International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
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IJCRR - 5(3), February, 2013

Pages: 92-96

Date of Publication: 18-Feb-2013


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INCIDENCE OF CANDIDIASIS AND TRICHOMONIASIS IN LEUCORRHOEA PATIENTS

Author: Supriya Panda, P.Nagamanasa, Sandhya Sri Panda, T.V. Ramani

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Objective: Aim of the present study was to know the incidence of candidiasis and trichomoniasis in women of childbearing age complaining leucorrhoea. Methods: Vaginal swabs collected from each patient were processed immediately for hanging drop, wet mount and 10% KOH mount preparations; and gram stain. Culture was done on Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar. Candida isolates were identified by germ tube test, chlamydospore formation, sugars fermentation and assimilation tests. Results: Out of 50 cases included in this study, 17 cases (34%) were negative for both Candida and T. vaginalis. T.vaginalis was present in 3 cases (6%) and Candida in 26 cases (52%). Mixed infection by both was present in 4 cases (8%). C.albicans was the commonest candida species (83%) causing leucorrhoea. Leucorrhoea was more common in 31-35 years old and who came from rural areas. Low back pain and pain in the lower abdomen was the most common associated clinical feature. Conclusion: Present study reveals that candidiasis and trichomniasis are the most common cause of leucorrhoea.

Keywords: leucorrhoea, Candida, T. vaginalis

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION

Leucorrhoea is the most common complaint among sexually active women of childbearing age in primary health care (1). Physiological leucorrhoea does not need medical intervention. However leucorrhoea with profuse quantity, foul smell, with changes in its colour or with blood seek immediate medical assistance. It is a symptom associated with many illnesses and having varied aetiology. It is difficult to treat because the signs and symptoms are not specific for any single underlying cause (2). Infection of vaginal mucosa by Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida is the most common cause of leucorrhoea .These are treatable as well as preventable causes as both these infections are transmitted sexually. Although 25 % of both the infections are asymptomatic (3, 4), chronic inflammation would be an anticipated progression to dysplasia if it remains unresolved (5, 6). There is an association between T.vaginalis and the risk of cervical neoplasia (7). Chronic trichomoniasis can cause complications like pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.

AIM

The present study was undertaken to know the incidence of candidiasis and trichomoniasis in married, non-pregnant, nondiabetic women of childbearing age presenting with leucorrhoea in north coastal Andhra Pradesh.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A prospective study of 62 consecutive married, non-pregnant women attending Out Patient Department (OPD) of Gynaecology in MIMS general hospital from June to August 2010 with complaint of leucorrhoea was done. Written consent was taken from them. All of them gave the history of their sexual partner as their spouse.
Exclusion Criteria: age less than 16 years and more than 45 years, diabetes mellitus, sole cervical erosion, cervical growth, endometrial and myometrial growth, unmarried and pregnant women.
 Specimen Collection: Cusco’s speculum was introduced without lubricant. Vaginal discharge was collected in the posterior blade and was taken by 3 cotton swabs. These were transported and processed immediately.

Processing: One swab collected in normal saline was used to prepare Hanging drop preparation immediately in the Gynaecology OPD. With the second swab direct wet mount, 10 % KOH mount and Gram stained smear were prepared. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar medium with gentamycin was inoculated with the third swab and incubated at 37 degree centigrade for 48 hrs. T.vaginalis was identified by its motility in hanging drop and wet mount preparations; in gram stained smear as gram negative, variable shape, with eccentric lenticular nucleus and foamy cytoplasm, slightly larger than a leucocyte(8). Candida isolates were subjected for species identification as Candida albicans by germ tube test, chlamydospore formation in cornmeal agar medium and growth at 42 degree C. Other Candida species were identified by sugars fermentation and sugars assimilation tests (9).

RESULTS

Out of 62 cases presented with leucorrhoea, 12 cases were excluded (sole cervical erosion=6, Cervical polyp=1, fibroid uterus=5) and 50 cases were included in the study.

