International Journal of Current Research and Review
ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print)ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online)
logo
slider
slider
slider
slider
Bootstrap Slider

Indexed and Abstracted in: Crossref, CAS Abstracts, Publons, Google Scholar, Open J-Gate, ROAD, Indian Citation Index (ICI), ResearchGATE, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, WorldCat (World's largest network of library content and services)

Search Articles

Track manuscript

Full Html

IJCRR - 6(3), February, 2014

Pages: 07-15

Print Article   Download XML  Download PDF

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EARLY ONSET VERSUS LATE ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BACTERIOLOGICAL, DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILE

Author: Kuhu Pal, Arnab Kumar Samanta, Ritesh Singh

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is classically divided into early onset sepsis (EOS) and late onset sepsis (LOS) depending upon the time of onset of sepsis. Aims: To determine the differences in bacteriological, demographic and clinical profile between EOS and LOS, if any. Setting and Design: A prospective study was carried out in a tertiary care centre of Eastern India from March 2011 to February 2012. Methods: Neonates with less than 28 days age, associated with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis were included in the study. Blood was collected aseptically for culture and isolates were identified in conventional way and antibiotic sensitivity test was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Epidemiological parameters, clinical features were compared in the light of culture report. Statistical analysis used: Chi square test, ANOVA and multivariate regression analysis. Results: Out of 230 clinically suspected septic neonates, 72.6% of neonates presented with EOS and 27.4% with LOS. None of the bacteria except Klebsiella sp. was significantly associated with EOS (P=0.043). Almost identical result was observed between EOS and LOS, when demographic parameters including gender, birth weight, gestational age, mode of delivery, outcome and clinical presentation were compared. Caesarean section was significantly associated with increased morbidity in cases of EOS (multivariate P value 0.018). Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in epidemiological, clinical and bacteriological profile between EOS and LOS except a few. So it is better to judge the two groups of neonatal sepsis as one and universal.

Keywords: Demography, Early onset sepsis, Late onset sepsis, Microbiological spectrum

Full Text:

NTRODUCTION

Neonatal Sepsis is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of systemic infections accompanied with bacteraemia in the first month of life.[1] Symptoms occurring within the age of 3 days are considered as early onset sepsis (EOS). Late onset sepsis (LOS) usually occurs after 3 days of life. This distinction has thought to have a clinical relevance, due to difference in peripartum pathogenesis.[2] In EOS neonates acquire infection by the organisms colonized in mothers’ genitourinary tract. But late onset sepsis is either nosocomial or community acquired.[3] But, this conventional difference may not be relevant today, as alteration in genital flora by intrapartum medication or prolonged hospital stay and failure to maintain proper asepsis during delivery may lead to intermixing of causative agents of EOS and LOS.[4,5] The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of EOS and LOS and to determine the differences in these two groups of neonates if any. 

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Study design: This was a hospital based singlecentred prospective study. Study area: Study was carried out in the Neonatal Care Unit, Department of Paediatrics of a tertiary care centre of eastern part of Bengal. Study population: Neonates with less than 28 days age, with clinical signs of sepsis, including refusal of feed, lethargy, respiratory distress, abdominal distension, vomiting, hypothermia etc born inside this hospital as well as referred from different centres were enrolled in this study. Exclusion criteria: Babies who had received antibiotics before collection of blood samples, having surgical problems, chromosomal or congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Neonates who were referred to higher centres or who left the hospital against medical advice before proper diagnosis were also excluded from the study. Study period: March 2011 to February 2012. Study was carried out after getting permission from Institutional Ethics Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from parents/guardians of neonates who participated in this study. Procedure: Each neonate was assessed by a paediatric resident. Medical records of all neonates with suspected sepsis were reviewed for demographic characteristics (birth weight, gestational age, gender, type of delivery, associated risk factors) and babies were followed till recovery or death. 2 ml of blood was collected maintaining proper aseptic technique and 1ml was inoculated in 5 ml of brain heart infusion broth with 0.025 % sodium polyanethol sulfonate. Another 1ml was used for testing other haematological parameters. The blood culture broth was incubated aerobically at 370 C. Blind subculture was done on 24hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs, then on 7th day. Any sign of growth in between was followed by subculture. Media used for subculture were 5% sheep blood agar, chocolate agar and Mac Conkeys agar (Himedia Laboratories). In suspected cases of meningitis CSF was collected and cultured in chocolate agar and blood agar media. Isolates were identified by colonial morphology, Gram staining as well as standard biochemical tests. Aerobic spore bearers and diphtheroids, wherever grown were regarded as contaminants. The remaining isolates were included in the analysis. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method following guidelines provided by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).[6] The clinical manifestations and demographic parameters were compared with blood culture reports. Presence of any of the clinical features was considered as indicator of morbidity. Statistical analysis: Percentages and Mean ± SD (Standard Deviation) were used to express the categorical variables and quantitative variables respectively. Differences in distribution were analysed by Chi square test and ANOVA. By multivariate regression analysis, Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval for OR was also calculated. The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0.

