty age-matched medical students with no familial history of hypertension. Informed consent was taken from all the medical students. Medical students with H/o any chronic illness, on any medication, smokers were excluded from the study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups Group I-control group with no family h/o hypertension Group II-study group with family h/o hypertension Procedure of the cold pressor test (CPT) was explained to all the students participating in the study. Before the test, subjects were allowed to rest for 10 minutes in a quiet room to reduce the anxiety. Basal blood pressure of all the subjects was measured by auscultatory method with the help of mercury sphygmomanometer (DIAMOND).First Kortkoff sound indicated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and fifth Kortkoff sound indicated diastolic blood pressure(DBP). Mean blood pressure (MBP) was calculated as diastolic blood pressure + 1/3rd of Pulse Pressure. Cold pressor test was done in both the study group and control groups. After recording basal blood pressure, subjects were asked to dip left arm in the cold water (temp at 2- 4 0 C) for 2 minutes and blood pressure was recorded from the right arm. Blood pressure was again recorded 5 minutes after hand was taken out from the cold water.Results were analysed by ANOVA with SPSS version 17.0 using unpaired‘t’ test

RESULTS
Data presented in Table 1 shows that there was significant increase in the basal SBP,DBP &MBP in the individuals as compared to group I and values were statistically significant(p<0.001). In group II, SBP,DBP &MBP increase was much more pronounced in comparison to group I during the cold pressor test( p<0.001).Five minutes after cold pressor test, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure was higher in group II(p<0.001) in comparison to group I.

It is evident from Fig 1 that there was significant increase in basal systolic (9.43%), diastolic (10.46%) and mean blood pressure (8.45%) in group II individuals in comparison to group I. With the application of cold stress, percent increase in diastolic (16.69%) and mean blood pressure (11.6%) was much more higher in comparison to that of systolic blood pressure (8.79%)in group II individuals. Five minutes after removal of the cold pressor stimulus, percent increase in diastolic (24.3%) and mean blood pressure (15.2%) was significantly higher as compared to that of percent increase in systolic blood pressure (9.59%) in group II individuals. DISCUSSION Results of the present study showed a significant increase in the basal SBP, DBP &MBP in the study group of hypertensive parents. In the study group, CPT increased blood pressure significantly after 5 minutes as compared to control group of normotensive parents. It has been reported that systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases significantly in the offsprings of hypertensive parents which might be due to increased cardiovascular reactivity occurring as result of higher sympathetic activity in offsprings of hypertensive parents16 . Increased sympathetic activity induced by cold water stress causes norepinephrine release and elevation of blood pressure. Increase in blood pressure might also be contributed by release of endothelins, prostaglandins and angiotensin II23 . It has been showed that subjects from the hypertensive families had greater and prolonged responsiveness to sympathetic stimulation in the form of cold pressor test in comparison to the subjects from the non-hypertensive families with increase in systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure,however increase in diastolic blood pressure was much more pronounced11.Other similar studies suggest a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure(p<0.001)16. Results of the present study were partially similar to that of Khaliq et al10 who reported that increase in the diastolic and mean blood pressure in the subjects was significantly higher with family history of hypertension which was similar to our study.However,findings contradictory to the present study showed that baseline blood pressure significantly did not differ in study and control groups with and without family history of hypertension in their study and returned to baseline values within 5 minutes after CPT in all groups. Results of the present study were contradictory to that of Verma et al 18 as in their study,basal systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure were not significantly higher in study group with family history of hypertension as compared to control group with no family history of hypertension. Although, cold pressor test significantly increased the blood pressure in the study group as compared to control group and recovery of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher than resting values of systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure which were in confirmation to the present study18 . Gupta et al19 have showed that children of subjects with hypertension , increased incidence of persistently elevated blood pressures than that of children from families with no history of hypertension20. Another study showed that mean 24-hour blood pressure was higher in the offsprings of two hypertensive parents as compared to the offspring of two normotensive parents15. Raise in blood pressure of children of hypertensive parents may be due to hereditary factor of hypertensive parents (single or both).Stimulation of sympathetic nervous system in the form of cold pressor test results in increase in arterial pressure either due to increase in heart rate and force of contraction, causing an increase in cardiac output and systolic blood pressure or due to vasoconstriction and resultant increase in total peripheral resistance and diastolic blood pressure21.Results of the present study were similar to that of Rajashekhar RK et al22 who studied that siblings of hypertensives had a higher basal systolic and diastolic blood pressures,however mean areterial blood pressure was not included in their study. CONCLUSIONS Early detection of hypertension in the children of hypertensive parents is of prime importance as lifestyle modification can be started at an early age and cardiovascular risk can be avoided. Routine screening must be performed to detect asymptomatic hypertension amongst adolescents with the family history of hypertension. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors are thankful to Dr.R.K.Arya,Professor &HOD,Department of Community Medicine,for his help in statistics. Conflict of Interest:Nil.

