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IJCRR - 12(8), April, 2020

Pages: 11-16

Date of Publication: 23-Apr-2020


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Quantitative Analysis of Nutrients in the Gum Exudates of Acacia nilotica

Author: Rukshana Irani, Kazi Layla Khaled

Category: Healthcare

Abstract:Acacia nilotica is an evergreen tree found throughout Indiaand it belongs to the leguminosae family. The gum of this tree has been used in some parts of the country for its salutary therapeutic benefits. The gum was obtained from Acacia nilotica trees of West Bengal, India and was investigated for macronutrients and micro nutrients. The results of the present study showed that some essential minerals like calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, phosphorus were present in significant quantities which were 366.37, 25.41, 11.91, 124.87, 2.96 mg per 100 gram of pulverised gum respectively. The quantity of minerals like chromium, zinc, selenium, copper, magnesium, manganese was 0.67, 10.28, 0.54, 0.66, 22.61, 5.73 mg/kg gum respectively. It was found to be an energy dense gum containing 87.05 per cent of carbohydrate with substantially low fat, protein and vitamin content. The outcome of proximate analysis and high mineral content may account for the wide spectrum of medicinal and pharmaceutical properties of gum of Acacia nilotica which has been claimed in the pertinent literature.

Keywords: Acacia nilotica, Minerals, Nutrients, Vitamins, Medicinal, Properties

Full Text:

INTRODUCTION

Plants have been a major source of medicines in all cultures since the beginning of human civilisation. In the traditional system, various indigenous plants are used in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of many ailments. In this modern era, there is a growing demand of plant based medicines, health products, pharmaceuticals, food supplements, cosmetics etc. Acacia nilotica is a pioneer species, relatively high in bioactive secondary compounds and can exert a variety of functions [1,2].

Plant Details

 

The plant parts of Acacia nilotica has been reported to have therapeutic uses arising from its wide spread folkloric and customary uses(3). Ethnobotanical studies suggested the usage of Acacia nilotica gum for the treatment of skin irritation and smoothening of the inflamed membranes of the pharynx, alimentary canal and genito-urinary tracts [4,5]. The bark or gum of the plant Acacia nilotica is used in West Africa to treat cancers and tumours of ear, eye or testicles[5]. The gum of the babul (Acacia nilotica) has also been used by the Bhils of Rajasthan to fill the dental cavities and to maintain oral health[6].The beneficial role Acacia nilotica Gum for promoting health of women after parturition has been revealed in a project titled Biomedical Studies and IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) where medicinal plants which were used in the treatment of Women Diseases in Sindh were also documented. In some regions of the Indian subcontinent, it furnishes the prime important ingredient of the nourishing food used for lactating mothers especially during the first three months of postnatal period[7].

Acacia nilotica (Babul tree) is one of the major gum-yielding acacia species found in India [8]. The composition of a gum varies with the plant species as well as geographical conditions and hence investigation of the indigenous Acacia nilotica gum can play an important role in exploring its potential for a wide range of applications [9].

 In literature a very few reports are available on the gum exudate of A. Nilotica of West Bengal region in India. The present study aimed to quantify the various nutrients in this underutilised plant commodity that can facilitate us to comprehend its nutritive, curative and restorative properties.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Sample collection                      

The gum of Acacia nilotica was collected from village Matchpota in Nadia district of  West Bengal, India. They were authenticated for their unambiguous identity by Prof. N.D.Paria, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta and Botanical Society of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah, West Bengal.

Preparation of Sample

The handpicked lumps of gum were cleaned to remove if any dirt present by wiping the surface of the nodule with water. It was then air dried and pulverized in a mechanical grinder. The powdered material was then stored in a clean and sterile bottle made up of glass. It was then kept in a dry and dark place at room temperature.

Analysis of Nutrients:

1. Moisture Content [10,11]

The porcelain crucibles were first washed and cleaned properly. It was then dried in a hot air oven at a temperature of 110 ºC for 10 minutes. The crucibles were then carefully transferred into a desiccator and then were kept in it for 30 minutes for cooling; it was then weighed again. This process was repeated until a constant weight was attained. The weight so obtained was labelled as W1.

2 grams of powdered sample was accurately weighed and put into previously weighed crucibles and then reweighed; and the weight thus obtained was labelled as W2.