RESULTS

Two hundred and thirty neonates with suspected sepsis were followed. Incidence of EOS (167/230=72.6%) was more than LOS (63/230=27.4%) in this institution. Gram negative bacilli (GNB) were the major offender 45/65=69.2%) of EOS, whereas Gram positive cocci (GPC) were responsible for 50% (13/26) of LOS. Staphylococcus aureus was in the leading role (9/13=69.2%) in LOS. Klebsiella sp was the most common organism responsible for EOS followed by Staphylococcus aureus , E.coli , Enterobacter sp . The contribution of Klebsiella sp was more in EOS than LOS [29(44.62%) versus 5(19.23%), P value= 0.043]. The spectrum of organisms causing neonatal sepsis has been shown in Table 1. No particular organism was exclusively isolated from either EOS or LOS. Five CSF samples sent for bacteriological culture were found to be sterile. Demographic characteristics of EOS and LOS have been shown in Table2. There was no significant difference in different parameters of EOS and LOS except place of delivery. The neonates who had been referred from other centres were more prone to develop LOS. Male female ratio was 1.6:1 in both EOS and LOS. Mean Birth weight of babies with EOS was 2.3 ± 0.49 kg. Mean gestational age was 36 ± 2 weeks and these were almost similar in LOS group. Majority of newborns were delivered by vaginal delivery (76.9%) compared to caesarean section(CS) (23.1%) in EOS but reverse situation was observed in LOS, where 42.1% babies were delivered by CS. Mortality rate due to EOS and LOS remained almost equal. Majority of newborns with neonatal sepsis presented with refusal of feed (52.7%) and respiratory distress (24.1%). These features were true for both EOS and LOS (Table 3). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that morbidity was significantly higher in babies delivered by caesarean section in EOS group (P=0.018) only. No significant differences were seen in morbidity indicators based on the male gender, low birth weight, pre term status of the neonates (Table 4). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing from blood culture isolates revealed that Gram negative bacilli were highly resistant to ampicillin (83.64%), cefixime (78.18%), gentamicin (70.91%) and cefotaxime (70.91%). Pseudomonas sp and Acinetobacter sp showed resistance to almost all the common drugs used. Four of the Klebsiella sp and one E.coli were identified phenotypically as extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers (9.09%). Almost 50% of the GNB were resistant to piperacillin – tazobactam, and amoxycillin- clavulanic acid. Imepenem was found to be the most sensitive drug followed by amikacin and chloramphenicol (Table 5). Gram positive cocci were also quite resistant to ampicillin (87.10%), azithromycin (64.52%) and gentamicin (67.74%). Thirteen (61.9%) Staphylococcus aureus were screened as Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). But no Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) was reported (Table 6).

