IJCRR

IJCRR - 14(22), November, 2022

Pages: 10-15

Musculoskeletal Complications Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Review of Current Interventions

 

 

 

Author: Rai Vikramaditya, Qureshi G Aniqa, Chimnani Morisha, Syed Wajiha, Ruddock-Scott A Zalika

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Abstract:

Hypovitaminosis D is commonly prevalent in older populations the world over leading to increased levels of bone resorption, and reduced bone mass, often resulting in osteoporosis and increased chances of falls and fractures. In children, vitamin D deficiency is known to cause rickets due to the hypomineralization of bone. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched from database inception until May 20, 2022. Searches were performed between January 2022 and May 2022. We studied whether daily vitamin D supplementation with or without calcium improves bone mineral density (BMD) and bone architecture. Supplementation with vitamin D for 3 to 5 years minimally decreased total fracture incidence, but the findings were not precise. Supplementation of vitamin D with calcium for 3 to 5 years had no significant effect on total fracture incidence or hip fracture incidence in men and women. Pediatric vitamin D status is associated with the avoidance of rickets. Observational studies point to at least 10µg/day of vitamin D supplementation for attaining optimum bone health in children, but the results of RCTs have been unclear. However, despite 10 RCTs reported on adolescent girls, the definitive amount of vitamin D supplementation and its association with optimal bone mineralization remains ambiguous, and not much is known regarding the needs of male children. The available evidence from completed RCT studies provided only limited or no support for the effect of vitamin D alone on the prevention of fracture. However, vitamin D supplementation combined with calcium seemed to slightly reduce the likelihood of fractures. Before recommending the use of vitamin D alone or in conjunction with calcium for the prevention of fractures in high-risk individuals, RCTs evaluating the effects of daily doses of vitamin D on fracture risk are required.

Keywords: Vitamin D, Musculoskeletal, Osteoporosis, Rickets, Bone fracture, Bone density

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