The crucibles containing the samples were placed in an oven maintained at 103ºC for 14 hours. They were removed and transferred to desiccators to cool and again weighed. The process was repeated for several times until the constant weight was reached to get final weight (W3). The percentage of moisture content was calculated.                                                                                                           

% Moisture= Initial Weight (W2)- Final Weight (W3) × 100

Weight of the sample

2.  Ash Content [10,11]

Porcelain crucibles were washed and dried in an oven to a constant weight at 100ºC for 10 minutes. They were allowed to cool in a desiccator and then weighed (W1). 2.0 grams of each sample were weighed into each of the previously weighed porcelain crucibles and reweighed (W 2). The crucibles containing the samples were transferred into a Muffle furnace, which was set at 550ºC for 8 hours to make it into ash. They were then removed and allowed to cool in the desiccators then finally weighed (W 3). The percentage of ash content was calculated.

% of Ash=   Weight of Ash (W3-W1)         × 100

Weight of the Sample (W2-W1)

3. Estimation of Carbohydrates [12]

100 mg of the sample was weighed into a boiling tube. It was then hydrolysed in a boiling water bath for 3 hours with 5 ml of 2.5N HCl and cooled to room temperature. It was then neutralised with sodium carbonate until the effervescence ceases and the volume was made up to 100 ml. It was centrifuged, supernatant was collected and 1ml aliquot was taken for analysis. Standard glucose Stock was prepared by dissolving 100mg in 100 ml water. Working standard was prepared by mixing 10 ml of stock solution with 100 ml of distilled water. So, the concentration of working standard was 10mg/ 100ml. A series of standards were prepared by taking 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 mL of the working standard solution containing 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1 mg of glucose respectively. 0.1 ml of sample or test solution (aliquot) was also taken in test tube. The volumes of all the test tubes were made up to 1 ml by adding distilled water. Then 4ml of anthrone reagent (200mg anthrone was dissolved in 100 mL of ice-cold 95% H2SO4) was added to all the test tubes which were followed by heating for 8 minutes in a boiling water bath. It was then cooled rapidly and the green to dark green colour was read at 630 nm.

4. Fat Estimation[10,11]                                                                                                                                                      

Fat was estimated as crude ether extract of the dry material. 10 grams of dried sample wasweighed accurately into a thimble and plugged with cotton. The thimble was then placed in a Soxhlet apparatus and extracted with anhydrous ether for about 16 hours. The ether extract was filtered into a weighed conical flask. The flask containing the ether extract was washed 4 to 5 times with small quantities of ether and the washings were also transferred. The ether was then removed by evaporation and the flask with the residue dried in an oven at 80-100 ? C, cooled in a desiccator and weighed.

Fat content (g/100g sample) = ( we×100)/ ws

Where weisthe weight of ether extract and wsis the weight of the sample.                                                

5. Protein Content[10, 13]  

2 grams of sample was weighed into a dry Kjeldahl flask. About 5g of digestionmixture (4.9 grams K2SO4+ 0.1 gram of CuSO4) and 20ml of pure concentrated H2SO4 were added to the same sample and themixture digested by heating for 4-5 hours. Glass beads were added to preventbumping. After the contents of the flask became clear, the process of digestion in the Kjeldahl flask was continued for atleast 1 hour more. The contents of the Kjeldahl flask were cooled, diluted withdistilled water and the mixture made alkaline by adding an excess of 40% NaOH(about 75ml). A small quantity of pumice powder was added to prevent bumpingduring distillation. The ammonia liberated was distilled into a receiver containing25ml of N/10 H2SO4. The excess of acid in the receiver was back titrated againstN/10 NaOH using 3 drops of methyl red indicator (0.1 gram of Methyl Red Indicator was dissolved in 60 ml alcohol and water was added to make the volume to 100 ml)  . A reagent blank was similarlydigested and distilled. This titre value of Blank was subtracted from the value obtained for thesample to get the true titre value ‘b’.

Calculation:

If ‘a’ g of the sample was taken and if ‘b’ and ‘c’ ml of alkali of normality ‘d’ wererequired for back titration and to neutralise 25ml of N/10 H2SO4 respectively then

Protein content (g/100g of sample)= [(c-b) * (14 * d) * 6.25 * 100] / a * 1000

6. Crude Fibre[10,11]

About 2g of the moisture free sample was weighed into a 500ml beaker and 200 ml of boiling 0.255 N (1.25% W/V) sulphuric acid was added. The mixture was boiled for 30 minutes with bumping chips keeping the volume constant by addition of water at frequent intervals. A glass rod was placed in the beaker to ensure smooth boiling. At the end of this period, the mixture was filtered through a muslin cloth and the residue washed with hot water till free from acid. It was then boiled with 200ml of 1.25 % sodium hydroxide solution for 30 minutes. It was filtered through muslin cloth again and washed with 25 ml of boiling 1.25% H2SO4, three 50 ml portions of water and 25ml of alcohol. The residue was removed and transferred to ash dish (pre weighed dish W1). The residue was dried for 2 hours at 130±2 ? C. The dish was cooled in a desiccator and weighed (W2). It was then ignited for 30 minutes at 600±15 ? C. Cooled in a desiccator and reweighed (W3).