DISCUSSION

Among 230 suspected cases of neonatal sepsis blood culture was positive in 91 (39.56%) neonates. Of which incidence of EOS was 71.4%. This was in accordance with the studies done by V Sundaram,[5] M.N Shah,[7] A Hafsa,[8] but reverse result was seen in studies in Nepal,[9] South India,[10] Taiwan[11] and Johannesburg.[12] The causes of this discordance might be due to the fact that those centres were running as referral centres without facility of delivery and consideration of timeframe of EOS as 48hrs. Another possible explanation for a lower incidence of LOS in this study might be the early discharge policy of the neonatal unit. The most common organism causing EOS was found to be Klebsiella sp followed by Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, whereas predominant organism in LOS was Staphylococcus aureus. This result was similar to a study done in northern India.[5] Pivotal role of enteric Gram negative bacilli especially Klebsiella sp in EOS was also ascertained in a couple of studies in Eastern India,[13,14] Bangladesh[8] and Nepal.[9] Along with Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli was the found to be responsible for LOS in a study in Nepal.[9] Studies from different parts of the world,[11,12,15,16] showed that Gram positive organisms were responsible for more than 60% of LOS and coagulase negative staphylococcus was the major culprit. But a study in Iran[17] showed that Enterobacter sp was the predominant organism of both EOS and LOS. Disagreement of bacteriological profile of EOS and LOS in different regions was the essence of a continuous surveillance of the aetiology of neonatal sepsis. Types of organisms isolated in EOS and LOS were more or less similar except Klebsiella sp which was closely associated with EOS (P value=0.043). In the present study, neonatal sepsis was significantly higher in low birth weight and preterm babies (P value 0.027 and 0.00 respectively). But no significant diversity of demographic parameters including birth weight, gestational age, gender, mode of delivery, outcomes, were observed between EOS and LOS except place of delivery. Referred neonates were more prone to develop LOS. This was in concordance with a study in South India,[10] Iran[17] and Nepal.[18] Birth weight served as a differentiating factor for LOS and EOS in a study in South India [10] but that was not prominent in this study. Mortality in EOS was higher than LOS group in Bangladesh[8] and Iran[15] but in present study it was almost same in EOS and LOS. Overall case fatality rate due to sepsis is 16.4% which was found to be quite similar to a studies done in Johannesburg Hospital (20.8%)[12] and Iran (19%).[15] Clinical presentation of EOS and LOS were similar in this study simulating the result of an Iranian study.[17] Refusal to feed was the most common presenting feature followed by respiratory distress, lethargy and hypothermia in our study and studies from Nepal[18] and West Bengal[13] whereas respiratory distress was the chief complaint of the study in Iran.[19] Multivariate regression analysis showed caesarean section was associated with increased morbidity in cases of EOS but no significant differences were seen in morbidity rates based on gender, birth weight, and preterm status. This was comparable to a Study in Tehran.[17] Though Signore C[20] et al showed that caesarean delivery was associated with increased morbidity in neonates, but not associated directly with sepsis. So this might be due to co-morbidity that had occurred after Caesarean delivery. None of the demographic factors was found to be associated with increased risk of LOS. As seen across the rural India [13] and Bangladesh[8],result of this study also revealed that most of the cases of sepsis were caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. Among them, Gram negative bacteria showed high resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin and cephalosporin group of drugs. Emergence of ESBL (9.09%) was a threat to the clinician but it was less than the incidence of ESBL found in a NICU of Iran (44%).[15] In contrast to a study in rural Bengal[6],where more than 80% cases were found to be resistant to amikacin and ciprofloxacin, 50% of GNB were resistant to these drugs in this hospital. Imepenem remains as the only effective drug against these notorious pathogens. Incidence of MRSA was 61.9 %. Similar finding has been reported elsewhere.[15] Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid were recovered as the most effective drugs for gram positive cocci. Similar findings have been reported in previous studies done in eastern India.[14] The high prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms in this study indicates an association of neonatal sepsis with treatment failure, higher morbidity and mortality and increased cost. Limitation of this study was that, we did not consider maternal genital flora or any maternal risk factors which might have a major contribution to the outcome of babies.