Clinical profiles included
Age- 19 –45 years, Weight- 40 – 57 Kgs , Rural background- 48 cases ( 96%), Urban background- 2 cases ( 4 %), Low back pain with low abdominal pain- 37 cases ( 74 % ), Pruritus vulvae- 30 cases (60 %), Foul smell discharge- 19 cases (38%), Burning micturation-14 cases ( 28%), Pallor- 7 cases (14%), Per speculum examination- curdy discharge with white flakes- 28 cases, strawberry mucosa- 3 cases Out of 50 patients, 17 cases (34 %) were negative for both Candida and T.vaginalis. Only T.vaginalis was present in 3 cases (6%) and only Candida in 26 cases (52%). Mixed infection by both was seen in 4 cases ( 8% ).Out of 30 cases of candidiasis, 23 cases (77%)were detected by gram stain, 28 cases(93%) by wet mount preparation and 30 cases by culture(100%).All seven cases of trichomoniasis were detected by both wet mount preparation and gram stain. Candida albicans was the commonest species isolated accounting for 83 % of the isolates (25 out of 30).

Follow up:
Out of 50 patients, 24 patients were treated for candidiasis, 3 patients were treated for trichomoniasis and 4 patients for both. Partners were treated by the same regimen directly or indirectly through the clients. All of them were asked for a follow up after 7 days. Repeat test was done in 26 patients after 7-15 days. All of them were negative for both Candida and T.vaginalis.

DISCUSSION

In the present study highest incidence of leucorrhoea was seen in the age group of 31-35 years (34%) followed by 21-25years old (26%). N.Jindal et al from Amritsar has reported a consistent increase in the incidence of leucorrhoea from second to fourth decade of life. This could be because of sexual activity, which is at its peak during this age (10). Most of the women with leucorrhoea presented to Gynaecology OPD with low back pain and pain in the lower abdomen (74%) in our study. Pruritus vulvae was the second common clinical presentation (60%) followed by foul smelling discharge (38%) and burning micturation (28%) in the present study. In a study from Mumbai by Dr.Sampda Rajurkar,Seth G.S.Med. College and KEM hospital, most common symptom associated with leucorrhoea was Low back pain (71.4%) followed by foul smelling discharge (40.3%) and itching (35.3%) (11).Where as a study from Southern Iran had reported commonest clinical manifestation in leucorrhoea patients to be itching (57%) followed by local irritation (30%) and dysparaunea (24%) (12).Out of 50 samples tested, 17(34%) cases were negative for both Candida and T.vaginalis. Twenty six samples (52%) were positive for Candidiasis and 3 cases (6%) were positive for Trichomoniasis. Mixed infection by Candida and T.vaginalis was seen in 4 cases (8%) in our study. In a study from India by Poria VC et al., Candida accounted for 29.33% (by culture) and T.vaginalis accounted for 20%(by wet mount preparation) of leucorrhoea(13).Studies from abroad also revealed similar incidence of Candidiasis in leucorrhoea patient. Abauleth R.et al from France had reported incidence of Candidiasis and trichomoniasis as 29.4% and 6.9% respectively (14). In a study of leucorrhoea in Tibetan community by Dai Q et al, the incidence of candidiasis and trichomoniasis was found to be 6.5% and 2.5% respectively (15). Low rate of incidence in their study is due to their decision to include both symptomatic and asymptomatic women. All the seven cases of Trichomoniasis were reported from women with rural background in our study, but Tanuja Chakraborty et al from Surat has reported higher incidence of Trichomoniasis in urban women than rural women (16).We could not detect any case of Trichomoniasis in urban women. This may be due to inclusion of few numbers of (only 6 number) cases from urban background in our study. T.vaginalis is the cause of acute vaginitis in 5-50% of cases, depending on the population studied (17). Out of 50 women with leucorrhoea, 49 of them gave the history of first occurrence where as only one had recurrent infection in the present study. This is in accordance with the finding that recurrent vulvovaginitis is rare and occurs only in less than 5% of the population (18). In our study, C.albicans was the commonest species isolated (83%), followed by C.tropicalis(7%)and C.guielliermondi(3.3%),C.krusei(3.3%),C.parap silosis(3.3%).Poria VC et al reported an isolation rate of C.albicans to be 56.8%. In their study, C.tropicalis is the most common non-albicans species accounting for 20.4% of the isolates (13).Whereas N.Jindal et.al reported C.glabarata as the most common non-albicans species (11%) in their study and C.albicans accounted for (74.4%) of the isolates (10). According to Linda French et al C.albicans accounts for 80-90% of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis; and among the non-albicans species, C.glabrata is the most common species reported (18). In the present study, mixed infection by both Candida and T.vaginalis was seen in 4 cases. Mixed infection is possible as both share a common route of transmission (sexually transmitted) and several pathogens may coexist (2). Although wet mount preparation is having a sensitivity ranging from 40-75%(18), in our study wet mount preparation was having a sensitivity of 93% and Gram stain was having a sensitivity of 77% for detection of Candida infection.