% crude fibre in ground sample= [Loss in weight in ignition(W2-W1)-(W3-W1)/ Weight of the sample] × 100

7. Energy Value [14]

The energy value of the 100g of food sample was calculated by using the followingformula.

Energy content = 4×wc+ 4×wp+ 9×wf

Where wc is the carbohydrate content (g/100g),

wp is the protein content (g/100g) and

wf is the fat content (g/100g).                           

8. Mineral Estimation

The working solution was prepared for measuring the minerals like Ca, Fe, Na, K, Cr, Se, Cu, Co, Mg, Mn, Pb, Zn, P, Mo using AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists)method. The instrument used for mineral estimation was ICP (OES) or Inductively Coupled Plasma / Optical Emission Spectrometry, model ICAP6800, serial number ICP 20073108, calibrated with NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) certified multi standards[15].                           

9. β-Carotene Estimation [16]

β-Carotene content of sample was determined by using the colorimetric method of Srivastava and Kumar (2002). Five grams of the sample were crushed in 10–15 ml acetone by adding a few crystals of anhydrous Na2SO4. The supernatant was decanted into a beaker and the process was repeated twice. The combined supernatant was transferred to a separating funnel and 10–15 ml of petroleum ether were added and mixed thoroughly. After discarding the lower layer, the upper layer was collected in a 100 ml volumetric flask and the volume was made up with petroleum ether. The OD (Optical Density) was recorded at 452 nm and β-carotene was expressed as mg/100 g by the following formula.

β-Carotene (mg/100g) =   Optical Density ×13.9×104×100

Weight of the Sample× 560×1000                                                                                                       

10. Vitamin-C Content[17]

The blue colour produced by the reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol by ascorbic acid was estimated colorimetrically.2 gram of sample was weighed and blended with convenient volume of 6% HPO3 to make 50 ml. The mixture was filtered and 5 ml of filtrate is placed in a 50 ml separating funnel. The same amount of extractant (6% HPO3) was taken in 2 more separating funnels, B and C. Funnel B served as the Dye Blank and to funnel C which served as Standard was added 0.1 ml (equivalent to 0.1 mg ascorbic acid) of the ascorbic acid standard solution. An amount of acetate buffer (pH 4) equal to the volume of the extract taken was then added to all the three funnels, followed by 2ml of the dye solution (25 mg of the sodium salt of 2,6-dichlorophenol was dissolved in distilled water and made up to 200 ml). 10 ml of Xylene was then added quickly and the contents shaken for 6-10 sec. After the layer separation, the lower water layer was removed and the colour in the Xylene extract was measured in a colorimeter at 500 nm.

11. Estimation of B-Vitamins

Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B2 were estimated by Fluorometric method [18,19] and Vitamin B3 was estimated by Colorimetric Method [20].

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

In a developing country like India, food scarcity is a colossal problem and has been plaguing the growth and development of precious human resource adversely. The rich heritage of flora and fauna which nature has bestowed us need to be explored and properly utilised as a source of nutrients. Plants and plant products have been widely used since time immemorial. Variety of gum exudates are used for their nutritional, culinary and therapeutic values throughout the world.

Natural gums are promising biodegradable polymeric materials which can serve as attractive alternatives to synthetic products because of their biocompatibility, low toxicity, environmental friendliness and low price[21].

The study undertaken here suggests that the Gum exudate obtained from Acacia nilotica is a very useful commodity which is not only energy dense but also an excellent reservoir of many minerals. Protein Energy Malnutrition is a very common phenomenon in our nation affecting children of rural and slum areas and thus weakening the backbone of the society. This gum can be utilised for producing edible products and can also be incorporated with other food ingredients to enhance its nutritive value. Literature studies indicated its utility and benefits in physiological conditions like pregnancy and lactation. Inadequate nutrient intake is a major cause of maternal mortality and Intrauterine Growth Retardation in foetuses. Thus, these traditional food products need to be advertised more and people should be encouraged to use this underutilised gum. The high carbohydrate content can exert hepatoprotective activity and stimulating property thus can be used in medicinal and pharmaceutical formulations.