CONCLUSION

This study reflected the fact that neonates were suffering from EOS and LOS in this hospital with almost same epidemiological and clinical presentation with very little differences in microbiological profile. Gram negative organisms were predominant isolates of sepsis so, their source is to be searched for and necessity of infection control measures is to be emphasized. Collection of up-to-date data would strengthen local information system, ultimately enabling policy-makers and programme planners to use existing resources more effectively to achieve a better and effective goal to reduce mortality as well as morbidity caused by neonatal sepsis

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank the colleagues and staffs of Department of Paediatrics and Microbiology for their help to pursue this work. We want to acknowledge the immense help received from the scholars whose articles are cited and included in references of this manuscript and also grateful to authors/editors/publishers of all those articles, journals and books from where the literature for this article has been reviewed and discussed

 

 

References:

REFERENCES

1. Klein Jo. Bacterial Sepsis and Meningitis. In: Remington JS, Klein Jo.eds. Infectious diseases of fetus and newborn and infants. 5 theds. W B Saunders Co. Philadelphia; 2001:943-984.

2. Guha D.K, Saili A. Guha R, Aggarwal A. Common Infections in the Newborn. In: Neonatology – Principles and Practice. Guha D.K; 3rd eds. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. New Delhi, India; 2005: 654 – 672.

3. Stoll BJ. Infection of the Neonatal Infant. In Nelson’s Text Book of Paediatrics; Behrman RE, Kleigman RM, Jenson HB. 18theds; WB Saunders Co.2006; 794-811.

4. A.K. Zaidi, W.C. Huskins, D. Thaver et al., Hospital acquired neonatal infections in developing countries, Lancet 2005; 365 : 1175–1188.

5. Sundaram V, Kumar P and Narang A. Bacterial profile of early versus late onset neonatal sepsis in a North Indian tertiary care centre: Heading towards a change. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 2009; (4): 241– 245

6. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved standard M2- A10. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2009

7. Shah M. N. and. Desai P. B. Clinical and bacteriological profiles of blood culture positive sepsis in newborns.IntJ. of Pharm. and Life Sci. 2011; 2(9):1041-1045

8. Hafsa A, Fakruddin M, Hakim MA, Sharma JD. Neonatal bacteremia in a neonatal intensive care unit: analysis of causative organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 2011; 10 (3) ;187-194

9. Shrestha NJ, Subedi KU, Rai GK. Bacteriological Profi le of Neonatal Sepsis: A Hospital Based Study. J Nepal Paedtr Soc 2011;31(1):1-5.

10. Kuruvilla A K, Pillai S, Jesudason M and Jana A K. Bacterial profile of sepsis in a Neonatal Unit in South India. Indian Pediatrics 1998; 35:851-858

1. Jia-Horng Jiang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Fu-Yang Huang, Hsin-An Kao, Chyong-Hsin Hsu, Han-Yang Hung et al . Neonatal sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit: characteristics of early versus late onset. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2004;37:301-306

12. Motara F, Ballot DE, Perovic O. Epidemiology of neonatal sepsis at Johannesburg hospital. The Southern African journal of Epidemiology and Infection 2005;3: 90-93

 13. Viswanathan R, Singh Arun K, Ghosh C, Dasgupta S, MukherjeeS,and Basu S. Profile of Neonatal Septicaemia at a District-level Sick Newborn Care Unit. J Health Popul Nutr 2012;30(1):41-48

14. Pal K, Samanta A K. Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance pattern in early onset neonatal sepsis: challenge to the physician. Int J Cur Res Rev 2013; 5 (6):51- 58

15. Yilmaz N O, Agus N, Helvaci M, Kose S, Ozer E, and Sahbudak Z. Change in Pathogens Causing Late-onset Sepsis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Izmir, Turkey. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 2010; 20 (4): 451-458

16. Joseph CJ, Wee Bin Lian W B, Yeo C L. Nosocomial Infections (Late Onset Sepsis) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 2012; 21(4): 238-244

17. Afsharpaiman S,Torkaman M, Saburi A,Farzaampur A, Amirsalari S, Kavehmanesh Z. Trends in incidence of neonatal sepsis and antibiotic susceptibility of causative agents of two neonatal intensive care units in Tehran.I.R. Iran. Journal of Clinical Neonatology. 2012;1(3):124-130.