References:

1. World Health Organisation Expert Committee:Hypertension Control Technical Report Series 862 Geneva,WHO 1996.

2. Ganong WF.Cardiovascular homeostasis in health and disease.In:Ganong WF,ed.Review of medical physiology.22nd ed.Newyork :McGraw Hill:2005,p,631-646.

3. Mcllhany ML,Shaffer JW,Hines EA Jr: The heritability of blood pressure :an investigation of 200 pairs of twins using the cold pressor test.John Hopkins Med J 1975;136(2):57-64.

4. Thacker EA:A comparative study of normal and abnormal blood pressure among university students,including the cold-pressor test.American Heart Journal 1940;20(1):89-97.

5. Busjahn A,Faulhaber HD,Viken RJ,Rose RJ,Luft FC:Genetic influences on blood pressure with the cold-pressor test:a twin study.J Hypertens 1996;14(10):1195-9.

6. Williams RR,Hunt SC,Hasstedt SJ,Hopkins PN,Wu LL,Berry TD,Stults BM,Barlow GK,Schumacher MC,Lifton RP: Are there any interactions and relations between genetic and environmental factors predisposing to high blood pressure. Hypertension 1991;18(3):129- 37.

7. Mancia G,Di Rienzo M,Giannattasio C,Parati G,Grassi G:Early and late sympathetic activation in hypertension.Scand Cacrdiovasc J Suppl 1998;47:9-14

8. Grassi,Guido:Role of sympathetic nervous system in human hypertension.Journal of Hypertension 1998;16(12):1979-1987.

9. Quattro VD,Feng M.The sympathetic nervous system:the muse of primary hypertension.Journal of Human Hypertension 2002;16(1):s64-s69.

10. Khaliq F,Gupta K,Singh P. Autonomic reactivity to cold pressor test in prehypertensive and hypertensive medical students.Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2011;55(3):246-252.

11. Parmanik T,Regmi P,Adhikari P,Roychowdhury P.Cold pressor test as a predicto.r of hypertension.J The Univ Heart Ctr 2009; 3:177-180

12. Mathews KA,Woodall KL,Allen MT.Cardiovascular reactivity to stress predicts future blood pressure status.Hypertension 1993;22:479-485.

13. Menkes MS,Matthews KA,Krantz DS,Lundberg U,Mead LA,Qaqish B,Liang KY,Thomas CB,Pearson TA:Cardiovascular reactivity to the cold pressor test as a predictor of hypertension.Hypertension 1989;14(5):524- 30.

14. Edgar A,Hines Jr:The significance of vascular hypertension as measured by the cold- pressor test.American Heart Journal 1940;19:408-416.

15. Hooft IMV,Grobbee DE, Waal-Manning HJ,Hofman A.Hemodynamic characteristics of the early phase of primary hypertension.The Dutch Hypertension and offspring study.Circulation 1993;87:1100-1106.

16. Walia V,Ahuja J,Kaur P.Cardiovascular reactivity to cold pressor test in offspring ofnormotensive and hypertensive parents.The Indian Journal of Medical Research 1994;99:38-41.

17. Douglas C, George DS,Gonneke W,David S,Peter M S,JohnEJG,Peter CE.Blood pressure reactions to the cold pressor test and the prediction of ischaemic heart disease:data from the carephilly study.J Epidemiol Community Health 1998;52:528-529.

18. Verma V,Singh SK,Ghosh S:Identification of susceptibility to hypetension by the cold pressor test.Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2005;49(1):119-120. )

19. Gupta AK.Influence of family history of morbid cardiovascular events on blood pressure of school children.Indian Paediatr 1991;28(2):131-9.

20. Thomas J. Meharry Cahort study.J Natl Medl Assoc.82(6):409-412.

21. Nageswari KS,Sharma R,Kohli DR.Assessment of respiratory and sympathetic cardiovascular parameters in obese school children.Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;51(3):235-243.

22. Rajashekhar RK,Niveditha Y,Ghosh S.Blood pressure response to cold pressor test in siblings of hypertensives.Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2003;47(4)453-458.

23. Velasco M,Gomez J,Blanco M,Rodriguez I.The cold pressor test:pharmacological and therapeutic aspects.American Journal of Threaputics 1997;4(1):34-38.

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Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
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A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
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A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
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A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
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A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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