CONCLUSION

• Leucorrhoea was commonly seen in women who came from rural areas.

• Prevalence of candidiasis (60%) was found to be much higher than trichomoniasis (14%).

• C.albicans contributed for 83% of candidiasis.

• Leucorrhoea was commonly seen in 31-35 years old.

• Low back pain and pain in the lower abdomen was the most common associated clinical features.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We acknowledge the immense help received from the scholars whose articles are cited and included in references of this manuscript. The authors are also grateful to authors /editors /publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature for this article has been reviewed and discussed. Authors are grateful to IJCRR editorial board members and IJCRR team of reviewers who have helped to bring quality to this manuscript.

References:

1. National Centre for Health Statistics. National Ambulatory Medicine Care Survey. Available at www.cdc.com/nchs/about/major/ahcd/ahcd1 .htm

2. Schaaf VM, Perez-Stable EJ, Borchardt K. The limited value of symptoms and signs in the diagnosis of vaginal infections. Arch Intern Med.1990;150:1929-1933

3. D.C.Dutta. Text Book of Gynaecology.5th Edition, 2009. NCBA Publication.

4. Howkins and Bourne Shaw’s Text Book of Gynaecology.15th Edition.2011.Elsevier Publication.

5. Balkwill F and Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet 2001; 357: 539-546.

6. Lisa M Coussens and Zena Werb. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 2002; 420: 860-867.

7. Zuo- Feng Zhang and Colin B Begg. Is Trichomonas vaginalis a cause of cervical neoplasia? Results from a combined analysis of 24 studies. International Journal of Epidemiology 1994; 23(4):682-690.

8. G.Ewart Cree. Brit J Vener Dis.1968;44:226

9. Jagdish Chander. Text Book of Mycology.3r edition. January 2009, Mehta Publisher.

10. N.Jindal, P.Gill, A.Aggrawal. An epidemiological study of volvovaginal candidisis in women of childbearing age.Indian J Med Microbbiology.2007; 25: 75-176.

11. Dr.Sampda Rajurkar. Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai.2010. Available at www.authorstream.com/RSS/category/Educ ation

12. Ghotbi Sh, Beheshti M, Amirizade S. Causes of leucorrhoea in Fasa, Southern Iran. Shiraz E-Medical Journal. Vol 8, No.2. April 2007.

13. Poria VC, Joshi BK, Agrawal HH, Mohile NA. Study of Candida and Trichomonas vaginalis in Leucorrhoea. J Indian Med Assoc.1989 Aug; 87(8):184-185.

14. Abauleth R, Boni S, Kouassi-Mbengue A, Konan J, Deza S. Causation and treatment of infectious leucorrhoea at the Cocody University Hospital. Sante 2006 Jul-Sep; 16(3):191-195.

15. Dai Q, Hu L, Jiang Y et al. An epidemiological survey of bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis in the Tibetan area of Sichuan Province, China. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010 Jun; 150(2):207- 209.

16. Tanuja Chakraborty, SA Mulla, JK Kosambiya, Vikas K Desai. Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in and around Surat. Indian J Pathology and Microbiology 2005; 48(4):542-545.

17. Linda O, Eckert MD. Acute vulvovaginitis. The New England J of Medicine.2006; 355: 1244-1252.

18. Linda French, Jennifer Horton, Michelle Matousek. Abnormal vaginal discharge: Using office diagnostic testing more effectively.The Journal of Family Practice. Oct 2004. Vol 53, No 10:805-814.

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

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Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
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A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
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A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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