8. Khinchi Y. R, Kumar A, Yadav S. Profile of Neonatal sepsis. Journal of college of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010; 6 (2): 1-6

19. Mosayebi Z, Movahedian AH, Soori T. Clinical and bacteriological chartacteristics of neonatal sepsis in an intensive care unit of Kashan, Iran: A 2 years descriptive study. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2013;1(2):61-64

20. Signore C.Klebanoff M. Neonatal morbidity and mortality after elective caesarean delivery. Clin Perinatol 2008; 35: 361-371

Announcements

Dr. Pramod Kumar Manjhi joined Editor-in-Chief since July 2021 onwards

COPE guidelines for Reviewers

SCOPUS indexing: 2014, 2019 to 2021


Awards, Research and Publication incentive Schemes by IJCRR

Best Article Award: 

One article from every issue is selected for the ‘Best Article Award’. Authors of selected ‘Best Article’ are rewarded with a certificate. IJCRR Editorial Board members select one ‘Best Article’ from the published issue based on originality, novelty, social usefulness of the work. The corresponding author of selected ‘Best Article Award’ is communicated and information of award is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Women Researcher Award:

This award is instituted to encourage women researchers to publish her work in IJCRR. Women researcher, who intends to publish her research work in IJCRR as the first author is eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of women researchers based on the originality, novelty, and social contribution of the research work. The corresponding author of the selected manuscript is communicated and information is displayed on IJCRR’s website. Under this award selected women, the author is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.

Emerging Researcher Award:

‘Emerging Researcher Award’ is instituted to encourage student researchers to publish their work in IJCRR. Student researchers, who intend to publish their research or review work in IJCRR as the first author are eligible to apply for this award. Editorial Board members decide on the selection of student researchers for the said award based on originality, novelty, and social applicability of the research work. Under this award selected student researcher is eligible for publication incentives. Drop a mail to editor@ijcrr.com for more details.


