IJCRR - 7(9), May, 2015
Pages: 28-32
STUDY OF SACRUM AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN EPIDURAL BLOCK
Author: P. Sasikala, Arunkumar S. Bilodi
Category: Healthcare
[Download PDF]
Abstract:
Aim of study: The objective of study is on sacrum for sacral hiatus due to its importance in epidural anesthesia.Place of study: This study was done in the department of anatomy at Velammal medical college hospital and research institute,Madurai, India.Period of study: This study was done during the month of February 2015.Materials and methods: 30 dry unknown human sacra from department of anatomy constituted the materials for the present study. Their dimensions were measured and sacral index were calculated for each sacrum. Shape, composition of sacrum, shape of sacral hiatus, level of sacral hiatus and curvature of the sacrum were noted down.
Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge of sacral hiatus will be of great help in administering caudal analgesia through sacral hiatus.
Keywords: Sacral hiatus, Epidural block, Equilateral triangle
Citation:
P. Sasikala, Arunkumar S. Bilodi. STUDY OF SACRUM AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN EPIDURAL BLOCK International Journal of Current Research and Review. 7(9), May, 28-32
References:
1. Gray, Henry, 1825-1861; Williams, Peter L (Peter Llewellyn); Bannister, Lawrence H. 38th ed. / chairman of the editorial board, Peter L. Williams; editorial board, Lawrence H. Bannister ... [et al.]. New York : Churchill Livingstone, 1995. NLM ID: 9503696 [Book]
2. Kumar V, Pandey SN, Bajpai RN, Jain PN, Longia GS. Morphometric study of sacral hiatus. J Anat Soc India. 1992;41:7–13.
3. Anupriya A, Sophia MM. Anatomical study of sacral hiatus in south Indian population and its clinical significance in caudal epidural anesthesia. NJCA. 2014; 3(3): 128-136.
4. Sekiguchi M, Yabuki S, Satoh K, Kikuchi S. An anatomic study of the sacral hiatus: a basis for successful caudal epidural block. Clin J Pain. 2004 Jan-Feb;20(1):51-4. PubMed PMID: 14668657.
5. BLACK MG. Anatomic reasons for caudal anesthesia failure. Curr Res Anesth Analg. 1949 Jan-Feb;28(1):33-9. PubMed PMID: 18105828.
6. Brown DL. Atlas of Regional Anesthesia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2010.
7. Nagar SK. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat: A study of sacral hiatus in dry human sacra. J Anat Soc India. 2004;53:18–21
. 8. Aggarwal A, Aggarwal A, Harjeet, Sahni D. Morphometry of sacral hiatus and its clinical relevance in caudal epidural block. Surg Radiol Anat. 2009 Dec;31(10):793-800. doi: 10.1007/s00276-009-0529-4. Epub 2009 Jul 4. PubMed PMID: 19578805.
9. Marhofer P, Schrögendorfer K, Koinig H, Kapral S, Weinstabl C, Mayer N. Ultrasonographic guidance improves sensory block and onset time of three-in-one blocks. Anesth Analg. 1997 Oct;85(4):854-7. PubMed PMID: 9322469.
10. Marhofer P, Schrögendorfer K, Wallner T, Koinig H, Mayer N, Kapral S. Ultrasonographic guidance reduces the amount of local anesthetic for 3-in-1 blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998 Nov-Dec;23(6):584-8. PubMed PMID: 9840855.
11. Abdi S, Datta S, Trescot AM, Schultz DM, Adlaka R, Atluri SL, Smith HS, Manchikanti L. Epidural steroids in the management of chronic spinal pain: a systematic review. Pain Physician. 2007 Jan;10(1):185-212. Review. PubMed PMID: 17256030.
12. Yoon JS, Sim KH, Kim SJ, Kim WS, Koh SB, Kim BJ. The feasibility of color Doppler ultrasonography for caudal epidural steroid injection. Pain. 2005 Nov;118(1-2):210-4. Epub 2005 Oct 4. PubMed PMID: 16213088.
13. Blanchais A, Le Goff B, Guillot P, Berthelot JM, Glemarec J, Maugars Y. Feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided caudal epidural glucocorticoid injections. Joint Bone Spine. 2010 Oct;77(5):440-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2010.04.016. Epub 2010 Sep 24. PubMed PMID: 20869897.
14. Chen CP, Wong AM, Hsu CC, Tsai WC, Chang CN, Lin SC, Huang YC, Chang CH, Tang SF. Ultrasound as a screening tool for proceeding with caudal epidural injections. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Mar;91(3):358-63. doi: 10.1016/j. apmr.2009.11.019. PubMed PMID: 20298824.
15. Najman IE, Frederico TN, Segurado AV, Kimachi PP. Caudal epidural anesthesia: an anesthetic technique exclusive for pediatric use? Is it possible to use it in adults? What is the role of the ultrasound in this context? Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2011 Jan-Feb;61(1):95-109. doi: 10.1016/S0034- 7094(11)70011-3. Review. PubMed PMID: 21334512.
16. Hardlika A. Practical anthropometry. Philadelphia: Winster Institute; 1939. Quoted by Krogman 1962
. 17. Letterman GS, Trotter M. Variations of the male sacrum: Their significance in caudal analgesia. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1944;78:551–5.
18. El-Monem AH, Neven MG. A morphological study of the sacral hiatus. Zagazig University Medical Journal (ZUMJ) 2006;12:2877–86.
19. Mustafa MS, Mahmoud OM, El Raouf HH, Atef HM. Morphometric study of sacral hiatus in adult human Egyptian sacra: Their significance in caudal epidural anesthesia. Saudi J Anaesth. 2012 Oct-Dec;6(4):350-7. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.105862. PubMed PMID: 23493625; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3591553.
20. Aggarwal A, Aggarwal A, Harjeet, Sahni D. Morphometry of sacral hiatus and its clinical relevance in caudal epidural block. Surg Radiol Anat. 2009 Dec;31(10):793-800. doi: 10.1007/s00276-009-0529-4. Epub 2009 Jul 4. PubMed PMID: 19578805.
21. Chhabra N. An Anatomical Study of Size and Position of Sacral Hiatus; Its Importance in Caudal Epidural Block.. IJHSR. 2014; 4(12): 189-196. 22. Mayuri J, Vijay G, Vasudha N, Anita G, Asha P. Anatomical Study Of Sacral Hiatus In Dry Isolated Sacra. J Res Med Den Sci. 2014; 2(2): 43-46. doi:10.5455/jrmds.20142210
|