Diarrhoea is a leading cause of childhood mortality in India and literature studies suggested it to play a protective role in its treatment. Acacia nilotica gum due to its high carbohydrate and mineral content can be beneficial in this condition by enhancing availability of glucose and absorption of solutes.

Its low protein and low fat content makes it useful in conditions associated with renal and cardiac functionalities. Its high mineral content makes it a magical ingredient. Minerals are indispensable in our diet because they serve as cofactors for many physiological and metabolic functions. It plays pivotal role in human life provides healthy growth and developments. High calcium and iron content of this gum exudate is can combat deficiency diseases associated with it. Presence of high amount of minerals like magnesium, manganese, chromium, Zinc etc. can help in the prevention of many degenerative diseases.  

It contains appreciable amount of β-carotene, Vitamin C but negligible amount of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin.

Its low moisture content influences its perishability and thus can be stored for a long time period. It’s lower water activity hinder microbial activity and enhances shelf life.

CONCLUSION

A majority of the plant products remain virtually unexplored and thus new insight has to be developed into their potential use as therapeutic agents. It has high calorific value and the substantial mineral content can make it a viable supplement and immense source of dietary mineral in human food to fight various diseases. This natural gum can be used for encapsulation and production of several synthetic drugs with decreased side-effects. Its nutrient composition shows that it can have several physiological and nutritional benefits which need to be investigated. The ethno medicinal and traditional claims need reconnaissance and if properly employed can impart positive affect on nation’s economy.

Declaration:                                                                                                                                        
Competing interests: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Funding:Department of Home Science, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India & UGC (University Grant Commission), New Delhi, India.

Acknowledgements: I would like to thank Department of Home Science, University of Calcutta for providing me the necessary infrastructural facilities. I would also like to thank all my teachers and my parents for always guiding and motivating me. I would like to thank UGC, New Delhi, India for providing the financial assistance. I am extremely thankful to the authors, editors and publishers of articles, journals and books from where the literature is reviewed which in turn directed us to conduct this analytical study.

References:

1. Gupta R.K., Resource survey of gummiferous acacias in western Rajasthan. Tropical Ecology.,1970; 11: 148-161.

2. Mahgoub S., On the subspecies of Acacia nilotica in the Sudan. Sudan Silva.,1979; 4:57-62.

3. Malviya S, Rawat S, Verma M, Kharia A. Preliminary Phytochemical Investigations of Acacia nilotica Linn Plant , Current Pharma Research, CPR 1(2),2011; 91-100.

4. Sonibare M.A. and Gbile Z.O. Acacia nilotica is good for the treatment of asthma. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2008; 5(4): 345.

5. Ameh J.S. et al. Pods and roots of acacia nilotica have demulcent, styptic and astringent properties. The stem bark can be ingested for leucorrhoea, diarrhoea, dysentery, cough and diabetes mellitus type II. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,2010; (2): 119-125.

6. Bhasin Veena, Oral Health Behaviour Among Bhils of Rajasthan, J. Soc. Sci., 2004; 8(1): 1-5.

7. Choudhary M., Iqbal H.I. and Wahab Atiatul. Biomedical Studies and IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) Documentation of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Women Diseases in Sindh (Monograph), Planning& Development  Department, Government of Sindh, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry,  International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 2010.pp. 36, 304, 392,518.

8.Muniappan R., Reddy G.V.P., Raman A., Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York. 2009.495 pp.; ISBN:978-0-521-87791-6

9. Glicksman Martin. Food Hydrocolloids, vol. 1, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, 1982.

10. Seal Tapan, Pillai Basundhara, Chaudhuri Kausik. Evaluation of nutritional potential of five unexplored wild edible plants consumed by the tribal people of Arunachal Pradesh state in India. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2017; 5(1):01-05.

11. AOAC. (1999). Official methods of Analysis.21st Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D.C. USA.1999.

12. Hedge JE, Hofreiter BT., In: Carbohydrate Chemistry, 17 (Eds. Whistler RL, Be Miller JN), Academic Press, NewYork, 1962; 17 (1), pp.420

13. Pearson, D., Chemical Analysis of Food, 7th Edition, Churchill, London,1976; 7-11.

14. Guil Guerrero J L, Gimenez Gimenez A, Rodriguez Garcia I, TorijaIsasa M E., Nutritional composition of Sonchus Species (S. asperL., S. Oleraceus L. and S.tenerrimus L.).J Sci Food Agric.1998; 76:628-632.