Best Article Award

A study by Dorothy Ebere Adimora et al. entitled \"Remediation for Effects of Domestic Violence on Psychological well-being, Depression and Suicide among Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-cultural Study of Nigeria and Spain\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 23
A study by Muhas C. et al. entitled \"Study on Knowledge & Awareness About Pharmacovigilance Among Pharmacists in South India\" is awarded Best article for Vol 14 issue 22
A study by Saurabh Suvidha entitled \"A Case of Mucoid Degeneration of Uterine Fibroid with Hydrosalphinx and Ovarian Cyst\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 21
A study by Alice Alice entitled \"Strengthening of Human Milk Banking across South Asian Countries: A Next Step Forward\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 20
A study by Sathyanarayanan AR et al. entitled \"The on-task Attention of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder-An Eye Tracker Study Using Auticare\" is awarded Best article of Vol 14 issue 19
A study by Gupta P. et al. entitled \"A Short Review on \"A Novel Approach in Fast Dissolving Film & their Evaluation Studies\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 18.
A study by Shafaque M. et al. entitled \"A Case-Control Study Performed in Karachi on Inflammatory Markers by Ciprofloxacin and CoAmoxicillin in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media\" is awarded Best Article of Vol 14 issue 17
A study by Ali Nawaz et al. entitled \"A Comparative Study of Tubeless versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) \? A Randomized Controlled Study\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 16.
A study by Singh R. et al. entitled \"A Prospective Study to Find the Association of Astigmatism in Patients of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in India (Vindhya Region MP)\" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 15
A Study by Humaira Tahir et al. entitled "Comparison of First Analgesic Demand after Major Surgeries of Obstetrics and Gynecology between Pre-Emptive Versus Intra-Operative Groups by Using Intravenous Paracetamol: A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 14
A Study by Monica K. entitled "Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 13
A Study by Mokhtar M Sh et al. entitled "Prevalence of Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 12
A Study by Vidya S. Bhat et al. entitled "Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 11
A Study by Pandya S. et al. entitled "Acute and 28-Day Repeated Dose Subacute Toxicological Evaluation of Coroprotect Tablet in Rodents" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 10
A Study by Muhammad Zaki et al. entitled "Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 09
A Study by Vinita S & Ayushi S entitled "Role of Colour Doppler and Transvaginal Sonography for diagnosis of endometrial pathology in women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 08
A Study by Prabhu A et al. entitled "Awareness of Common Eye Conditions among the ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Workers in the Rural Communities of Udupi District- A Pilot Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 07
A Study by Divya MP et al. entitled "Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and 3D Fiesta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences with High Resolution Computed Tomography Temporal Bone in Assessment and Predicting the Outcome of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 06
A Study by Zahoor Illahi Soomro et al. entitled "Functional Outcomes of Fracture Distal Radius after Fixation with Two Different Plates: A Retrospective Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 05
A Study by Ajai KG & Athira KN entitled "Patients’ Gratification Towards Service Delivery Among Government Hospitals with Particular Orientation Towards Primary Health Centres" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 04
A Study by Mbungu Mulaila AP et al. entitled "Ovarian Pregnancy in Kindu City, D.R. Congo - A Case Report" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 03
A Study by Maryam MJ et al. entitled "Evaluation Serum Chemerin and Visfatin Levels with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Possible Diagnostic Biomarkers" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 02
A Study by Shanthan KR et al. entitled "Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Versus Nerve Stimulator Guided Technique of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 14 issue 01
A Study by Amol Sanap et al. entitled "The Outcome of Coxofemoral Bypass Using Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in the Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur in a Rural Setup" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 24
A Study by Manoj KP et al. entitled "A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial to Know the Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Against Multimodal Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia Following Caesarean Section" is awarded Best Article Award of Vol 13 issue 23
A Study by Karimova II et al. entitled "Changes in the Activity of Intestinal Carbohydrases in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats and Their Correction with Prenalon" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 22
A Study by Ashish B Roge et al. entitled "Development, Validation of RP-HPLC Method and GC MS Analysis of Desloratadine HCL and It’s Degradation Products" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 21
A Study by Isha Gaurav et al. entitled "Association of ABO Blood Group with Oral Cancer and Precancer – A Case-control Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 20
A Study by Amr Y. Zakaria et al. entitled "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ATP-Binding Cassette Gene(ABCC3 rs4793665) affect High Dose Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Osteosarcoma" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 19
A Study by Kholis Ernawati et al. entitled "The Utilization of Mobile-Based Information Technology in the Management of Dengue Fever in the Community Year 2019-2020: Systematic Review" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 18
A Study by Bhat Asifa et al. entitled "Efficacy of Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Carbapenemase Detection and Comparative Evaluation with Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Identification of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 17
A Study by Gupta R. et al. entitled "A Clinical Study of Paediatric Tracheostomy: Our Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 16
A Study by Chandran Anand et al. entitled "A Prospective Study on Assessment of Quality of Life of Patients Receiving Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 15
A Study by Rosa PS et al. entitled "Emotional State Due to the Covid – 19 Pandemic in People Residing in a Vulnerable Area in North Lima" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 14
A Study by Suvarna Sunder J et al. entitled "Endodontic Revascularization of Necrotic Permanent Anterior Tooth with Platelet Rich Fibrin, Platelet Rich Plasma, and Blood Clot - A Comparative Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 13
A Study by Mona Isam Eldin Osman et al. entitled "Psychological Impact and Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse on Sudanese Children in Khartoum State" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 12
A Study by Khaw Ming Sheng & Sathiapriya Ramiah entitled "Web Based Suicide Prevention Application for Patients Suffering from Depression" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 11
A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


RSS feed

Indexed and Abstracted in


Antiplagiarism Policy: IJCRR strongly condemn and discourage practice of plagiarism. All received manuscripts have to pass through "Plagiarism Detection Software" test before Toto Macau forwarding for peer review. We consider "Plagiarism is a crime"

IJCRR Code of Conduct: To achieve a high standard of publication, we adopt Good Publishing Practices (updated in 2022) which are inspired by guidelines provided by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

Disclaimer: International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal.



ABOUT US

International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

Contact

148, IMSR Building, Ayurvedic Layout,
        Near NIT Complex, Sakkardara,
        Nagpur-24, Maharashtra State, India

editor@ijcrr.com

editor.ijcrr@gmail.com


Copyright © 2024 IJCRR. Specialized online journals by ubijournal .Website by Ubitech solutions