15. Dilek Bakircioglu ,Yasemin Bakircioglu Kurtulus and Gokhan Ucar. Determination of some traces metal levels in cheese samples packaged in plastic and tin containers by ICP-OES after dry, wet and microwave digestion, Food and Chemical Toxicology.2011;49,202–207.

16. Srivastava R. P., & Kumar S., Fruits and vegetables preservation-principles and practices. New York: International book Distributing Co.2002; pp. 353–363.

17. Methods of Vitamin Assay.Association of Vitamin Chemists Inc. (Ed.). Interscience Publishers.1947; pp. 159.

18. Raghuramulu N., Madhavan Nair K., Sundaram Kalyana S., A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, National Institute of Nutrition-ICMR, 2nd Edition, NIN Press, Jamia Osmania University.2003; pp.150-151.

19. Raghuramulu N., Madhavan Nair K., Sundaram Kalyana S., A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, National Institute of Nutrition-ICMR, 2nd Edition, NIN Press, Jamia Osmania University.2003; pp.153.

20. Raghuramulu N., Madhavan Nair K., Sundaram Kalyana S. A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, National Institute of Nutrition-ICMR, 2nd Edition, NIN Press, Jamia Osmania University.2003; pp.156-157.

21. Goswami S., Naik S.Natural gums and its Pharmaceutical Application.Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research. 2014; 3 (1): 112-121.

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A Study by Purushottam S. G. et al. entitled "Development of Fenofibrate Solid Dispersions for the Plausible Aqueous Solubility Augmentation of this BCS Class-II Drug" is awarded Best article for Vol 13 issue 10
A Study by Kumar S. et al. entitled "A Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile, Complications and Outcome of Pediatric Scrub Typhus Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit from a Tertiary Care Hospital from Eastern India" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 09
A Study by Mardhiah Kamaruddin et al. entitled "The Pattern of Creatinine Clearance in Gestational and Chronic Hypertension Women from the Third Trimester to 12 Weeks Postpartum" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 08
A Study by Sarmila G. B. et al. entitled "Study to Compare the Efficacy of Orally Administered Melatonin and Clonidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response During Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation in Gastrointestinal Surgeries" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 07
A Study by M. Muthu Uma Maheswari et al. entitled "A Study on C-reactive Protein and Liver Function Tests in Laboratory RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre – A Retrospective Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06 Special issue Modern approaches for diagnosis of COVID-19 and current status of awareness
A Study by Gainneos PD et al. entitled "A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 05 Special issue on Recent Advances in Dentistry for better Oral Health
A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 06
A Study by Chen YY and Ghazali SRB entitled "Lifetime Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder Symptoms and Early Adolescence Risk Factors for Poor Physical Health Outcome Among Malaysian Adolescents" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04 Special issue on Current Updates in Plant Biology to Medicine to Healthcare Awareness in Malaysia
A Study by Kumari PM et al. entitled "Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tamilnadu - A Cross-Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 05
A Study by Anu et al. entitled "Effectiveness of Cytological Scoring Systems for Evaluation of Breast Lesion Cytology with its Histopathological Correlation" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 04
A Study by Sharipov R. Kh. et al. entitled "Interaction of Correction of Lipid Peroxidation Disorders with Oxibral" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 03
A Study by Tarek Elwakil et al. entitled "Led Light Photobiomodulation Effect on Wound Healing Combined with Phenytoin in Mice Model" is awarded Best Article of Vol 13 issue 02
A Study by Mohita Ray et al. entitled "Accuracy of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Consultation of Gastrointestinal Biopsy Samples in Correlation with the Final Histopathological Diagnosis" is awarded Best Article for Vol 13 issue 01
A Study by Badritdinova MN et al. entitled "Peculiarities of a Pain in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in the Presence of Individual Combines of the Metabolic Syndrome" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 24
A Study by Sindhu Priya E S et al. entitled "Neuroprotective activity of Pyrazolone Derivatives Against Paraquat-induced Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila melanogaster" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 23
A Study by Habiba Suhail et al. entitled "Effect of Majoon Murmakki in Dysmenorrhoea (Usre Tams): A Standard Controlled Clinical Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 22
A Study by Ghaffar UB et al. entitled "Correlation between Height and Foot Length in Saudi Population in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 21
A Study by Siti Sarah Binti Maidin entitled "Sleep Well: Mobile Application to Address Sleeping Problems" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 20
A Study by Avijit Singh"Comparison of Post Operative Clinical Outcomes Between “Made in India” TTK Chitra Mechanical Heart Valve Versus St Jude Mechanical Heart Valve in Valve Replacement Surgery" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 19
A Study by Sonali Banerjee and Mary Mathews N. entitled "Exploring Quality of Life and Perceived Experiences Among Couples Undergoing Fertility Treatment in Western India: A Mixed Methodology" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 18
A Study by Jabbar Desai et al. entitled "Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Hypertension" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 17
A Study by Juna Byun et al. entitled "Study on Difference in Coronavirus-19 Related Anxiety between Face-to-face and Non-face-to-face Classes among University Students in South Korea" is awarded Best Article for Vol 12 issue 16
A Study by Sudha Ramachandra & Vinay Chavan entitled "Enhanced-Hybrid-Age Layered Population Structure (E-Hybrid-ALPS): A Genetic Algorithm with Adaptive Crossover for Molecular Docking Studies of Drug Discovery Process" is awarded Best article for Vol 12 issue 15
A Study by Varsha M. Shindhe et al. entitled "A Study on Effect of Smokeless Tobacco on Pulmonary Function Tests in Class IV Workers of USM-KLE (Universiti Sains Malaysia-Karnataka Lingayat Education Society) International Medical Programme, Belagavi" is awarded Best article of Vol 12 issue 14, July 2020
A study by Amruta Choudhary et al. entitled "Family Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Women of Reproductive Age from Rural Area of Central India" is awarded Best Article for special issue "Modern Therapeutics Applications"
A study by Raunak Das entitled "Study of Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Interstitial Lung Diseas epatients by Correlating the Levels of Serum NT PRO BNP and Microalbuminuria (Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction) with Echocardiographic, Bronchoscopic and HighResolution Computed Tomography Findings of These ILD Patients" is awarded Best Article of Vol 12 issue 13 
A Study by Kannamani Ramasamy et al. entitled "COVID-19 Situation at Chennai City – Forecasting for the Better Pandemic Management" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 12
A Study by Muhammet Lutfi SELCUK and Fatma entitled "Distinction of Gray and White Matter for Some Histological Staining Methods in New Zealand Rabbit's Brain" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 11
A Study by Anamul Haq et al. entitled "Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents – Emphasis Upon Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 10
A Study by entitled "Estimation of Reference Interval of Serum Progesterone During Three Trimesters of Normal Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 09
A Study by Ilona Gracie De Souza & Pavan Kumar G. entitled "Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A Randomized Clinical Trial" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 08
A Study by Virendra Atam et. al. entitled "Clinical Profile and Short - Term Mortality Predictors in Acute Stroke with Emphasis on Stress Hyperglycemia and THRIVE Score : An Observational Study" is awarded best article for  Vol 12 issue 07
A Study by K. Krupashree et. al. entitled "Protective Effects of Picrorhizakurroa Against Fumonisin B1 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice" is awarded best article for issue Vol 10 issue 20
A study by Mithun K.P. et al "Larvicidal Activity of Crude Solanum Nigrum Leaf and Berries Extract Against Dengue Vector-Aedesaegypti" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 14 of IJCRR
A study by Asha Menon "Women in Child Care and Early Education: Truly Nontraditional Work" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 13
A study by Deep J. M. "Prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in 7-13 Years Old Children of Biratnagar, Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study" is awarded Best Article for Vol 10 issue 11 of IJCRR
A review by Chitra et al to analyse relation between Obesity and Type 2 diabetes is awarded 'Best Article' for Vol 10 issue 10 by IJCRR. 
A study by Karanpreet et al "Pregnancy Induced Hypertension: A Study on Its Multisystem Involvement" is given Best Paper Award for Vol 10 issue 09

List of Awardees

A Study by Ese Anibor et al. "Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Delta State University Students in Abraka, Nigeria" from Vol 13 issue 16 received Emerging Researcher Award


A Study by Alkhansa Mahmoud et al. entitled "mRNA Expression of Somatostatin Receptors (1-5) in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells" from Vol 13 issue 06 received Emerging Researcher Award


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International Journal of Current Research and Review (IJCRR) provides platform for researchers to publish and discuss their original research and review work. IJCRR can not be held responsible for views, opinions and written statements of researchers published in this journal

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